Abstract: The invention provides reporter compounds based on squaric, croconic, and/or rhodizonic acid, among others, reactive intermediates used to synthesize the reporter compounds, and methods of synthesizing and using the reporter compounds, among others.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I):, their use for inhibiting serine proteases, such as dipeptidyl peptidases, such as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and to methods for their production and their therapeutic utility.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting and/or ameliorating the occurrence of diseases associated with reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, radicals and/or non-radicals in a subject whereby a subject is administered a carotenoid structural analog, either alone or in combination with another carotenoid analog, or co-antioxidant formulation. The analog or analog combination is administered such that the subject's risk of experiencing diseases associated with reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, radicals and/or non-radicals may be thereby reduced. The analog or analog combination may be administered to a subject for the inhibition and/or amelioration of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The analog or analog combination may be administered to a subject for the inhibition and/or amelioration of liver disease. The analog or analog combination may be administered to a subject for the inhibition and/or amelioration of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I): 1

Abstract: There are described derivatives of benzoylcyclohexanediones of the formula (I) and their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1a, R1b, R1c, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are various radicals, X1 is a bridging atom, X2 a carbon chain and X3 a chalcogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stilbene and quinone compounds related to combretastatin A-4 and their use as anticancer compounds and prodrugs. The compounds include those with an alkyl group on the double bond of cis or trans-stilbenes, compounds with one or more (and preferably 2 or 3) alkyl group substituents on the stilbene A ring, compounds with an alkoxy group other than methoxy at position 3, 4, and/or 5 of the stilbene A ring, compounds (or prodrugs) in which BOC amino acid esters are formed with the phenolic hydroxyl at the 3-position of the B ring and compounds (or prodrugs) based on a benzoquinone B ring. The present invention further relates to the photochemical reactions of stilbene compounds, either the above compounds disclosed for the first time herein or compounds based on prior art stilbenes.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of antiinflammatory pharmaceutical agents and specifically relates to compounds, compositions and methods for treating disorders mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 or 5-lipoxygenase, such as inflammation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibacterial agents that are useful for sterilization, sanitation, antisepsis, disinfection, and treatment of antibacterial infections in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for preparing a compound of Formula I that is achiral, racemic or enantiomerically enriched at the hydroxylation center indicated by comprising contacting a compound of Formula II with an oxidant selected from oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, peracids or alkyl hydroperoxides in the presence of a zirconium complex, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the disclosure. This invention also pertains to zirconium complexes useful in this procedure comprising zirconium and a ligand of Formula III or its enantiomer wherein J, R6 and n are as defined in the disclosure. This invention further pertains to a compound of Formula III or its enantiomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted pyrroles which modulate the activity of protein kinases (“PKs”). The compounds of this invention are therefore useful in treating disorders related to abnormal PK activity. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, methods of treating diseases utilizing pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of preparing them are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorinated benzaldehydes, to a process for preparing them and also to the use of the fluorinated benzaldehydes for preparing active ingredients, especially in medicaments and agrochemicals.

Abstract: Conjugates in which polyamine analogs are conjugated to an amino acid are provided, as well as compositions comprising these conjugates. Methods of using these conjugates as anticancer treatments are also provided.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: An agent comprising the benzoic acid of formula (I) 1

Abstract: Disclosed are a series of phenylalanine derivatives, to compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation, and to their use in medicine.

Abstract: A method is provided for carrying out depolymerization of a polymer containing electrophilic linkages in the presence of a catalyst and a nucleophilic reagent, wherein production of undesirable byproducts resulting from polymer degradation is minimized. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 80° C. or less, and generally involves the use of an organic, nonmetallic catalyst, thereby ensuring that the depolymerization product(s) are substantially free of metal contaminants. In an exemplary depolymerization method, the catalyst is a carbene compound such as an N-heterocyclic carbene, or is a precursor to a carbene compound. The method provides an important alternative to current recycling techniques such as those used in the degradation of polyesters, polyamides, and the like.

Abstract: A solid phase reaction template for the production of heterocyclic scaffolds in a reaction media, said solid phase component comprising an alpha-isocyanocarboxylate core compound linked to a solid substrate, the template having the formula: 1

Abstract: Initiators for atom transfer radical polymerizations are described. The initiators have an azlactone or ring-opened azlactone moiety to provide telechelic (co)polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dithiocarbamic esters, their preparation and their use for regulating the degree of polymerization during the polymerization of monomers, such as during the polymerization of chloroprene to give polychloroprene, and during the polymerization of 2,3-dichlorobutadiene to give poly-2,3-dichlorobutadiene, and during the copolymerization of chloroprene with 2,3-dichlorobutadiene. The present invention further relates to polymers which are obtainable via the polymerization of monomers in the presence of the dithiocarbamic esters of the invention. The present invention also relates to polymers which contain end groups derived from the dithiocarbamic esters of the present invention.

Abstract: The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of alpha4 containing integrin-mediated binding to ligands such as VCAM-1 and MAdCAM.

Abstract: Novel pyrrole derivatives of formula I 1

Abstract: This invention relates to neurotrophic, low molecular weight, small molecule heterocyclic ketone and thioester compounds, compositions containing the same, and the use of such compounds for treating neurological disorders, including physically damaged nerves and neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the novel polymorphic Form F of Atorvastatin calcium, processes for the preparation therof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising this crystalline form.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel series of compound represented by general formula (I), 1

Abstract: A novel biphenyl compound having GPR 14 antagonistic activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound formula [I]: 1

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted pyrrole derivatives, which can be used as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors. Compounds disclosed herein can function as cholesterol lowering agents and can be used for the treatment of cholesterol-related diseases and related symptoms. Processes for the preparation of disclosed compounds are provided, as well as, pharmaceutical compositions containing the disclosed compounds, and methods of treating cholesterol-related diseases and related symptoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), to processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, that inhibit the Ras farnesyl-protein transferase enzyme (FPTase), and may be used as an alternative to, or in conjunction with, traditional cancer therapy for the treatment of ras oncogene-dependent tumors, such as cancers of the pancreas, colon, bladder, and thyroid.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) in which R1, R2 and X1 have the meanings given in the specification, modulate metabotopic glotamate receptor function and are useful in treating disorders of the central nervous system.

Abstract: &bgr;-diketone fluorescent tags are disclosed, particularly those enabling the use of excitation energy in the near visible or visible spectrum. In some cases, these tags allow the use of cost-effective excitation devices such as LED's. The compounds form fluorescent chelates (complexes) with lanthanide (III) rare earth metal ions (such as Eu3+). The fluorescent complex may be included in a latex microparticle, such as a styrene latex particle. Ideally, the complex has an absorption maximum &lgr; equal to or greater than 360 nm, and the compound is characterized by a pKa<9.0. Kits and methods for detecting target molecules (e.g. immunoassays) are also disclosed. Such methods and kits typically use a ligand for binding to the target molecule and a labeling agent attached to the ligand. The fluorescent complexes described above are at least part of the labeling agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are cyclic imino oligomers and polymers comprised of subunits of the formula: Also disclosed are combinatorial libraries and arrays of the cyclic imino compounds.

Abstract: New pyrrole based compounds, compositions and methods of inhibiting the activity of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3) in vitro and of treatment of GSK3 mediated disorders in vivo are provided. The methods, compounds and compositions of the invention may be employed alone, or in combination with other pharmacologically active agents in the treatment of disorders mediated by GSK3 activity, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, essential hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, syndrome X, ischemia, traumatic brain injury, bipolar disorder, immunodeficiency or cancer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1-(4′-fluorophenyl)-1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-5-phthalanecarbonitrile of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, 1

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an aliphatic nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring compound represented by the formula [I]: 1

Abstract: Compounds of formula I and II, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, are useful as inhibitors of Factor VIIa, Factor IXa, Factor Xa, Factor FXIa, tryptase, and urokinase, wherein ring B is phenyl or pyridyl, L is a linker, and R1-R27, W, Z1, and Z2 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present application relates to the secondary binding site of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, its relationship amongst substrates and to the modulation of substrate specificity of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV, synonym: DPP IV, CD26, EC 3.4.14.5). The application relates further to compounds that bind to the secondary binding site of DP IV and their use to modulate the substrate specificity of DP IV; methods of treatment of various DP IV mediated disorders; and screening methods for the identification of secondary binding sites on DP IV and DP IV-like enzymes.

Abstract: Pleuromutilin compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I), processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them as well as their use for the production of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed are cyclic imino oligomers and polymers comprised of subunits of the formula: Also disclosed are combinatorial libraries and arrays of the cyclic imino compounds.

Abstract: Novel cyclic compounds and salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of protein tyrosine kinase-associated disorders such as immunologic and oncologic disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I and Formula II, and their N-oxides and agriculturally suitable salts, are disclosed that are useful for controlling invertebrate pests, Formula (I), Formula (II) wherein A, B, J, R1, R2, R3, R4, and n are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions comprising the compounds of Formula I or Formula II and methods for controlling invertebrate pests that involve contacting the invertebrate pests or their environment with an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II).

Abstract: Novel crystalline forms of [R-(R*,R*)]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-&bgr;,&dgr;-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrole-1-heptanoic acid hemi calcium salt designated Form V, Form VI, Form VII, Form VIII, Form IX, Form X, Form XI, Form XII, Form XIII, Form XIV, Form XV, Form XVI, Form XVII, Form XVIII, and Form XIX are characterized by their X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state NMR, and/or Raman spectroscopy are described, as well as methods for the preparation and pharmaceutical composition of the same, which are useful as agents for treating hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Novel pyrrole derivatives of formula (I) wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is C1-C4alkyl unsubstituted or substituted, with the exception of CF3; C3-C6cycloalkyl unsubstituted or substituted; or halogen; R2 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl unsubstituted or substituted, C1-C4alkoxy unsubstituted or substituted, cyano or halogen; R3 is C1-C4alkyl unsubstituted or substituted; and A is orthosubstituted aryl; orthosubstituted heteroaryl; bicycloaryl unsubstituted or substituted; or bicycloheteroaryl unsubstituted or substituted. The novel compounds have plant-protective properties and are suitable for protecting plants against infestations by phytopathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: Provided is an industrially applicable process for producing trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, which is useful as a raw material for medicines or as an additive to foods. In the process, L-proline is converted into trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in the presence of an enzyme source which is derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Dactylosporangium, Amycolatopsis or Streptomyces and which catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-proline into trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, a divalent iron ion and 2-ketoglutaric acid, in an aqueous medium, and the produced trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is collected from the aqueous medium.

Abstract: Compounds which mimic the chemical and/or biological activity of discodermolide are provided.

Abstract: Novel amidino-urea 5-HT7 receptor ligands, methods of preparing such ligands, intermediate compounds useful in the preparation of the receptor ligands, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the receptor ligands, and methods of treating sleep disorders, pain, depression, and schizophrenia employing the receptor ligands are disclosed. The receptor ligands have formula (1): wherein the formula variables are as defined herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, active metabolites, or prodrugs thereof.