Abstract: Novel compounds of the structural formula (I), and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are agonists of G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) and may be useful in the treatment, prevention and suppression of diseases mediated by the G-protein-coupled receptor 40. The compounds of the present invention may be useful in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and of conditions that are often associated with this disease, including obesity and lipid disorders, such as mixed or diabetic dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indoline alkaloid compounds. In particular, indoline alkaloid compounds of the invention have antibacterial activity and/or are capable of resensitizing the susceptibility of methicillin-resistant S. aureus to a ?-lactam antibiotic. The present invention also relates to a method for producing and using the same.

Abstract: This invention provides enantioenriched heterocyclic enaminone compounds with quaternary stereogenic centers and novel methods of preparing the compounds. Methods include the method for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): comprising treating a compound of formula (II): with a transition metal catalyst under alkylation conditions.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device having a light-emitting layer containing a compound represented by the general formula below has a high light emission efficiency. In the general formula, at least one of R1 to R5 represents a cyano group, at least one of R1 to R5 represents a 9-carbazolyl group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-carbazolyl group, a 1-indolyl group or a diarylamino group, and the balance of R1 to R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing cycloalkanyl[b]indoles, as well as related cycloalkanyl[b]benzofurans and cycloalkanyl[b]benzothiophenes is provided. The method is a single, multicomponent reaction that combines (1) an indole, benzofuran, or benzothiopene, (2) an aldehyde, ketone, or ketal, and (3) a diene in the presence of an acid, in particular a Ga(III) or In(III) salt. Compositions and methods of using these compounds to stimulate secretion and/or production of glucagon-like peptide-1 or inhibit the activity of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide receptor are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for inhibiting angiogenesis. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for inhibiting VEGF production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for effectively producing an N-(hetero)arylazole with high yield, which is useful as a medical or agrochemical product, an organic photoconductor material, an organic electroluminescent element material, or the like. The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-(hetero)arylazole, which includes reacting a (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halide with an NH-azole in the presence of: a catalyst including a palladium compound and a coordination compound; and a basic magnesium compound.

Abstract: Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and intermediates useful in the preparation of (R)-2-(7-(4-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid of Formula (Ia) and salts thereof, an S1P1 receptor modulator that is useful in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, diseases and disorders mediated by lymphocytes, transplant rejection, autoimmune diseases and disorders, inflammatory diseases and disorders (e.g., acute and chronic inflammatory conditions), cancer, and conditions characterized by an underlying defect in vascular integrity or that are associated with angiogenesis such as may be pathologic (e.g., as may occur in inflammation, tumor development and atherosclerosis).

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives of Formula (Ia) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit useful pharmacological properties, for example, as agonists of the S1P1 receptor. Also provided by the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, and methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, type I diabetes, acne, microbial infections or diseases and viral infections or diseases.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device comprising a transparent electrically conductive film, a photoelectric conversion film and an electrically conductive film in this order, wherein the photoelectric conversion film comprises a photoelectric conversion layer, and an electron blocking layer, wherein the electron blocking layer contains a compound represented by the specific formula.

Abstract: Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives of Formula (Ia): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit useful pharmacological properties, for example, as agonists of the S1P1 receptor. Also provided by the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, and methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, type I diabetes, acne, microbial infections or diseases and viral infections or diseases.

Abstract: A polymer and an organic light-emitting device including the polymer are provided, wherein the polymer comprises a polymeric unit represented by the Formula: In which variables are as defined herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a condensed-cyclic compound and an OLED including the same.

Abstract: The dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell, which dye is a compound classified into melocyanine dyes and has a structure in which an electron donor unit and an electron acceptor unit are connected with conjugated double bonds, provided by this invention, has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent durability, and according to this invention, there can be provided a semiconductor electrode sensitized by the dye and a dye-sensitized solar cell using the semiconductor electrode.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device comprising a transparent electrically conductive film, a photoelectric conversion film and an electrically conductive film in this order, wherein the photoelectric conversion film comprises a photoelectric conversion layer, and an electron blocking layer, wherein the electron blocking layer contains a compound represented by the specific formula.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (IIa) or (III) and or salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (IIa) or (III) and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, methods of modulating the androgen receptor, methods of treating diseases beneficially treated by an androgen receptor modulator (e.g., sarcopenia, prostate cancer, contraception, type II diabetes related disorders or diseases, anemia, depression, and renal disease) and processes for making compounds of Formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (II), (IIa) or (III) and intermediates useful in the preparation of same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and intermediates useful in the preparation of (R)-2-(7-(4-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid of Formula (Ia) and salts thereof, an S1P1 receptor modulator that is useful in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, diseases and disorders mediated by lymphocytes, transplant rejection, autoimmune diseases and disorders, inflammatory diseases and disorders (e.g., acute and chronic inflammatory conditions), cancer, and conditions characterized by an underlying defect in vascular integrity or that are associated with angiogenesis such as may be pathologic (e.g., as may occur in inflammation, tumor development and atherosclerosis).

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of treatment or prophylaxis of physiological and/or pathological conditions with at least one LHRH antagonist, in particular at least one peptidomimetic LHRH antagonist such that the at least one LHRH antagonist is administered in a dose, which does not cause chemical (hormonal) castration.

Abstract: A carbazole compound in which the 2-position of a dibenzofuran skeleton or a dibenzothiophene skeleton is bonded to the 3-position of a carbazole skeleton and nitrogen of the carbazolyl group is bonded to the 9- or 10-position of an anthracene skeleton directly or via a phenylene group was able to be synthesized. It was found out that the carbazole compound has an excellent carrier-transport property, favorable film quality, and a wide band gap, and can be suitably used as a light-emitting element material and an organic semiconductor material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (3-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-acetic acid derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as described in the description and their use as prostaglandin receptor modulators, most particularly as prostaglandin D2 receptor modulators, in the treatment of various prostaglandin-mediated diseases and disorders, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and to processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Carbazole derivatives of formula (I), useful in treatment of a CNS disorders related to or affected by the 5-HT6 receptor are described. The pharmacological profile of these compounds includes high affinity binding with 5-HT6 receptor along with good selectivity towards the receptor. Stereoisomers, the salts, methods of preparation and medicines containing the carbazole derivatives are also described.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a novel compound having a high carrier mobility and is useful as a charge transporting agent which not only makes it possible to stably form a photosensitive layer without precipitating crystals or without developing pinholes when the photosensitive layer is being formed but also makes it possible to form an organic photosensitive material for electrophotography of a high sensitivity and a low residual potential. [Means for Solution] An indole derivative represented by the following general formula (1), wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups, k is an integer of 0 to 3, j is an integer of 0 to 4, a ring Z is a 5- to 6-membered ring and is, specifically, a cyclopentane ring, and X1 and X2 are hydrocarbon groups having at least one ethylenically unsaturated bond.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be employed in the treatment of a group of disorders and abnormalities associated with amyloid protein, such as Alzheimer's disease, and of diseases or conditions associated with amyloid-like proteins. The compounds of the present invention can also be used in the treatment of ocular diseases associated with pathological abnormalities/changes in the tissues of the visual system. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to the use of these compounds for the preparation of medicaments for treating or preventing diseases or conditions associated with amyloid and/or amyloid-like proteins. A method of treating or preventing diseases or conditions associated with amyloid and/or amyloid-like proteins is also disclosed.

Abstract: The dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell, which dye is a compound classified into melocyanine dyes and has a structure in which an electron donor unit and an electron acceptor unit are connected with conjugated double bonds, provided by this invention, has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent durability, and according to this invention, there can be provided a semiconductor electrode sensitized by the dye and a dye-sensitized solar cell using the semiconductor electrode.

Abstract: Amorphous fullerene derivatives and their use in organic electronic devices that include the fullerene derivative as the electron acceptor component in the device's active layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives of Formula (Ia) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which exhibit useful pharmacological properties, for example, as agonists of the S1P1 receptor. Also provided by the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, and methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of S1P1 receptor-associated disorders, for example, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, transplant rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, type I diabetes, acne, microbial infections or diseases and viral infections or diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound of the formula: to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound of Formula (I); and to methods for treating or preventing hypogonadism, osteoporosis, osteopenia, sarcopenia, cachexia, muscle atrophy, sexual dysfunction or erectile dysfunction, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the formula: Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) in combination with a suitable carrier, diluent, or excipient; and methods for treating physiological disorders, particularly frailty, osteoporosis, osteopenia, and male and female sexual dysfunction comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X1, X2, X3, X4, n, and k are defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or pharmaceutically acceptable esters thereof. The compounds are useful for in the treatment and prophylaxis of diseases which are modulated by LXR? and/or LXR? agonists, including increased lipid and cholesterol levels, particularly low HDL-cholesterol, high LDL-cholesterol, atherosclerotic diseases, diabetes, particularly non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, Alzheimer's disease, sepsis, inflammatory diseases such as colitis, pancreatitis, cholestasis/fibrosis of the liver, and diseases that have an inflammatory component such as Alzheimer's disease or impaired/improvable cognitive function.

Abstract: The syntheses of the natural products, avrainvillamide and stephacidin B, are provided. The ?,?-unsaturated nitrone functionality of avrainvillamide and its 3-alkylidene-3H-indole 1-oxide core is shown to covalently and reversibly bond to heteroatom-based nucleophiles. This capability may allow these molecules to bind active site nucleophiles and may provide the basis for designing potent and selective enzyme inhibitors. Both avrainvillamide and its dimer stephacidin B have been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity, and avrainvillamide has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Avrainvillamide has been found to target cytoskeleton-linking membrane protein (CLIMP-63) thereby preventing cells from undergoing mitosis. The invention provides syntheses of these natural products as well as analogs of these natural products and their functional cores.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) in combination with a suitable carrier, diluent, or excipient; and methods for treating or preventing physiological disorders, particularly reduced bone mass, osteoporosis, osteopenia, reduced muscle mass or strength, or erectile dysfunction comprising administering a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a noble anthracene derivative, a light emitting element with a high luminous efficiency, and further a light emitting element with a long lifetime. It is another object to provide a light emitting device and electronic device with a long lifetime by using the light emitting element. An anthracene derivative represented by General Formula (1) is provided. Since the anthracene derivative represented by General Formula (1) has a high luminous efficiency, when the anthracene derivative is used for a light emitting element, the light emitting element can have a high luminous efficiency. Further, when the anthracene derivative represented by General Formula (1) is used for a light emitting element, the light emitting element can have a long lifetime.

Abstract: Norbornene monomers with fluorene group and polymer material thereof are disclosed. The norbornene monomers with fluorene group are prepared by Diels-Alder reation. The Norbornene monomers containing fluorene groups are highly active for ring-opening-metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and the molecular weight and PDI value of the obtained polymers are controllable.

Abstract: A variety of diseases and disorders associated with the metabolic pathways involved in the activities of cyclooxygenase and the synthesis of prostaglandins, for example type 2 diabetes mellitus and its sequelae, ischemic vascular diseases, pain associated with inflammation, inflammatory skin conditions, spinal cord injury, peripheral neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as various types of cancer may be treated or prevented by the use of an agent which selectively enhances production of 15-deoxy-prostaglandin J2.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carvedilol of formula (I) (I) either in enantiomeric substantially pure form, or as an enantiomeric mixture, optionally as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which process comprises reacting 2,3-eopxypropoxy carbazole of formula (II) (II) or the R or S enantiomer thereof, with N-[2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)ethyl]-benzylamine of formula (V) (V) to yield benzyl carvedilol of formula (VI) (VI) which is debenzylated by catalytic hydrogenation to yield carvedilol of formula (I), either in enantiomeric substantially pure form, or as an enantiomeric mixture, and if desired reacting the thus formed carvedilol of formula (I) with an inorganic or organic acid to yield a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or, if desired, separating the enantiomers. The above process is characterised in that reaction of said 2,3-epoxypropoxy carbazole of formula (II) with said N-[2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)ethyl]-benzylamine of formula (V) is carried out in water as the reaction medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rapid, high-yielding process for preparing 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-methylene-4H-carbazol-4-one from 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-4H-carbazol-4-one without using a secondary amine as a catalyst, and without using glacial acetic acid as a solvent. The present invention further provides a rapid, high-yielding process for preparing ondansetron from 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-methylene-4H-carbazol-4-one without using alumina as a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the formula: Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) in combination with a suitable carrier, diluent, or excipient; and methods for treating physiological disorders, particularly frailty, osteoporosis, osteopenia, and male and female sexual dysfunction comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds of formula (1) wherein R is hydrogen or a linear or branched C1-40alkyl; where X is O, S, or NR1 where R1 is a hydrogen, a linear or branched C1-40 alkyl, C2-40 alkenyl or C2-40 alkynyl group, an aryl, a heteroaryl or C1-40 alkylaryl or alkylheteroaryl group and where one or both of C and D is OR2, SR2, NR3R4 where R2, R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, a linear or branched C1-40 alkyl, C2-40 alkenyl or C2-40 alkynyl group, an aryl or C1-40 alkylaryl group or a linear or branched C1-40 alkyl NR5R6 chain where R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, a linear or branched C1-40 alkyl; or an optionally complex metal ion Mn+/n wherein n is an integer from 1 to 8; or where one or both of C and D are amino acids or nucleic acids attached via either N, O or S; and wherein m is an integer from 1 to 8; and wherein either: I) A is a known aryl or heteroaryl fluorescent group and B is hydrogen, a linear or branched C1-40 alkyl, C2-40 alkenyl or C2- 40 alkynyl group, an ar

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that are useful in the treatment of human papillomaviruses, and also to the methods for the making and use of such compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic dye having a specific structure, a photoelectric conversion material containing the dye, a semiconductor electrode formed of a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a semiconductor layer coated on the electrically conductive surface and the above dye adsorbed on the surface, and a photoelectric conversion device to which the above dye is applied. The present invention uses the above dye and can therefore provide a photoelectric conversion device excellent in photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the photoelectric conversion device is suitable for use in a solar cell or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides an asymmetric hydrogenation process for the preparation of chiral cycloalkanoindole DP receptor antagonists in high enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: The syntheses of the natural products, avrainvillamide and stephacidin B, are provided. The ?,?-unsaturated nitrone functionality of avrainvillamide and its 3-alkylidene-3H-indole 1-oxide core is shown to covalently and reversibly bond to heteroatom-based nucleophiles. This capability may allow these molecules to bind active site nucleophiles and may provide the basis for designing potent and selective enzyme inhibitors. Both avrainvillamide and its dimer stephacidin B have been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity, and avrainvillamide has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Avrainvillamide has been found to target cytoskeleton-linking membrane protein (CLIMP-63) thereby preventing cells from undergoing mitosis. The invention provides syntheses of these natural products as well as analogs of these natural products and their functional cores.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparation of 1-[9H-carbazol-4-yloxy]-3-[{2-(2-(methoxy)phenoxy)-ethyl}-amino]-propan-2-ol,a compound of formula 1 in racemic form or in the form of optically active R or S enantiomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, comprising, reacting 4-(oxiranylmethoxy)-9H-carbazole, a compound of formula (2) or the R or S enantiomer thereof with a compound of formula (5), wherein R1 is benzyl or substituted benzyl group, in an aprotic organic solvent in presence of a catalyst to obtain a compound of formula (6), or the R or S enantiomer thereof, wherein R1 is as defined above. The resultant compound of formula (6) is subjected to debenzylation reaction by catalytic hydrogenation to obtain the compound of formula (1), if desired converting the resultant compound of formula (1) to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A material for organic electroluminescence devices of the invention which is for use in combination with at least one phosphorescent metal complex has a specific heterocyclic structure. The material for organic electroluminescence devices is used as a host material or a hole transporting material. An organic electroluminescence device having an anode, a cathode and an organic thin film layer having one or more layers which is interposed between the anode and cathode, in which at least one layer of the organic thin film layer contains the material for organic electroluminescence devices, has a high emitting efficiency, causes little pixel defects, is excellent in heat resistance, and shows a long lifetime.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cost-effective, industrially feasible process for the manufacture of crystalline Carvedilol Form-II using novel Carvedilol salts comprising a step of reacting 4-(2,3-epoxy propoxy)carbazole (II) with 2-(2-methoxy phenoxy)ethyl amine (III) followed by acidification with mineral acid in presence of an organic solvent to yield acid addition salts, treatment of the said salts with base(s) in presence of organic solvent(s), water and isolation from the organic solvent(s) followed by crystallization from ethyl acetate.

Abstract: Tricyclic compounds containing a cyclopropyl carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative (e.g. amide) fused to a bicyclic ring, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, are agonists of G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) and are useful as therapeutic compounds, particularly in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and of conditions that are often associated with this disease, including obesity and lipid disorders, such as mixed or diabetic dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that are useful in the treatment of human papillomaviruses, and also to the methods for the making and use of such compounds.

Abstract: An anthracene derivative and an organic electroluminescent device using the same are provided. More specifically, provided are an anthracene derivative represented by Formula 1: wherein each R1 is aryl; and each R2 is independently C6-C20 aryl or C3-C19 heteroaryl, which are unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, cyano, C1-C10 alkylamino, C1-C10 alkylsilyl, halogen, C6-C10 aryl, C6-C10 aryloxy, C6-C10 arylamino, C6-C10 arylsilyl, C3-C19 heteroaryl and hydrogen; and an organic electroluminescent device using the same. The present invention can provide an organic electroluminescent device having excellent power and luminance efficiencies in conjunction with a long service life.