Abstract: Substituted 2-piperazinones are prepared by reacting a substituted 1,2-diamine with (a) an acyclic or cyclic cyanohydrin acetate, (b) a haloform, and (c) alkali metal hydroxide, in the presence of a suitable organic solvent, at ambient pressure and temperature preferably lower than about 20.degree. C. In an analogous manner, substituted 1,4-diaza-2-keto-cycloheptanes are prepared by reacting substituted 1,3-propane-diamines. In this synthesis, referred to as "the cyanohydrin acetate synthesis," the reaction is accelerated with a phase transfer catalyst selected from the group consisting of a polyether, an onium salt, and a tertiary amine. This synthesis yields predominantly a 2-keto-diazacycloalkane with substituents desirably substituted on carbon atoms on either side of the N.sup.4 atom of the diaza ring.

Abstract: Novel polysubstituted 2-keto-1,4-diazacycloalkanes are powerful stabilizers for materials subject to ultraviolet (UV) light degradation, particularly for polyolefins. The cyclic 2-keto compounds of this invention have (a) a fixed two-carbon bridge between the N.sup.1 and N.sup.4 atoms of the diaza ring, the remaining portion of the ring having a variable length bridge of two or more carbon atoms, (b) an N-adjacent carbonyl in the fixed two-carbon bridge, and (c) at least one N.sup.4 -adjacent carbon atom of the diaza ring is polysubstituted, that is, has two substituents which may be cyclizable.Compositions containing (a) the polysubstituted 2-keto-1,4-diazacycloalkanes of this invention, and (b) prior art polysubstituted 2-keto-1,4-diazacycloalkanes, exhibit excellent stability to UV light.

Abstract: 2,3,4,7,8,9-Substituted octahydropyrazinopyrimidinones and acid addition salts thereof. A process for the preparation of said compounds. A pharmaceutical composition comprising such a compound and a conventional carrier. A process for the preparation of said composition. Method of medical treatment of human beings and animals using such compounds.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium salts of the formula ##STR1## where R, R' and R" are typically individually alkyl or inertly-substituted alkyl radicals and Y.sup..crclbar. is a neutralizing anion, are readily prepared by quaternizing the nonamide ring nitrogen of an N-alkyl piperazinone. These quaternary ammonium salts demonstrate biological activity.

Abstract: Several novel syntheses have been discovered for preparation of 2-keto-1,4-diazacycloalkanes and their derivatives. Trans isomers of polysubstituted quinoxalin-2-ones may now be prepared.

Abstract: Novel penicillins and cephalosporins and non-toxic salts thereof, which contain a mono- or di-oxo- or thioxo-piperazino(thio)carbonylamino group in molecule. These compounds are valuable antibacterial compounds for use in mammals including man. This disclosure relates to such compounds and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Compounds are provided having the structure ##STR1## WHEREIN N IS 1, 2 OR 3, M AND M' ARE 0, 1 OR 2, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different and can be hydrogen, lower alkyl, halolower alkyl, acyl, lower alkoxy-carbonyl ##STR2## or lower alkoxyalkylene, X is a straight or branched bivalent aliphatic radical and Y is ##STR3## These compounds are useful in the treatment of hypertension.

Abstract: Alkylenedioxy piperazine compounds of the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof with physiologically tolerated acids, useful for the treatment of vascular and cardiac diseases, are disclosed, as are methods for making the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.

Abstract: Novel penicillins and cephalosporins and non-toxic salts thereof, which contain a mono- or di-oxo- or thioxo-piperazino(thio)carbonylamino group in molecule. These compounds are valuable antibacterial compounds for use in mammals including man. This disclosure relates to such compounds and a process for the preparation thereof.