Abstract: A battery can include a separator, a first current collector, a protective layer, and a first electrode. The first current collector and the protective layer can be disposed on one side of the separator. The first electrode can be disposed on an opposite side of the separator as the first current collector and the protective layer. Subjecting the battery to an activation process can cause metal to be extracted from the first electrode and deposited between the first current collector and the protective layer. The metal can be deposited to at least form a second electrode between the first current collector and the protective layer.

Abstract: An inkjet recording method comprising: shooting to a recording medium an active-light-ray-curable inkjet ink including a photopolymerizable compound, a wax, a photopolymerization initiator, and a coloring material, and that undergoes reversible sol-gel phase transition relative to temperature; and curing the ink by irradiating an active light ray to the ink that has been shot to the recording medium, wherein the ink including a (meta) acrylate compound (B) having a molecular weight of 300-1500 and a ClogP value within the range 4.0 to 7.0, the wax content being 1.0-10 percent by mass of the total mass of the ink, and the temperature of the recording medium at active light ray irradiation being set such that the saturation solubility of the wax with respect to the ink constitutes 0.5 percent by mass or less. According to this image-forming method, blooming is suppressed.

Abstract: Provided is a photocurable inkjet ink including a curable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, a gelling agent, a colorant, and a curable oligomer. The photocurable inkjet ink is characterized in that the curable oligomer has from two to twenty functional groups, that the glass transition temperature thereof is 40.degree. C. or higher, and that the curable oligomer content is from 2 to 20% by mass relative to the mass of the ink as a whole.

Abstract: Provided is an actinic radiation-curable inkjet ink that undergoes sol-gel phase transfer and contains a dye, a gelling agent, a photopolymerization compound and a photopolymerization initiator. The actinic radiation-curable inkjet ink includes a photopolymerizable compound A, which is a (meth)acrylate having hydroxyl groups; a photopolymerizable compound B, which is a (meth)acrylate compound having a molecular weight within a range of 300 to 1,500 and an intramolecular structure (—CH2—CH2—O—)m (where m is an integer between 3 and 14); and a (meth)acrylate compound C, which has a molecular weight within a range of 280 to 1,500 and a C log P value within a range of 4 to 7. The ink contains, in terms of the mass of the entire ink, 1 to 15 mass % of photopolymerizable compound A, 30 to 70 mass % of photopolymerizable compound B, 10 to 40 mass % of photopolymerizable compound C, and 2 to 10 mass % of gelling agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compound of the formula I or a tribologically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or proadditive thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R4 are as defined herein. Such novel pyrrolidine, or succinimide, derivatives may be useful as friction modifiers in lubricant compositions. This disclosure also relates to a method of using such friction modifier compounds in lubricating fluid formulations to lubricate machine parts, including gear, axle, engine, and transmission parts, and to lubricant compositions containing such friction modifier compounds.

Abstract: A process provides for producing chiral prostacyclin derivatives of Formula (I) in high yield from meso anhydrides.

Abstract: A multipurpose chemical additives (MPC) is disclosed to mitigate fouling in hydrocarbon refinery processes, such as in a heat exchanger. A method for reducing fouling of a hydrocarbon is also disclosed that includes (i) providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and (ii) adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Chemical crosslinkers and methods of their synthesis are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a macromolecular dispersant and a synthesis method thereof, and the dispersant is synthesized by reacting polyisobutylene-g-succinic anhydride with amine compounds. In addition, the present invention also provides an oil-soluble dispersant composition with nano particle pigments and the manufacturing method thereof. The oil-soluble dispersant composition is manufactured by milling a macromolecular dispersant with a pigment and a grinding media. The oil-soluble dispersant composition is adequate for various pigments, shows the excellent immiscibility of oil/water interface, and owns the low viscosity of ?4 cps and the optical density of ink ?1.1. Therefore, the oil-soluble dispersant of the present invention for the nano particle pigment can be acted as the material of the electrowetting display.

Abstract: An isotope labeled asymmetric cross-linker is provided for the detection of cross-linked peptides. A cross-linking and mass spectrometry strategy, referred to as isotope tagging of interacting proteins (iTIP), improves the specificity of detecting cross-linked peptides and accurate identification of the interacting peptide sequences via the incorporation of isotopic signatures that are readily observed in the MS/MS spectrum. Isotope tagged peptides can be identified using mass spectrometry based on doublet peaks in a spectrum. Spectra can be subjected to database search strategies available for the sequencing of linear or non-cross-linked peptides.

Abstract: A clickable cross-linker compound provides an easily scanned reporter ion for effective and efficient cross-linking and identification of intermolecular and intramolecular interactions of proteins and peptides.

Abstract: The present invention provides amorphous maleimide-bismaleimide hybrid mixtures and methods for synthesizing such mixtures by condensation of diamine compounds with maleic anhydride along with one or more additional anhydrides. The invention provides a route to get passed the high melting point and the solubility issues of bismaleimide resins, yet to still obtain the good thermo-mechanical properties of these valuable molecules.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that a remarkable improvement in the performance of maleimide thermosets can be achieved by incorporating amide-extended maleimides into an adhesive formulation. Amide-extended maleimides described herein can be used to toughen bismaleimide thermosetting materials without sacrificing any thermal stability. Amide-extended maleimides are readily prepared by reacting a bismaleimide with an appropriate amine via the well-known Michael addition reaction. Acylation of the resulting secondary amines provides the amide-extended maleimide. The acylating agent can also be used to introduce polymerizable functional groups into the backbones of these thermoset monomers. Amide-extended acrylate and methacrylate monomers can also be prepared.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for stabilizing polymers with oligomeric carbodiimides containing at least one heterocyclic end group and stabilizers. The oligomeric carbodiimides may be compounds of the general formula (I): where A1, A2 are each independently, identically or differently, hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, B1, B2 are each independently, identically or differently, heterocycles, C1-C30-alcohols, polyetherols, polyesterols, amines, polyether amines, polyester amines, thioalcohols, polyether thiols, polyester thiols; R1, R2 are each independently, identically or differently: n is an integer from 2 to 100, and A1, A2, B1 and B2 may each be substituted at any desired position by C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C2-C20-alkynyl, C1-C20-alkoxy, carbonyl oxygen (?O) or halogen, with the proviso that at least one B1 or B2 substituent is a heterocyclic end group. The invention also relates to compositions of the oligomeric carbodiimides and mixtures.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compound of the formula I or a tribologically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or proadditive thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R4 are as defined herein. Such novel pyrrolidine, or succinimide, derivatives may be useful as friction modifiers in lubricant compositions. This disclosure also relates to a method of using such friction modifier compounds in lubricating fluid formulations to lubricate machine parts, including gear, axle, engine, and transmission parts, and to lubricant compositions containing such friction modifier compounds.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that a remarkable improvement in the performance of maleimide thermosets can be achieved by incorporating amide-extended maleimides into an adhesive formulation. Amide-extended maleimides described herein can be used to toughen bismaleimide thermosetting materials without sacrificing any thermal stability. Amide-extended maleimides are readily prepared by reacting a bismaleimide with an appropriate amine via the well-known Michael addition reaction. Acylation of the resulting secondary amines provides the amide-extended maleimide. The acylating agent can also be used to introduce polymerizable functional groups into the backbones of these thermoset monomers. Amide-extended acrylate and methacrylate monomers can also be prepared.

Abstract: UV-absorbing compounds are disclosed that are derived from at least: (a) a UV absorber having at least one hydroxyl group, primary amine group, or secondary amine group, (b) a coupling agent having anhydride functionality, and (c) a graft host comprising an unsaturated fatty acid. These compounds absorb, scatter, deflect, or scatter ultraviolet radiation in a variety of personal care and performance chemical applications. R? and R?? are alkyl or alkenyl groups that naturally occur in oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition containing a particulate solid, a plastic material (such as a thermoplastic polymer) and a compound containing an amide group. The compound is capable of being a dispersant. The invention further relates to novel compounds, and the use of the compound as a dispersant.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) wherein m and n are independently of one another a number from 1 to 50; the ratio of m/n is 1:10 to 10:1, the recurring units X can have the same definition or different definitions, the recurring units Y can have the same definition or different definitions and the recurring units X and Y can have a random, alternating or block distribution; the recurring unit X is a group of the formula (I-a) and the recurring unit Y is a group of the formula (I-b) the radicals R1 independently of one another are C1-C12alkyl or C3-C12cycloalkyl; the radicals R2 and R4 are independently of one another C12-C30alkyl; the radicals R3 are independently of one another hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl or C3-C12cycloalkyl.

Abstract: The invention provides epoxy and oxetane compositions including the novel acyloxy and N-acyl curing agents described herein. Use of invention curing agents result in cured adhesive compositions with remarkably increased adhesion and reduced hydrophilicity when compared to resins cured with other types of curing agents. Furthermore, the curatives of this invention do not interfere with free-radical cure and are thus suited for use in hybrid cure thermoset compositions.

Abstract: A method for producing a curing agent having an acidic substituent and an unsaturated maleimido group, including reacting, in an organic solvent, a maleimide compound (a) having at least two N-substituted maleimido groups in a molecule thereof with an amine compound (b) having an acidic substituent (represented by formula (I) below); a thermosetting resin composition containing the curing agent (A) produced through the method and a compound (B) which is cured with the curing agent, wherein a cured product of the composition has a glass transition temperature of 200° C. or higher; and a prepreg and a laminated sheet produced therefrom. The thermosetting resin composition can produce a prepreg or laminated sheet exhibiting excellent performance suitable for a printed wiring board for electronic devices and similar devices.

Abstract: Novel cross-linking compounds that can be used in mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry to facilitate structural analysis of proteins and protein complexes are provided and have the formula: where X is an N-hydroxy-succinimidyl or similar heterocyclic group. Also provided is a method of mapping protein-protein interactions of protein complexes using various mass spectrometry techniques.

Abstract: Among other aspects, provided herein is a mixed-acid salt of a water-soluble polymer-drug conjugate, along with related methods of making and using the same. The mixed-salt acid salt is stably formed, and appears to be more resistant to hydrolytic degradation than the corresponding predominantly pure acid salt or free base forms of the polymer-drug conjugate. The mixed acid salt is reproducibly prepared and recovered, and provides surprising advantages over non-mixed acid salt forms of the water-soluble polymer drug conjugate.

Abstract: Zwitterion-containing compounds for the modification of hydrophobic molecules to improve their solubility and/or to lower their non-specific binding as provided. The zwitterion-containing compounds may be suitable for modification of detectable labels such as biotin and fluorescein to improve their solubility. The zwitterion-containing compounds may also be useful for the preparation of conjugates of proteins, peptides and other macromolecules or for crosslinking molecules and/or macromolecules.

Abstract: Some embodiments of this invention include methods for treating disease and methods for administering a compound of Formula (I). In some aspects of the invention, diseases can be treated by administration of compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I). Pharmaceutical compositions of some embodiments of the present invention comprise a compound of Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides single chain antibody-directed polymeric prodrugs containing multifunctional linkers. Methods of making the polymeric delivery systems and methods of treating mammals using the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel ?-sulfonimide compound having at least one imide group and at least one sulfonyl group and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thickener which allows grease having an excellent durability in a high-temperature and high-speed condition to be produced, the grease containing the thickener, a method of producing the thickener and the grease, and a grease-packed bearing. A grease (7) to be packed in a bearing (1) is obtained by adding a thickener for a grease comprising a compound shown by a chemical formula (1) shown below or a compound shown by a chemical formula (2) shown below; In the chemical formula (1) or the chemical formula (2), R1 shows a diamine residue or a diisocyanate residue; R2 shows a residue of a dicarboxylic acid in which two adjacent carbon atoms form an imide ring or residues of derivative of the dicarboxylic acid; R3 shows a tetracarboxylic acid residue or residues of derivatives of the tetracarboxylic acid; R4 shows a hydrogen atom residue, a monoamine residue or a monoisocyanate residue; and n indicates integers of 0 through 5.

Abstract: Oligomeric carbodiimides comprising at least one heterocyclic end group are used as stabilizers for polymers. The oligomeric carbodiimides may be compounds of the general formula (I), where A1, A2 are each independently, identically or differently, hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, B1, B2 are each independently, identically or differently, heterocycles, C1-C30-alcohols, polyetherols, polyesterols, amines, polyether amines, polyester amines, thioalcohols, polyether thiols, polyester thiols, R1, R2 are each independently, identically or differently, n is an integer from 2 to 100, and wherein A1, A2, B1 and B2 may each be substituted at any desired position by C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C2-C20-alkynyl, C1-C20-alkoxy, carbonyl oxygen (?O) or halogen, with the proviso that at least one B1 or B2 substituent is a heterocyclic end group. Processes for stabilizing polymers against hydrolysis using oligomeric carbodiimides are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds comprising a peptide moiety, a linker moiety and a water-soluble polymer moiety such as a poly(ethylene glycol) moiety are disclosed. Various linker moieties for use in these compounds are also disclosed, along methods for their synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a protein cross-linking agent of the formula, where R1 is an aryl group optionally substituted once or several times by a grouping selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, C1-C4 alkyl, OBoc, SO3Na, Deu, and C1-C4 alkoxy groupings, R2 is N, (III), or (IV), n and in are identical or different integers between 0 and 10, p is an integer between 0 and 5, k is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and X and X? are identical or different and are a reactive function of the proteins. The invention also relates to a method for the structural analysis of a protein or a protein complex.

Abstract: The invention provides an active energy ray curable liquid composition containing a compound represented by a general formula (I): wherein A is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic residue which may be substituted, R1 and R2 are, independently of each other, a divalent organic group which may be substituted, E is an amide bond, Rn is a cyclic linking group having a carbonyl group and an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond adjacent to the carbon atom of the carbonyl group, m is a number of 0 or greater, n is a number of 2 or greater, m+n is 3, and Z is a secondary or tertiary amino bond structure, with the proviso that the amino bond may be a salt of a secondary or tertiary amine, and a liquid cartridge.

Abstract: A clickable cross-linker compound provides an easily scanned reporter ion for effective and efficient cross-linking and identification of intermolecular and intramolecular interactions of proteins and peptides.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery, comprising: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, the nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing as a flame retardant a compound of the general formula (I): wherein R1 and R2, which are the same or different, each represents a group that is selected from a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower cycloalkyl or aryl group, and that may have a substituent, or R1 and R2 taken together are a methylene group that may have a substituent, or R1 and R2 taken together form a ring structure containing a nitrogen atom to which R1 and R2 are attached, the ring structure being a five-membered or six-membered hydrocarbon ring that may have one or two oxo groups, or a five-membered or six-membered heterocycle that may further contain a nitrogen atom; n is 0 or 1; when n is 0, R3 is a group that is selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, low

Abstract: Described herein are methods, compositions and articles of manufacture involving neutral conjugated polymers including methods for synthesis of neutral conjugated water-soluble polymers with linkers along the polymer main chain structure and terminal end capping units. Such polymers may serve in the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices and in the development of highly efficient biosensors. The invention further relates to the application of these polymers in assay methods.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that a remarkable improvement in the performance of maleimide thermosets can be achieved by incorporating amide-extended maleimides into an adhesive formulation. Amide-extended maleimides described herein can be used to toughen bismaleimide thermosetting materials without sacrificing any thermal stability. Amide-extended maleimides are readily prepared by reacting a bismaleimide with an appropriate amine via the well-known Michael addition reaction. Acylation of the resulting secondary amines provides the amide-extended maleimide. The acylating agent can also be used to introduce polymerizable functional groups into the backbones of these thermoset monomers. Amide-extended acrylate and methacrylate monomers can also be prepared.

Abstract: The invention is directed to maleimide thermosets incorporating imide-extended mono-, bis-, or polymaleimide compounds. These imide-extended maleimide compounds are prepared by the condensation of appropriate anhydrides with appropriate diamines to give amine terminated compounds. These compounds are then condensed with excess maleic anhydride to yield imide-extended maleimide compounds.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosure, one aspect of the present application is directed to a dispersant compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, (ii) a polycarbonyl compound having at least three carbonyl acylating functions, and (iii) a primary amine moiety of a polyamine. Methods of making and methods of using the dispersant compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: Multifunctional compounds having acylsulfonamide amine-reactive groups are described that can be used for the capture of amine containing materials.

Abstract: Agents and methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis a protein complex or protein complexes using isotope-labeled symmetrical bifunctional crosslinkers and mass spectrometry are provided. Targeting moieties, cell permeability moieties, or affinity moieties, may be appended to the bifunctional crosslinkers. The isotope-labeled symmetrical bifunctional crosslinkers may be used in a kit or as a library.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition containing a particulate solid, a plastic material (such as a thermoplastic polymer) and a compound containing an amide group. The compound is capable of being a dispersant. The invention further relates to novel compounds, and the use of the compound as a dispersant.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to novel polymers (SMAMPs) and their syntheses and use. The polymers exhibit promising properties of AMPs. In particularly, for example, a ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) platform was developed that allows syntheses of SMAMPs that employ a minimum number of norbornene-based building blocks and/or enable easy and independent variation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in the monomer units and/or along the polymeric backbone to finetune and select desirable properties of the polymers.

Abstract: An additive for oils that is capable of imparting oils such as lubricant base oils with superior wear resistance properties or friction resistance properties, and a lubricant. An additive for oils that includes a compound represented by formula (I) is used. A and B each represents a single bond or hydrocarbylene or the like, X and Y each represents a sulfur atom or single bond, and W and Z each represents a hydrogen atom or —NR1R2 or the like, provided that W and Z are not both hydrogen atoms. R1 and R2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbyl or a hydrocarbylcarbonyl or the like, and n and m each represents an integer of 0 to 5.

Abstract: The present invention provides single chain antibody-directed polymeric prodrugs containing multifunctional linkers. Methods of making the polymeric delivery systems and methods of treating mammals using the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel process for the production of Fmoc (9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-based compounds is provided, wherein a protecting group for the 9-hydroxymethyl group of the fluorene ring system is utilized. These compounds are useful for the modification of protein and peptide drugs.

Abstract: UV-absorbing compounds are disclosed that are derived from at least: (a) a UV absorber having at least one hydroxyl group, primary amine group, or secondary amine group, (b) a coupling agent having anhydride functionality, and (c) a graft host comprising an unsaturated fatty acid. These compounds absorb, scatter, deflect, or scatter ultraviolet radiation in a variety of personal care and performance chemical applications. W? and R?? are alkyl or alkenyl groups that naturally occur in oil.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compound of the formula I or a tribologically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or proadditive thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R4 are as defined herein. Such novel pyrrolidine, or succinimide, derivatives may be useful as friction modifiers in lubricant compositions. This disclosure also relates to a method of using such friction modifier compounds in lubricating fluid formulations to lubricate machine parts, including gear, axle, engine, and transmission parts, and to lubricant compositions containing such friction modifier compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides epoxy and oxetane compositions including the novel acyloxy and N-acyl curing agents described herein. Use of invention curing agents result in cured adhesive compositions with remarkably increased adhesion and reduced hydrophilicity when compared to resins cured with other types of curing agents. Furthermore, the curatives of this invention do not interfere with free-radical cure and are thus suited for use in hybrid cure thermoset compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides an active energy ray curable liquid composition containing a compound represented by a general formula (I): wherein A is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic residue which may be substituted, R1 and R2 are, independently of each other, a divalent organic group which may be substituted, E is an amide bond, Rn is a cyclic linking group having a carbonyl group and an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond adjacent to the carbon atom of the carbonyl group, m is a number of 0 or greater, n is a number of 2 or greater, m+n is 3, and Z is a secondary or tertiary amino bond structure, with the proviso that the amino bond may be a salt of a secondary or tertiary amine, and a liquid cartridge.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.