Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods of treatment for glutamate abnormalities and associated nervous tissue insult in a animal by inhibition of NAALADase enzyme. Compositions include glutamate-derived hydroxyphosphinyl derivative compounds, acidic peptide analogs, phosphinic acid derivatives and mixtures thereof that inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity and their use for treating glutamate abnormalities such as created by global and focal ischemia.

Abstract: The invention concerns substituted spiroheterocyclic 1H-3-arylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives of formula (I) in which A and B together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, are an unsubstituted or substituted 5- or 6-membered ring including at least one hetero atom; X is alkyl, halogen or alkoxy; Y is hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy or alkyl halide; Z is alkyl, halogen or alkoxy; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; G is hydrogen (a) or one of the groups (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) or (g), E is a metal-ion equivalent or an ammonium ion; L and M are each oxygen or sulphur and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are as defined in the description. The invention also concerns methods of preparing such compounds as well as intermediates of formula (XVII) and (II) in which A, B, X, Y, Z and n are as defined in claim 1 and R.sup.8 is alkyl. Compounds of formula (I) are suitable for use as pest-control agents.

Abstract: Formation of an intramolecular cross-link in enzyme donor polypeptide fragments of .beta.-galactosidase, thereby forming a cyclic enzyme donor which is hindered from complementation with an enzyme acceptor fragment to form active of .beta.-galactosidase. The cyclic enzyme donor can be linearized by cleaving to restore complementation ability. Assays in which such cyclic enzyme donors are linearized by specific analytes are disclosed, as well as novel homobifunctional bis-maleimido cross-linking agents of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydroxy or acetate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to dipeptidase inhibitors, and more particularly, to N-Acetylated .alpha.-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme inhibitors which are proposed as novel agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. NAALADase is enzyme which is a membrane-bound metalloprotease which hydrolyzes the dipeptide, N-acetyl-L-aspartate-L-glutamate (NAAG) to yield glutamate and N-acetylaspartate. The compounds of the present invention include phosphinic acid derivatives that inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity and which have been found useful for inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: Phosphoramidates and phosphinic amides and related compounds are provided. Also provided are methods that use the compounds for modulating the activity of the endothelin family of peptides are provided. In particular, compounds having formula: ##STR1## in which A, B, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as described are provided. Also provided are methods for treating endothelin-mediated disorders by administering effective amounts of one or more of these compounds or prodrugs thereof. Methods for elucidating the physiological and pathophysiological roles of endothelin, as well as isolating endothelin receptors are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical and organic chemistry and provides benzothiophene compounds, intermediates, formulations, and methods.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition is disclosed which contains a compound of formula I: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or hydrate thereof, in the stabilized form and/or in combination with a carbon dioxide source.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptide aldehydes having a lactam group as part of the peptide backbone and having an original mimic group such as an amidinopiperidine or amidinophengyl tail. These compounds are potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using them as therapeutic agents for disease states in mammals characterized by abnormal thrombosis.

Abstract: A class of novel pyrroles is disclosed together with the use of such compounds for inhibiting sPLA.sub.2 mediated release of fatty acids for treatment of conditions such as septic shock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thio-substituted, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic phosphonate compounds, including bisphosphonates, phosphonoalkylphosphinates, phosphonocarboxylates, and phosphonosulfonates, and the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts and esters thereof useful for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and arthritis. These compounds have the general structure: ##STR1## (a) Z is a monocyclic or polycyclic heterocyclic ring moiety containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S, or N, at least one of which is N;(b) Q is covalent bond; O, S, N, or NR.sub.1 ;(c) R is COOH, SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, or P(O)(OH)R.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl;(d) each R1 is independently selected from --SR.sup.6 ; --R.sup.8 SR.sup.6 ; nil; hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; unsubstituted or substituted aryl; hydroxy; --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3 ; --O.sub.2 CR.sup.3 ; --NR.sup.3.sub.2 ; --OR.sup.3 ; --C(O)N(R.sup.3).sub.2 ; --N(R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein X is alkyl, Y is a single bond, --CH.sub.2 --, --C(O)--, --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.8)-- where R.sup.8 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl or (cycloalkyl)alkyl, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 are as defined herein. These compounds have potassium channel activating activity and are useful, therefore for example, as cardiovascular agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 1H-3-aryl-pyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A, B, G, X, Y and Z have the meaning given in the description, to processes for their preparation and to intermediates for this purpose. The compounds of the formula (I) are used as pesticides and herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods of treatment for glutamate abnormalities and associated nervous tissue insult in a animal by inhibition of NAALADase enzyme. Compositions include glutamate-derived hydroxyphosphinyl derivative compounds, acidic peptide analogs, phosphinic acid derivatives and mixtures thereof that inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity and their use for treating glutamate abnormalities such as created by global and focal ischemia.

Abstract: A cyclopentenecarboxamide derivative represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## and a method for preparing the cyclopentencarboxamide derivative. A bicycloamide derivative represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## and a method for preparing the bicycloamide derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds represented by the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a straight or branched lower alkyl, a cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, an aryl-lower alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an aryl an aryl-cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, an aryloxy, or a heteroaryl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a straight or branched lower alkyl, a cycloalkyl, or a cycloalkyl-lower alkyl;R.sub.3 and R.sub.3 ' are each the same or different and each is hydrogen atom, a straight or branched lower alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an aryl-lower alkyl, an aryl, or a heteroaryl; orR.sub.3 and R.sub.3 ' together form a ring structure;R.sub.3 " is hydrogen, lower alkyl or an aryl; orR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 " together form a lower alkylene group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3; orR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 " together form a group represented by the formula: --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --Ar-- or --Ar--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --, respectively, wherein p is zero or an integer of 1 or 2, and Ar is an arylene or heteroarylene;C(.dbd.X) is C(.dbd.

Abstract: The present invention relates to quaternary nitrogen-containing phosphate compounds, and the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts and esters thereof having the general structure: ##STR1## wherein: Z is a saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic carbocycle or monocyclic or polycyclic heterocycle containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S, or N;Y is N.sup.+ (R.sup.8).sub.2 or C(R.sup.1).sub.2 and when Y is C(R.sup.1).sub.2, at least one R.sup.2 must be N.sup.+ (R.sup.8).sub.3 ;R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, and R.sup.8 are defined in claim 1, m and n are integers from 0 to 10; m+n is from 0 to 10;R is COOH; PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 ; SO.sub.3 H; or P(O)(OH)R.sub.4, wherein R.sub.4 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of 1-8 carbons atoms.The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compostions containing a safe and effective amount of a compound of the present invention, and pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients.

Abstract: A 1-substituted-2-diphenylphosphinonaphthalene represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an alkoxy group, a phenyl group or --OR.sup.6 (wherein R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alcohol-protective group), and the rest of them represent a hydrogen atom; A represents a single bond or a methylene group; and R.sup.5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group; and a transition metal complex comprising the 1-substituted-2-diphenylphosphinonaphthalene as a ligand. The transition metal complex is useful as a catalyst in asymmetric synthesis.

Abstract: Compounds having kappa opioid agonist activity, compositions containing them and method of using them as analgesics are provided.The compound of formula II has the structure: ##STR1## wherein X.sub.4, X.sub.5 ;R.sub.1, R.sub.2 ; andAr and n are as described in the specification.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is disclosed, as well as processes for and intermediates in the preparation thereof, and a method of antagonizing endothelin.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyrrolidine monomeric units and to oligomers which are joined via phosphate linkages, including phosphorothioate, phosphodiester and phosphoramidate linkages.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the novel compound of Formula I useful in the treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases. ##STR1## The invention also encompasses certain pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases comprising compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: Therapeutically active, heteroaryl-substituted deoxy glycero-phosphoethanolamines are disclosed having the general Formula I: ##STR1## wherein one of X, Y or Z is a fatty ether substituent, one is a heteroaryl ring substituent with 1-4 nitrogens as the only heteroatoms, one of which is bonded to a carbon of the glyceryl backbone, and one is a phosphoethanolamine substituent substituted at the nitrogen, provided that each of X, Y and Z is a different substituent, and the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the therapeutically active compounds and methods of using the therapetically active compounds to treat cancerous tumors, psoriasis and inflammation are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptide aldehydes which are potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using them as therapeutic agents for disease states in mammals characterized by abnormal thrombosis.

Abstract: Compounds having kappa opioid agonist activity, compositions containing them and method of using them as analgesics are provided.The compounds of formulae I, II, III and IV have the structure: ##STR1## wherein X, X.sub.4, X.sub.5, X.sub.7, X.sub.9 ;R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 ; andY, Z and n are as described in the specification.

Abstract: Novel phosphinic acid-containing peptidyl compounds of formula I are found to be useful inhibitors of matrix metalloendoproteinase-mediated diseases including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, tumor invasion in certain cancers, periodontal disease, corneal ulceration, proteinuria, dystrophobic epidermolysis bullosa, and coronary thrombosis associated with atherosclerotic plaque rupture. These inhibitors may also be useful in preventing the pathological sequelae following a traumatic injury that could lead to permanent disability. These compounds may also have utility as a means for birth control by preventing ovulation or implantation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to dipeptidase inhibitors, and more particularly, to N-Acetylated .alpha.-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme inhibitors which are proposed as novel agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. NAALADase is enzyme which is a membrane-bound metalloprotease which hydrolyzes the dipeptide, N-acetyl-L-aspartate-L-glutamate (NAAG) to yield glutamate and N-acetylaspartate. The compounds of the present invention include phosphinic acid derivatives that inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity and which have been found useful for inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbapenems and provides a compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or in vivo hydrolysable ester thereof wherein:R.sup.1 is 1-hydroxyethyl, 1-fluoroethyl or hydroxymethyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, halo, cyano, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, carboxy, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, C.sub.1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, aminosulphonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylaminosulphonyl, di-C.sub.1-4 -alkylaminosulphonyl, carbamoyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl, di-C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl, trifluoromethyl, sulphonic acid, amino, C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, di-C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkanoylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl(N-C.sub.1-4 alkyl)amino, C.sub.1-4 alkanesulphonamido and C.sub.1-4 alkylS(O)n- wherein n is zero, one or two:with the proviso that there is no hydroxy or carboxy substituent in a position ortho to the link to --NR.sup.3 --.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel phosphorous-containing inhibitors of cysteine or serine proteases. Methods for the use of the protease inhibitors are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to caged compounds for the study of biological processes, where the caged compound has a photoremoveable .alpha.-carboxy-substituted o-nitrobenzyl group. Covalent attachment of the substituted o-nitrobenzyl to a parent compound yields a caged compound with biological and/or physical properties that are significantly altered from the original properties of the parent compound. Illumination of the caged compounds to cleave the photoremoveable group yields the parent compound with its original properties restored.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which R signifies a possibly substituted amino group of the general formula --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, whereby, independently of one another, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each signify hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl or R represents a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic ring which can possibly be substituted once or twice by lower alkyl or halogen, alk signifies a valency bond, a methylene, a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chained or branched alkylene chain with 2-6 carbon atoms and R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, in each case independently of one another, signify hydrogen, lower alkyl or benzyl, as well as their pharmacologically acceptable salts and enantiomers, whereby, for the case that R.sup.3 =R.sup.4 =R.sup.5 =CH.sub.3 and alk signifies a valency bond, R cannot be the dimethylamino group, processes for their preparation and medicaments which contain these compounds for the treatment of calcium metabolism diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to new 1H-3-aryl-pyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A, B, X, Y and G have the meanings given in the description, to a plurality of processes for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein a, b and d are all carbon atoms or one of a, b and d is a nitrogen atom or --N(O)-- and the others are carbon atoms; Y is a single bond, --CH.sub.2 --, --C(O)--, --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.8)--; and R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 are as defined herein. These compounds have potassium channel activating activity and are useful, therefore for example, as cardiovascular agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclic imino compounds which have, inter alia, valuable pharmacological properties, especially inhibitory effects on cell aggregation, pharmaceutical compositions which contain these compounds and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: There are provided novel substituted 3-aryl-pyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which X represents alkyl, halogen or alkoxy,Y represents hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy or halogenoalkyl,Z represents alkyl, halogen or alkoxy,n represents a number from 0-3,A represents hydrogen, or represents alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted by halogen, cycloalkyl which is optionally interrupted by hetero atoms, or represents aryl, arylalkyl or hetaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by halogen-, alkyl-, halogenoalkyl-, alkoxy- or nitro,B represents hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl,or in whichA and B together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form an optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated cycle which can be interrupted by oxygen and/or sulphur.R represents the groups ##STR2## in which L, M as well as R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 have the meaning given inthe text of the application.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new contrast media particularly suited for X-ray diagnostic procedures of the human and animal body and also to the new compounds of general formulae (I) and (II).

Abstract: Cyclic imino derivatives of the formulaB--X.sub.2 --X.sub.1 --A--Y--E (I)wherein A, B, E, X.sub.1, X.sub.2 and Y are as defined herein, the stereoisomers, tautomers, mixtures and addition salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and processes for preparing them. The cyclic imino derivatives are useful as inhibitors of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, e.g., thrombocyte aggregation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1-H-3-phenyl-5-cyloalkylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A represents optionally substituted cycloalkyl andB represents hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl,X represents alkyl, halogen or alkoxy,Y represents hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy or halogenoalkyl,Z represents alkyl, halogen or alkoxy,n represents a number 0, 1, 2 or 3,G represents hydrogen (a) or the groups ##STR2## These compounds possess herbicidal and pesticidal activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a class of novel phosphonate derivatives of lipophilic amines which exhibit squalene synthase inhibition properties. More specifically the compounds are bis aryl cycloalkylamino and azacycloalkyl phosphonates. Compounds of this invention reduce levels of serum cholesterol in the body without significantly reducing mevalonic metabolite synthesis. This invention relates also to pharmacological compositions and method of treatment for lowering serum cholesterol levels using the compounds of this invention.

Abstract: A method for the synthesis of a plurality of oligonucleotides comprising the steps of(i) forming a first oligonucleotide on a first cleavable link attached to a solid support;(ii) attaching to the first oligonucleotide a cleavable linker moiety;(iii) forming a second oligonucleotide on the cleavable linker moiety; and(iv) cleaving the first cleavable link and the cleavable linker moiety to give a plurality of oligonucleotides; wherein the cleavable linker moiety is of the Formula (1): ##STR1## in which A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and E are as defined herein, and novel compounds which may be used in the operation of the method.

Abstract: 3-Phenylpyrrolidine compounds of the formula ##STR1## effectively inhibit phosphodiesterase (PDE) IV activities and can be used as medicaments for conditions such as asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel S-nitroso derivatives of ACE inhibitors and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the S-nitrosothiol derivatives of the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.The invention also relates to methods for treating various pathophysiological conditions including acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular dysfunction without overt heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, vascular thrombosis, Raynauds syndrome, scleroderma, toxemia of pregnancy, acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, and renal artery stenosis, and to methods of inhibiting ACE and effecting vasodilation comprising administering the S-nitrosothiol derivatives of the ACE inhibitors of the invention to an animal.

Abstract: Novel pyrrolidine monomers bearing various functional groups are used to prepare oligomeric structures. The pyrrolidine monomers can be joined via standard phosphate linkages including phosphodiester and phosphorothioate linkages. Useful functional groups include nucleobases as well as polar groups, hydrophobic groups, ionic groups, aromatic groups and/or groups that participate in hydrogen-bonding.

Abstract: Dialkyl-1-H-3-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-pyrrolidine-2,4-diones of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A represents alkyl which is optionally substituted by halogen andB represents C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alkyl orA and B together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded represent an unsubstituted cycle,G represents hydrogen (a) or the groups ##STR2## E represents a metal ion equivalent or an ammonium ion, L and M represent oxygen and/or sulphur. These compounds possess herbicidal and pesticidal activity.

Abstract: There are provided thienyl- and furylpyrrole compounds of formula I ##STR1## and their use for the control of insects and acarina. Further provided are compositions and methods comprising those compounds for the protection of plants from attack by insects and acarina.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbapenems and provides a compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or in vivo hydrolysable ester thereof wherein:R.sup.1 is 1-hydroxyethyl, 1-fluoroethyl or hydroxymethyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, halo, cyano, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, carboxy, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, C.sub.1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, aminosulphonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylaminosulphonyl, di-C.sub.1-4 alkylaminosulphonyl, carbamoyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl, di-C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl, trifluoromethyl, sulphonic acid, amino, C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, di-C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkanoylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl(N-C.sub.1-4 alkyl)amino, C.sub.1-4 alkanesulphonamido and C.sub.1-4 alkylS(O).sub.n -- wherein n is zero, one or two:with the proviso that there is no hydroxy or carboxy substituent in a position ortho to the --NR.sup.2 --.

Abstract: Cyclophosphamide analogs are provided of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkyl, substituted with a leaving group such as halo or alkylsulfonyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same as R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or are H and Ar is a heteroaromatic ring and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of new C-terminal boronic acid dipeptide inhibitors of trypsin-like enzymes such as thrombin and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and q are as defined in the description, have valuable pharmacological properties and are especially effective as calcium metabolism regulators. They are prepared in a manner known per se.

Abstract: Amine phosphate having a terminal imide cycle resulting from the reaction, under formation conditions for an amine salt, of at least one phosphate complying with the general formula (I): ##STR1## in which n is equal to 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, R.sup.6 stands for a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group normally having 1 to 200 carbon atoms, with at least one amine. Preparation process in accordance with standard methods and use of these compounds as additives in fuels for engines, if appropriate in formulations containing a second constituent consisting of at least one product chosen from among the germination additives of paraffins, whereby said formulations can also contain at least one paraffin crystal growth inhibiting product.