Abstract: This invention concerns a compound of formula 1

Abstract: Compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting thrombin and associated thrombotic occlusions having the following structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R2 is R3 is selected from the group consisting of 1) hydrogen, 2) halogen, 3) C 1-4 alkyl, 4) C 3-7 cycloalkyl, 5) CF3, 6) OCF3, 7) C 1-4 alkoxy, and 8) cyano; and R12 is a 5-membered heteroaryl ring having 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms, provided that at least 1 heteroatom is N, and at most 1 of the heteroatoms is S, said ring being unsubstituted or substituted, at any one ring atom, with CH3.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives 1

Abstract: Pleuromutilin compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides substituted pyrazine derivatives of Formula I, 1

Abstract: This invention relates to a method to modulate exogenous gene expression in which an ecdysone receptor complex comprising: a DNA binding domain; a ligand binding domain; a transactivation domain; and a ligand is contacted with a DNA construct comprising: the exogenous gene and a response element; wherein the exogenous gene is under the control of the response element and binding of the DNA binding domain to the response element in the presence of the ligand results in activation or suppression of the gene. The ligands comprise a class of ketones.

Abstract: Heterocyclic aromatic amides having a hydroxy group adjacent to the amide functionality are useful as antifungal agents, particularly for plants.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula 1

Abstract: Heterocyclic aromatic amides having a hydroxy group adjacent to the amide functionality are useful as antifungal agents, particularly for plants.

Abstract: Substituted anthranilamides and use thereof as pharmaceutical agents for treating diseases that are triggered by persistent angiogenesis as well as their intermediate products for the production of anthranilamides are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula (I): wherein: Y represents a group (CH2)n, wherein n represents 0, 1 or 2; R1 is phenyl, naphthyl, a mono or bicyclic heteroaryl group containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; or a group NR3R4 wherein one of R3 and R4 is hydrogen or optionally substituted (C1-4)alkyl and the other is phenyl, naphthyl or a mono or bicyclic heteroaryl group containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, or R3 and R4 together with the N atom to which they are attached form a 5 to 7-membered cyclic amine which has an optionally fused phenyl ring; any of which R1 groups may be optionally substituted; R2 represents phenyl or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl group containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl group is substituted by R5, and further optional substituents; or R2 represents an optionally substituted bicyclic aromatic or bicyclic heteroaromatic group containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O

Abstract: A class of compounds is described which can be used for the treatment of viral infections. Compounds of particular interest are defined by Formula II wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently selected from hydrido, halo, and nitro; wherein R8 is selected from haloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted arylalkoxy and optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl; where Y is selected from fluoroalkyl, and wherein R9 alkylamino; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or tautomer thereof.

Abstract: Carrier compounds and compositions therewith which are useful in the delivery of active agents are provided. Methods of administration and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing stereoisomerically enriched 3-heteroaryl-3-hydroxycarboxylic esters by reducing 3-heteroaryl-3-oxocarboxylic esters in the presence of ruthenium-containing catalysts.

Abstract: Diarylanines, such as 5-amide substituted diarylamines of formula (I) or formula (II) wherein A is hydroxy, C1-6 alkoxy, or NR6OR7; X is OR12, NR13R12, or NR14; inhibitors of MEK and are useful in the treatment of a variety of proliferative disease states, such as conditions related to the hyperactivity of MEK, as well as diseases modulated by the MEK cascade.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel pesticidally active &agr;-sulfin and &agr;-sulfonamino acid amides of the general formula (I) including the optical isomers thereof and mixtures of such isomers, wherein n is a number zero or one; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 have the meanings given in the specification, and R8 is either hydrogen, (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) wherein R11, R12, R13, R15 and R17 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R13 is C4-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 halogenalkyl; C3-C8 cycloalkyl; optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, R16 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; and Z is oxygen, sulfur —CR18R19— or —NR2O—, wherein R18, R19 and R20 independently of each other are hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl. The novel compounds possess plant-protecting properties and are suitable for protecting plants against infestation by phytopathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel N-alkyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine derivatives containing metal chelating groups, a process for preparing the same, the use of the novel compounds as therapeutics for treating and/or preventing various medical dysfunctions and diseases arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or excess Zn ions, in particular stroke, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The compounds of the invention possess similar or superior LPO inhibition activity to the reference compounds of Trolox and Ebselen. While showing lower toxicity, they also effectively inhibit the cerebral neuronal cell death caused by ROS and/or zinc ion, and show neuroprotective effects against ischemic neuronal degeneration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sodium channel blockers. The present invention also relates to a variety of methods of treatment using the sodium channel blockers.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of arylamides of heteroaromatic carboxylic acids of the formula: in which each An is nitrogen or CRn(n=1 to 5), with the proviso that at least one of the ring members is nitrogen and that two nitrogen atoms are not bonded directly to one another; R1 to R5, if present, independently of one another; C1-4-alkyl or aryl, one of the substituents R1 to R5 being a group of the formula —OR, in which R is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical; R6 is hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl; and R7 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic radical. The amides are obtained from the corresponding heteroaromatic halogen compounds, the corresponding aromatic amines and carbon monoxide in the presence of palladium diphosphine complex. Compounds of this class (Formula I) are important herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sodium channel blockers. The present invention also relates to a variety of methods of treatment using these sodium channel blockers.

Abstract: The present invention provides HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors of the formula; and when the compound of formula I comprises an amino group, pharmaceutically acceptable ammonium salts thereof, wherein n is 3 or 4, wherein R1 may be, for example, iso-butyl, wherein X and Y, same or different, may be, for example, NH2 and F, and wherein R2 and R3 are as defined herein.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed are novel processes and novel intermediate compounds for preparing aryl-and heteroaryl-substituted urea compounds of the formula(I) wherein Ar1, Ar2, L, Q and X are described herein. The product compounds are useful in pharmaceutic compositions for treating diseases or pathological conditions involving inflammation such as chronic inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, methods and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting proteases, particularly serine proteases, and more particularly HCV NS3 proteases. The compounds, and the compositions and methods that utilize them, can be used, either alone or in combination to inhibit viruses, particularly HCV virus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of both the phenyl pyrazine derivative 2,6-diamino-3-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)pyrazine and an intermediate in the synthesis of 2,6-diamino-3(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)pyrazine, 2-{[Cyano-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)-methyl]-amino}-acetamidine or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Substituted aryl 1,4-pyrazine derivatives and their use in treating anxiety disorders, depression and stress related disorders are disclosed.

Abstract: Pyrazine derivatives represented by general formula [1]: 1

Abstract: Disclosed are novel nitrile compounds of formula (I) further defined herein, which compounds are useful as reversible inhibitors of cysteine proteases such as cathepsin K, S, F, L and B. These compounds are useful for treating diseases and pathological conditions exacerbated by these proteases such as, but not limited to, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, asthma and other autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis. Also disclosed are processes for making such novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention therefore provides, in a first aspect, a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof: in which the group D is selected from a group of formula (A), (B) or (C) below: in which P is a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic alicyclic ring containing up to 20 carbon atoms in the ring(s); A is a single bond, a C1-6alkylene or a C2-6alkenylene group; R1 is halogen, C1-6alkyl optionally substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, C3-6cycloalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, OCF3, hydroxy, hydroxyC1-6alkyl, hydroxyC1-6alkoxy, C1-6alkoxyC1-6alkoxy, C1-6alkanoyl, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino, SR11 where R11 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl or R1 is aryl, arylC1-6alkyl, a bicyclic heterocyclic ring or is a 5 to 7-membered heterocyclic ring each containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and R2 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, aryl, arylC1-6alkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl; or in which Ra is an alkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms o

Abstract: Described is a heterocycle-containing carboxylic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): wherein A represents, for example, a heteroaryl group which contains at least one nitrogen atom and may have a substituent, B represents, for example, a heteroarylene group, a —CONH— group or a group represented by the formula —CR6═CR7— in which R6 and R7 represents H, a lower alkyl group or the like, D represents an arylene group, a heteroarylene group or the like, n1 stands for 0 or 1, M represents, for example, a hydroxyl group or a lower alkoxy group; or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof. As a retinoic-related compound replacing retinoic acid, it permits the provision of a preventive and/or therapeutic for various diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides pyrazine derivatives that inhibit tyrosine kinase activity. Certain pyrazine derivatives are selective inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations containing the pyrazine derivatives and methods of use of these formulations as anti-tumor agents and to treat solid-tumor cancers, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, endometriosis and psoriasis.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure wherein, U, V, and W are as defined hereinbefore, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating or inhibiting metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia (typically associated with obesity or glucose intolerance), atherosclerosis, gastrointestinal disorders, neurogenetic inflammation, glaucoma, ocular hypertension and frequent urination; and are particularly useful in the treatment or inhibition of type II diabetes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds by the oxidation of alcohols in the presence of osmium compounds as catalysts in water or a solvent mixture containing water.

Abstract: There are described cycloalkyl derivatives of the formula (I)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scaleable process for the oxidation of carbon-boron bonds with Oxone®.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: An efficient and selective process, capable of scale-up, to make itaconate derivatives of formula (IV), and/or succinate derivatives of formula (V) and/or (VI) by asymmetric hydrogenation of the itaconate derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds having Formulas 5 and 6 wherein the symbols have the meaning defined in the specification are inhibitors of the cytochrome P450RAI (retinoic acid inducible) enzyme, and are used for treating diseases responsive to treatment by retinoids.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula P1-L-P2; wherein “P1” is a pyrazinoylguanidine sodium channel blocker, “L” is a linking group, and “P2” is either (i) a pyrazinoylguanidine sodium channel blocker or (ii) a P2Y2 receptor agonist, are disclosed. Pharmaceutical formulations containing the same and methods of use thereof to hydrate mucosal surfaces such as airway mucosal surfaces are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel isoquinoline carboxamide derivatives which are HIV protease inhibitors or prodrugs thereof, a process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions and the use of such compounds in medicine. In particular, the compounds are hydroxyethylamine tripeptide mimetics which act as inhibitors of the HIV aspartyl protease, an essential enzyme in the replicative life cycle of HIV. Consequently, the compounds of this invention may be advantageously used in the treatment of HIV infection, either alone or in combination with other inhibitors of HIV viral replication or with pharmacoenhancers such as cytochrome P450 inhibitors.

Abstract: Inclusion complexes of glipizide and a nonionic surfactant with cyclodextrin and cyclodextrin derivatives. A method of preparing the inclusion complexes of glipizide and a nonionic surfactant with cyclodextrin and cyclodextrin derivatives, by wetting cyclodextrin or a derivative thereof with a nonionic surfactant, and mixing the resulting mixture with glipizide. A pharmaceutical composition containing an inclusion complex of glipizide and a nonionic surfactant with cyclodextrin and cyclodextrin derivatives, in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

Abstract: A compound of the formula 1

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are suitable for the production of pharmaceuticals for the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders in the course of which an increased activity of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases is involved.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof useful in the treatment of pain. The compounds of the present invention are azaadamantanes, azanoradamantanes and azahomoadamantanes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel heteroaryl-carboxamides which modulate the activity of protein tyrosine kinases and therefore are expected to be useful in the treatment of abnormal protein tyrosine kinase activity driven disorders including cancer.

Abstract: Propanoic acid derivatives of formula (1) are described:

Abstract: Compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting thrombin and associated thrombotic occlusions having the following structure: 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula wherein the symbols have the meaning described in the specification, have retinoid-like biological activity.

Abstract: It has been discovered that compounds of the formula: 1