Abstract: The present invention includes novel compounds and compositions including heteroaromatic Silicon-Fluoride-Acceptors, which are useful for PET scanning. The present invention further includes a novel method of 18F imaging for PET scanning, the method comprising the preparation of conjugates and bioconjugates of biological ligands of interest with heteroaromatic SiFAs. In one embodiment the invention is practiced in the form of a kit.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to TAK1 inhibitors, compositions, and uses related thereto. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions having a compound of formula (I), and methods of treating or preventing cancer by administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition having a compound of formula (I) to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: There is provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (7): wherein R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; provides that R is not a compound of Formula (a): wherein Ra represents an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably an isopropyl group; Rb represents an aryl group, preferably a 4-fluorophenyl group; Rc represents hydrogen, a protecting group or an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group; and Rd represents hydrogen, a protecting group or a SO2Re group where Re is an alkyl group, such as a C1-16 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing a crystal of a (2R,4R)Monatin multivalent metal salt that has a good sweetness property and is excellent in storage stability. Specifically, the present invention provides the method of producing the crystal of the (2R,4R)Monatin multivalent metal salt comprising allowing an aldehyde or one or two or more enzymes capable of forming (2R,4R)Monatin from (2S,4R)Monatin to be acted on an aqueous solution containing the (2S,4R)Monatin in the presence of a multivalent metal ion to obtain the crystal of the (2R,4R)Monatin multivalent metal salt. The aldehyde may preferably be an aromatic aldehyde. The one or two or more enzyme may preferably be a racemase or one or more aminotransferases. The multivalent metal may preferably be a bivalent alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfonated unsymmetrical pentamethine optical dye compositions, especially dyes suitable for biological applications in vitro, and for in vivo imaging. Improved dye compositions and intermediates are provided, which enable the suppression of undesirable newly-identified impurities. Also provided is the use of the improved dye compositions in the preparation of conjugates with biological targeting molecules.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of the high intensity sweetener, monatin, 3-(1-amino-1,3-dicarboxy-3-hydroxy-but-4-yl)indole, its salts and internal condensation products thereof, including methods applicable to the large-scale production of monatin are described.

Abstract: Hydroxyamides are synthesized from esters. A process of making hydroxyalkyl amides comprises: reacting an ester with a hydroxyalkyl amine having the formula H2N—R3—OH wherein R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C5 alkyl, in the presence of a catalyst in an anhydrous solution to form the hydroxyalkyl amides. Monomers suitable for formation of polymeric articles can utilize these hydroxyamides.

Abstract: Substantially pure 3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid free acid is synthesized by converting the free acid to 3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid calcium salt (3-IPA calcium), precipitating and washing, and then reconverting the 3-IPA calcium to the free acid. 3-IPA calcium is suitable for use in pharmaceutical compositions in tablet and sustained-release dosage forms. 3-IPA calcium can be used to inhibit the cytotoxic effects of amyloid beta protein on cells, to treat fibrillogenic diseases in a mammal, and to treat diseases or conditions in which free radicals or oxidative stress plays a role.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of fluvastatin or pharmaceutical acceptable salts or derivatives thereof, in particular to a one-pot process for large scale production of Fluvastatin and salts thereof in high yield and high purity and pharmaceutical preparations containing said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides calcium salts of indole derived statins of the formula wherein R1 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl; R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen or alkyl; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy or aralkoxy; and the hydroxyl group at the 3-position is in the R-configuration and at the 5-position in the S-configuration; or an enantiomer thereof; or a hydrate thereof; as obtainable by the methods of the present invention. More specifically, the invention provides a calcium salt of formula IA wherein R1 is isopropyl, R2 is fluorine and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, designated herein as Fluvastatin calcium, in a highly crystalline form. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to methods for the preparation of the crystalline Fluvastatin calcium, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline form.

Abstract: Glutamic acid derivatives, in particular monatin, may be conveniently prepared by alkylating a 4-protected hydroxyl pyroglutamic acid derivative with an alkylating agent to prepare a 4-protected hydroxyl-4-alkylglutamic acid derivative, followed by the steps of hydrolysis and deprotection. The 4-protected hydroxyl pyroglutamic acid derivative is easy to produce from hydroxyproline. The 4-protected hydroxyl pyroglutamic acid derivative is particularly suitable for use in the efficient manufacture of monatin of high optical purity, since it can be alkylated selectively at the 4-position and stereoselectively and after its alkylation, it can easily be converted to a glutamic acid derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes of producing glutamic acid compounds, for example, monatin, which are useful as, for example, production intermediates for sweetener or pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of fluvastatin sodium and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an aromatic unsaturated compound of the formula (4) wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aromatic group or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group, and Y represents an electron withdrawing group, which comprises reacting (a) a compound of the formula (1) Ar—H??(1) wherein Ar has the same meaning as defined above with (b) a compound of the formula (2) wherein Y has the same meaning as defined above, and Z represents a lower alkoxy, or a compound of the formula (3) wherein Y and Z have the same meanings as defined above, in the presence of (c) an acid or a compound which generates a mineral acid by its hydrolysis.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of fluvastatin sodium and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing efficiently glutamic acid derivatives (including salts thereof) such as monatin by converting a substituted ?-keto acid of formula (1) into a glutamic acid derivative of formula (2) in the presence of an enzyme catalyzing conversion of the same

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel anhydrous amorphous forms of bis[(E)[4-(4-fluorophenyl)isopropyl[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]pyrimidinyl](3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept enoic acid]calcium salt (rosuvastatin calcium), (±)7-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)3,5-dihydroxy heptenoic acid monosodium salt (fluvastatin sodium) and bis[(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[4?-(4?-fluorophenyl)-2?-cyclopropyl-quinolin-3?-hept-6-enoic acid]calcium salt (pitavastatin calcium), to processes for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to methods of treatment using the same. The rosuvastatin calcium, pitavastatin calcium and fluvastatin sodium obtained are known valuable agents useful in treating hyperlipidemia and hypercholestrolemia.

Abstract: A novel synthesis reaction for highly stereospecific tri- and tetra-substituted olefins is described. A single stereoisomer of stable ?-halo-?,?-ester is produced in high yield by the reaction of aldehyde or ketone with a trihalogenated compound such as trichloroacetate in the presence of CrCl2 in a solvent. By varying the amount of CrCl2 used, the stable dihalohydrin intermediate may be obtained as well.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the efficient preparation of indole derivatives of the formula wherein X is methyl or benzyl; and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aralkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryl or heteroaryl; or R1 and R2 combined together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a fused 6-membered aromatic ring; by reacting indoles of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 have meanings as defined for formula I, with dimethyl carbonate when X is methyl, or with dibenzyl carbonate when X is benzyl, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base at an ambient temperature to afford compounds of formula I wherein X, R1, R2, R3 and R4 have meanings as defined herein above. In particular, the present invention provides methylation and benzylation of the indole nitrogen in nearly quantitative yields using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the efficient preparation of indole derivatives of the formula wherein X is methyl or benzyl; and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aralkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryl or heteroaryl; or R1 and R2 combined together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a fused 6-membered aromatic ring; by reacting indoles of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 have meanings as defined for formula I, with dimethyl carbonate when X is methyl, or with dibenzyl carbonate when X is benzyl, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base at an ambient temperature to afford compounds of formula I wherein X, R1, R2, R3 and R4 have meanings as defined herein above. In particular, the present invention provides methylation and benzylation of the indole nitrogen in nearly quantitative yields using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing chiral diol sulfones of the structure where R3 is preferably where R4a is preferably aryl such as phenyl, and R1a is preferably alkyl such as t-butyl, which are intermediates used in preparing HMG CoA reductase inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides novel substituted 3-pyridyl indoles and indazoles and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The invention also provides methods of use of substituted 3-pyridyl indoles and indazoles and pharmaceutical compositions thereof as inhibitors of lyases, e.g., the 17&agr;-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase enzyme. The invention further provides methods for the treatment of cancer in a subject, comprising administering a substituted 3-pyridyl indoles and indazoles or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a substituted 3-pyridyl indoles and indazoles to a subject. The cancer can be, e.g., prostate cancer or breast cancer.

Abstract: Novel compounds are provided having the structural formula R[—N(NO2)—L—R1]n wherein R, L, R1 and n are defined herein. The compounds are useful in a variety of contexts, but are primarily to be used as high energy oxidizing agents in explosive compositions, propellant formulations, gas-generating compositions and the like. The compounds are also useful as pharmaceutical agents. Compositions containing the compounds are also provided, including energetic compositions, as are methods for using the novel compounds and compositions.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4-hydroxy carbazoles useful as intermediates for preparing compounds that are useful for inhibiting sPLA2 and novel intermediates.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a methylated indole compounds of the formula: where R1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, —OCH3, —NO2, —CHO, —CO2CH3, and —CN, and R2 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl, —CO2CH3, —CN, —CHO, —NH2, —N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, —(CH2)nCOOH, and —(CH2)nCN, where n is an integer from 1 to 4, inclusive, involves reacting a compound of the formula: with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of a base or a catalyst at ambient pressure.

Abstract: The present application describes amidinoindoles, amidinoazoles, and analogs thereof of formula I: ##STR1## wherein W, W.sup.1, W.sup.2, and W.sup.3 are selected from CH and N, provided that one of W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 is C(C(.dbd.NH)NH.sub.2) and at most two of W, W.sup.1, W.sup.2, and W.sup.3 are N and one of J.sup.a and J.sup.b is substituted by --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Z--A--B, which are useful as inhibitors of factor Xa or thrombin.

Abstract: Novel 1-alkyl-, 1-alkenyl-, and 1-alkynylaryl-2-amino-1,3-propanediols, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods of reducing inflammation and cell proliferation, and relieving memory dysfunction, and inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 3-(3-carboxypropyl)-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I), characterized in that 6-carboethoxy-6-p-methoxyphenylhydrazonohexanoic acid (II) is cyclized using a carboxylic acid which contains 1-3 carbon atoms, the resulting mixture comprising I, the two I monoethyl esters and I diethyl ester is treated with a strong inorganic base, and the resulting salt is converted into the free acid I by treatment with a strong acid.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein one of R and R.sub.o is ##STR2## and the other is primary or secondary C.sub.1-6 alkyl not containing an asymmetric carbon atom, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl or phenyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.m --,whereinR.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-3 alkyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, C.sub.1-3 alkoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, chloro, phenoxy or benzyloxy,R.sub.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-3 alkyl, C.sub.1-3 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, chloro, phenoxy or benzyloxy,R.sub.5a is hydrogen, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-2 alkoxy, fluoro or chloro, andm is 1, 2 or 3, with the provisos that both R.sub.5 and R.sub.5a must be hydrogen when R.sub.4 is hydrogen, R.sub.5a must be hydrogen when R.sub.5 is hydrogen, not more than one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is trifluoromethyl, not more than one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is phenoxy, and not more than one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is benzyloxy,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-3 alkyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing compounds of the formula ##STR1## utilizing, as intermediates, oxalyl chloride or bromide and compounds of the formulae R.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--CHO and CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--O--R.sub.10 are processes for synthesizing compounds of the formula ##STR2## utilizing, as intermediates, compounds of Formula I wherein R.sub.1 is phenyl or substituted phenyl or intermediates in the synthesis of the compounds of formula I which intermediates have the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-3 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by 1 to 3 substituents each of which is independently C.sub.1-3 alkyl, C.sub.1-3 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro, bromo or nitro (maximum of two nitro groups),R.sub.2 is C.sub.1-3 alkyl,R.sub.10 is C.sub.1-6 alkyl,X.sup..crclbar. is chloride or bromide, andR.sub.3 -R.sub.6 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Indole derivatives of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is carboxy(lower)alkyl or protected carboxy(lower)alkyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or lower alkyl,R.sup.5 is ar(lower)alkyl which may have suitable substituent(s), andA is carbonyl, sulfonyl or lower alkylene, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful as a testosterone 5.alpha.-reductase inhibitor.

Abstract: 3-indolepyruvic acid derivatives substituted on the benzene moiety show good antagonizing activity on excitatory aminoacids and on free radicals, for which reason they are therapeutic agents in cerebral and peripheral degenerative pathologies. Their method of production by passage through the corresponding substituted triptophane.

Abstract: A novel compound--ethyl 6-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-dimethylaminomethyl-1-methyl-2-phenylthiomethylindole- 3- carboxylate hydrochloride monohydrate having the following formula: ##STR1## A process for preparing the compound according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises treating ethyl 5-acetoxy-1,2-dimethylindole-3-carboxylate with a brominating agent in an inert organic solvent under reflux, reacting the resultant ethyl 5-acetoxy-6-bromo-2-bromomethyl-1-methylindole-3-carboxylate with thiophenol in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide or its alcoholate in an organic solvent, reacting the resultant ethyl 6-bromo-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenylthiomethylindole-3-carboxylate with an aminomethylating agent in an organic solvent at a temperature of from 65.degree. C. to a temperature of refluxing the reaction mixture. The end product is then isolated from the resultant base--ethyl 6-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-dimethylaminomethyl-1-methyl-2-phenylthiomethylindole- 3- carboxylate.

Abstract: An indole having the formula I: ##STR1## is prepared by a Fischer-Indole reaction employing a mixture of phosphorous pentoxide and methane sulfonic acid as an acid catalyst. The reaction, which is optionally run in a co-solvent, provides 3-unsubstituted indoles in high yields with high regioselectivity. The indole thus prepared is an intermediate in the synthesis of leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of 3-(1-amino-1,3-dicarboxy-3-hydroxy-but-4-yl) indole and certain salts and internal condensation products thereof. An unsaturated indolyl ester is reacted with ethylchloro(hydroxyimino)acetate in the presence of triethylamine in an organic solvent to cause a 1,3-dipolar addition reaction to form a di-ester. The di-ester is saponified to form a di-acid which di-acid is then reduced to form either the product indole or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing an indole derivative of the tryptamine type particularly melatonine, comprising the steps of 1) reacting potassium phthalimide and 1,3-di-bromopropane to obtain 3-bromopropylphthalimide; 2) reacting 3-bromopropylphthalimide with sodium acetoacetic ester in ethanol to obtain ethyl-2-acetyl-5-phthalimidopentanoate; 3) reacting the product from step 2) with diazo-p-anisidine to obtain 2-carboxyethyl-3-(2-phthalimidoethyl)-5-methoxy-indole; 4) reacting the 2-carboxyethyl-3-(2-phthalimidoethyl)-5-methoxy-indole with 2N/NaOH and then 20% H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to obtain impure 5-methoxytriptamine, which is purified by means of hexamethyldisilazane. The mono and disubstituted derivatives are obtained and the monosubstituted derivative is hydrolyzed with aqueous methanol and then recrystallized from ethanol. The N-acetyl derivative is prepared by reaction with acetic anhydride. Melatonine of high purity is obtained for prophylaxy and also against AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome).

Abstract: Process for the synthesis of compounds of the formula ##STR1## comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of the formula ##STR2## with oxalyl chloride or oxalyl bromide to form the corresponding compound of the formula ##STR3## (ii) reacting said compound of the formula ##STR4## with a compound of the formula ##STR5## to form the corresponding compound of the formula ##STR6## (iii) hydrolyzing said compound of the formula ##STR7## to obtain the corresponding compound of the formula ##STR8## the use of the compounds of the formula ##STR9## for the synthesis of the compounds of the formula ##STR10## and the use of the intermediates of Formula VII for the direct synthesis of the compounds of Formula II,whereinR.sub.1 is C.sub.1-3 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by 1 to 3 substituents each of which is independently C.sub.1-3 alkyl, C.sub.1-3 alkoxy, fluoro, chloro, bromo or nitro (maximum of two nitro groups),R.sub.

Abstract: A method according to the invention comprises mixing the starting biologically active organic compound, an inorganic vehicle and a catalyst in the form of a platinum-group metal, followed by reacting the resulting mixture with an isotope of hydrogen at a temperature of 373-523 K. and cooling the reaction mixture to a temperature of 288-303 K. and isolation of the desired product therefrom. The invention can be useful, for example, in medical and biological studies.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel processes and intermediates for the preparation of 5-amino-4-hydroxyvaleric acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, sulphinyl, sulphonyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, and R.sup.3 represents optionally substituted hydroxy or amino, by sigmatropic rearrangement of a suitable allyl ester, halolactonization of the resulting .gamma.,.delta.-unsaturated acid or of a suitable derivative thereof, exchange of halogen for a nitrogen-containing nucleophile, opening of the lactone ring and freeing of the amino group. Compounds of the formula I are starting materials for the preparation of renin-inhibitors which have an anti-hypertensive action.

Abstract: .beta.-Alkylmelatonins are useful as ovulation inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to new 4-hydroxyindole derivatives of general formula: ##STR1## in which R represents a labile protective group and R.sub.1 can represent hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl radical, a lower alkoxy radical, a lower hydroxyalkyl radical, a lower (lower alkoxy) alkyl radical, a phenyl radical optionally substituted with a halogen atom or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy radical, a cyano radical, a radical of formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, each represent hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical, R.sub.4 represents a hydroxy group, a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy radical or a radical ##STR3## in which R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 have the same meaning as above, R.sub.5 represents a lower alkyl radical and Alk represents a single bond or a straight- or branched-chain alkylene radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for the production of substituted 1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indole-1-acetic acids having useful analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: Production of indole derivatives characterized by having a 1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indole-1-acetic acid nucleus bearing a substituent in position 1 and 4. The nucleus may be optionally substituted at positions 5, 6, 7 and 8. The derivatives are useful anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents and methods for their preparation and use are also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for the production of substituted 1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indole-1-acetic acids having useful analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: Tryptophan and esters thereof, and other indoleaminoacids, can be easily transformed into respective alpha-ketoacids through a coupling reaction with aromatic aldehydes, in the presence of a dehydrating agent.

Abstract: The compound characterized by the structural Formula I: ##STR1## is therapeutically useful as an anti-hypertensive agent. A process for the preparation of the compound having Formula I and their synthetic intermediates is described. One of the synthetic intermediates is the compound characterized by the structural Formula: ##STR2## which is also therapeutically useful as an anti-hypertensive agent.

Abstract: Analgesic activity is exhibited by compounds having the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, carboxyalkyl, halosubstituted alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, mercaptoalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, (cycloalkyl)alkyl, (heteroaryl)alkyl, arylalkyl, carbamoylalkyl, guanidinylalkyl, or heteroaryl, and R.sub.3 is hydroxymethylene or carbonyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing .alpha.-hydroxy-acids of general formula: ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical and Cy represents a phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic radical, these latter three radicals optionally comprising one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower alkoxy radicals and halogen atoms, process which comprises the treatment of an .alpha.-monohalogenated ketone of general formula: ##STR2## in which R and Cy have the same meaning as above and X represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, in the presence of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, a non-polar organic solvent selected from an aromatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon and oxygen in excess optionally in the presence of an inert gas, the treatment being carried out at a temperature ranging from the boiling temperature of the reaction medium at atmospheric pressure and 240.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n denotes 0 or 1,R denotes hydrogen, alkyl or aralky, R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen or alkyl, which can optionally be substituted by amino, acylamino or benzoylamino, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or partially hydrogenated aryl, which each can be substituted by alkyl, alkoxy or halogen, arylalkyl or aroylalkyl, both of which can be substituted in the aryl radical as defined in the aforegoing, a monocyclic or bicyclic sulfur or oxygen and/or nitrogen heterocyclic radical, or a side chain of a naturally occurring aminoacid, R.sup.

Abstract: Convenient intermediates for preparing 3-substituted-2-hydroxypropyl aryl ether .beta.-blockers, a reaction to the intermediates of the following formula and a conversion to obtain the said .beta.-blockers are disclosed. ##STR1## (wherein X is hydrogen or halogen;Y is halogen, hydroxy, lower acyloxy, amino, lower alkylamino, lower aralkylamino, lower acylamino, di-lower alkylamino, lower alkyleneamino, N-lower alkyl-N-lower aralkylamino, di-lower acylamino, N-lower alkyl-N-lower acylamino or N-tri-lower alkylsilylamino;one of P and R combined together with Q represents lower alkylene or alkenylene optionally interrupted by O, N or S and optionally substituted by lower alkyl, lower aralkyl, lower carboxylic acyl, carboxy, protected carboxy; hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower acyloxy, oxo; amino, lower alkylamino, lower acylamino, nitro, nitroso, lower alkylthio, lower sulfonic acyl or halogen;and the remaining R or P is hydrogen or halogen;and dotted line represents the presence of one or two double bonds).