Abstract: This invention relates to novel N-substituted lactams having the following formula ##STR1## useful in the treatment and prevention of Cholecystokinin (CCK) related disorders of the gastrointestinal, central nervous and appetite regulatory systems of mammals.

Abstract: Herbicidal 4-alkoxy- and 4-(substituted)amino-arylpyrrolinone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which X and Y independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl or in each case unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy or arylthio,Z represents halogen, alkyl or alkoxy,n represents the number 0, 1, 2 or 3,A represents in each case unsubstituted or in each case halogen-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl, polyalkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl, cycloalkyl which is optionally interrupted by hetero atoms, arylalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkoxy and/or nitro, unsubstituted aryl or aryl substituted by a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy and phenoxy or phenylthio which are in each case unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl and/or halogenoalkoxy,B represents hydroxyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkoxy or cycloalkoxy, the cycloalkyl radical b

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of naphthylsulfonylalkanoic acid compounds such as a structure corrresponding to the formula: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A present invention naphthylsulfonylalkanoic acid compound is useful for prevention or treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, biliary dyskinesia and acute pancreatitis.

Abstract: A solution of stearamidopropyl dimethyl pyrrolidonyl methyl ammonium chloride in a polyhydric alcohol, suitably at a concentration of about 1-30% by weight, preferably 2-20%, and, optimally, about 5-15%, wherein said polyhydric alcohol is a di-, tri-, or tetra hydric alcohol, preferably glycerol, is prepared by(a) slurrying said compound into excess acetone,(b) filtering the slurry to provide a filter cake of said compound,(c) forming a solution of said filter cake in a polyhydric alcohol, and(d) dropping said solution into an evacuated reaction vessel at a suitable rate to minimize excessive foaming while residual acetone is removed therefrom, the solution remaining under substantial full vacuum until substantially all the solution has been added and substantially of the acetone has been removed.

Abstract: There is provided a single step procedure for the manufacture of 1-(alkoxymethyl)pyrrole compounds by reacting the appropriate pyrrole precursor with a dihalomethane reagent in the presence of an alkali metal alkoxide. The 1-(alkoxymethyl)pyrrole compounds are useful as molluscicidal, insecticidal, acaricidal and nematocidal agents.

Abstract: Phenylcarboxylic acid derivatives having a hetero ring in the substituent of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, phenoxy which has a substituent selected from halogen and alkyl, carboxyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, phenylsulfonyloxy optionally substituted by halogen, alkylsulfonyloxyalkoxy, amino, alkanoylamino, benzoylamino, alkenyloxy, phenylalkoxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, phenylalkoxy having optionally 1 to 3 substituents selected from halogen, alkyl and alkoxy, halogenoalkyl, cycloalkyloxy optionally substituted by hydroxy, alkoxy substituted by cycloalkyl having optionally hydroxy substituent, imidazolylalkyl or imidazolylalkoxy; k is 0 or 1 to 3; or (R.sup.1).sub.k is alkylenedioxy; A is alkylene or alkylenoxy; l is 0 or 1; B is methylene or carbonyl; m is 0 or 1; D is alkylene; E is alkylene or alkenylene; n is 0 or 1; and R.sup.

Abstract: A stereoselective process for the preparation of the compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, a and b have the meanings reported in the specification, is described.The compounds of formula I have a remarkable central analgesic activity and they are useful in the pharmaceutical field.

Abstract: Optically active or racemic compounds are provided having the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 are defined in the specification; R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, nitro, cyano, azido, amino, acylamino, carboxyamido, trifluoromethyl, sulfate, sulfonamido, halogen, hydrocarbyl and hetero atom-substituted hydrocarbyl radicals, wherein said heteroatoms are selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus and said hydrocarbyl radicals comprise from 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms, and a is an integer of from zero to 3, for instance zero to 2; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; as dopaminergics.

Abstract: 1-(3-Substituted benzyl)-3-halogeno-4-(1-halogenoalkyl)-2-pyrrolidinones of the general formula (I): ##STR1## where X represents a hydrogen atom or halogen atom, Y and Z each represents a chlorine atom or bromine atom, and R represents an alkyl group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, are herbicides useful in rice paddy fields to control weeds therein, especially Echinochloa crusgalli and can be produced subjecting the corresponding 3-dihalogeno compounds to dehalogenation to remove one of the halogen atoms or by cyclizing a 2,2-dihalogenoacetamide derivative represented by the general formula (II) under the presence of an appropriate catalyst; ##STR2## in which X, Y, Z and R respectively have the same meanings as described above.

Abstract: Lipid derivatives represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for an optionally substituted higher alkyl group, R.sup.2 stands for an optionally substituted lower alkyl group or an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, R.sup.3 stands for a tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group, J stands for oxygen atom or S(O)t (where t deontes 0, 1 or 2), m and n respectively denotes 1 or 2, p denotes 0, 1 or 2, q and r respectively denote an integer of 2 to 5.and salts thereof have antitumor activities including differentiation-inducing activity and are useful as antitumor agents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.6 - to C.sub.10 aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl comprises hydrogenolytically cleaving 5-iminopyrrolidin-2-ones of the general formula II ##STR2## in which the R.sup.1 radicals are identical or different C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.6 - to C.sub.10 -aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl, at super-atmospheric pressure and elevated temperature in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to give the pyrrolidin-2-ones I; specifically, the 5-iminopyrrolidin-2-ones of the formula II are obtained by reacting .beta.-cyanopropionic acid esters of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl or C.sub.6 - to C.sub.10 -aryl, with an amine of the general formula IVR.sup.1 --NH.sub.2 IVwhere R.sup.1 is as defined above.

Abstract: 1S,4S and 1R,4R-2-Alkyl-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes useful as intermediates in the synthesis of certain antibacterial quinolones, are prepared respectively, from trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline and trans-4-hydroxy-D-proline via multistep procedures.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## in which X is .dbd.CH-- or .dbd.N--; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl; Y is --CH.sub.2--, --NH-- or --O--; and Z is --H.sub.2 or .dbd.O; B is His, Leu, Ile, Nva, Nle, Ala or Val; and R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are renin inhibitors.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel 3 or 4 substituted oxotremorine derivatives having polar substituted oxygen or sulfur groups. The compounds have cholinergic activity. Also disclosed are methods for treating diseases of the central nervous system in mammals employing the compounds, pharmaceutical preparations containing the compounds and processes for the production of the compounds.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group;R.sup.1 represents a higher alkyl group which may be substituted;R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyl group or a nitrogen-containing 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group each of which may be substituted; X represents a divalent group represented by the formula:--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.p --wherein p represents an integer of 1 to 5, a divalent group represented by the formula:--O(CH.sub.2).sub.q --wherein q represents an integer of 3 to 8, or a divalent group represented by the formula:--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.p --J--(CH.sub.2).sub.q --wherein J represents an oxygen atom or a group represented by the formula: --S(O).sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.-formylamino nitriles of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted, with substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic radicals with 1 to 10, cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic radicals with 3 to 6, araliphatic radicals with 7 to 12, heteroaraliphatic radicals with 4 to 12, aromatic radicals with 6 to 10 or heteroaromatic radicals with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, by reacting cyanohydrins of the formula II ##STR2## with the formamide III ##STR3## in the presence of acids, entails adding at least one ammonium salt to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.-formylamino nitriles of the formula Ia ##STR1## and Ib ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted, with substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions, aliphatic or heteroaliphatic radicals with 1 to 10, cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic radicals with 3 to 6, araliphatic radicals with 7 to 12, heteroaraliphatic radicals with 4 to 12, aromatic radicals with 6 to 10 or heteroarometic radicals with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, with the priviso that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, comprises reacting an iminodiacetonitrile of the formula II ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the abovementioned meanings, with formamide of the formula III ##STR4## in the presence of formic acid or with a compound which provides formic acid, in the presence of acids.

Abstract: Mercaptoacyl aminolactam inhibitors of endopeptidases of the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is -(CHR.sup.5).sub.n (CR.sup.3 R.sup.4)- or -(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.p X(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.q -,wherein two substituents selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, can form a benzene, cyclopentane or cyclohexane ring;X is -O-, -S-, -SO- or -SO.sub.2 -;Q is hydrogen or R.sup.6 CO-;m is 1 or 2;n is 1, 2, 3 or 4;p is 1 or 2;q is 2 or 3;R.sup.1 is lower alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxylower alkyl, lower alkoxylower alkyl, aryllower alkyl or heteroaryllower alkyl;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryllower alkyl or heteroaryllower alkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryllower alkyl, heteroaryllower alkyl, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, mercapto, or lower alkylthio; and R.sup.

Abstract: (Pyrrolidin-2-one-1-yl)acetamides of general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or hydroxyl, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of:2-aminoethyl,2-(N,N-diisopropyl) aminoethyl,3-(pyrrolidin-2-one-1-yl) propyl,2-[N-(pyrrolidin-2-one-1-yl) acetyl] aminoethyl,2-hydroxyethyl,(glycerophosphorylethanolamino) carbonylmethyl,1-trimethylammonium-3-carboxy-2-propyloxy-carbonylmethyl chloride,(prolinol-1-yl) carbonylmethyl,1-trimethylammonium-3-carboxyisopropyl), and3-pyridylcarbamide;or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together, are such as to form a cycle of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl substituted with halogens or halogen-substituted lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyls and 4-morpholinocarbonylmethyl are potent enhancers of learning and memory.Orally or parenterally administrable pharmaceutical compositions in unit dosage form comprise from about 100 to 500 mg of one of the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: 3-thio pyrrolidines are intermediates for carbapenams.

Abstract: A process for the condensation of imides and alcohols or amines to ester acyl lactams, ester amide acyl lactams or amide acyl lactams by reacting a polyol or polyamine in the liquid phase with an acyl lactam compound is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention deals with novel quaternary polymeric compounds and their application as softening, anti-tangle, and conditioning agents. The polymers conform to the following structure: ##STR1## R is selected from CH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.b --; CH3--(CH2).sub.c --(CH.dbd.CH)--(CH.sub.2).sub.d ;CH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.e --CH(CH.sub.3)--(CH.sub.2).sub.f --;CH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.b --O--R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --;CH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.d --CH(CH.sub.3)--(CH.sub.2).sub.e --O--R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- and ##STR2## R.sup.1 is--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O).sub.x --(CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)--O).sub.y --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.z --;x y and z are independently integers from 0 to 20;b,c,d,e are independently integers from 5 to 20;m and n are independently integers from 4 to 20;a is an integer from 2 to 2,000;Y is an anionic counter ion needed for charge balance and is selected from chloride, bromide, sulfate, and phosphate.

Abstract: 3-Amino-2-cyanoacrylonitrile derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R is substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted styryl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or aromatic heterocyclyl, are prepared by treating a nitrile in an inert organic diluent at from 0.degree. to +30.degree. C. with a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkanol in the presence of a hydrogen halide and reacting the resulting iminoester hydrohalide directly or after isolation with malodinitrile in an inert organic diluent at from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of a base.

Abstract: The new peptides of the Formulae(1) Glp-Lys-NH.sub.2(2) Glp-Glu-Lys-NH.sub.2(3) Arg-Lys-Glu-NH.sub.2(4) Arg-lys-Asp-NH.sub.2(5) Arg-Lys-Glu-OH(6) Arg-Lys-Gln-OH(7) Leu-Val-Ala-OH(8) Arg-Orn-Asp-Val-NH.sub.2(9) Arg-Orn-Asp-Val-OH(10) Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-OH(11) Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-OH(12) Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-OH(13) Glu-Leu-Val-Ala-OH and(14) Leu-Pro-Ala-Gly-OHand acid addition salts thereof inhibit the proliferation of leukaemic cells and exhibit immunostimulant effect.

Abstract: Novel cyclic vinylogous N-hydroxy-N-methylureas are useful in the treatment of leukotriene mediated conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## in which X is .dbd.CH-- or .dbd.N--; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alky, phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl; Y is --CH.sub.2 --, --NH-- or --O--; and Z is --H.sub.2 or .dbd.O; B is His, Leu, Ile, Nva, Nle, Ala or Val; and R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl or phenylalkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are renin inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention provides cleavable conjugates whose linkers contain a labile bond that is cleavable under a variety of mild conditions, including weakly acidic. Since the agent may be bonded directly to the linker, cleavage can result in release of native agent. The invention also provides methods for producing cleavable conjugates. Preferred agents include drugs, toxins, biological response modifiers, radiodiagnostic compounds, radiotherapeutic compounds, and derivatives thereof. The targeting molecule employed in the invention may be an intact molecule, a fragment thereof, or a functional equivalent thereof. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the targeting molecule is a monoclonal antibody directed towards a tumor-associated antigen in man. The invention further provides methods for delivering to the cytoplasm of target cell an agent free of its targeting molecular carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates primarily to quaternized compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein n and n' are each independently integers having a value of from 1 to 25; p is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; Y and Y' are each independently H or CH.sub.3 ; R is linear alkyl, alkenyl, or amidoalkyl having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; Z is linear alkylene having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with lower alkyl and A.sup.- is an anion.

Abstract: The invention relates primarily to quaternized compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein n and n' are each independently integers having a value of from 1 to 25; p is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; Y and Y' are each independently H or CH.sub.3 ; R is linear alkyl, alkenyl, or amidoalkyl having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; Z is linear alkylene having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with lower alkyl and A.sup.- is an anion.

Abstract: Enzyme di- or tripeptides of the formula: ##STR1## and analogs thereof which inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension, hyperaldosteronism and congestive heart failure; compositions containing these renin-inhibitory peptides, optionally with other antihypertensive agents; and methods of treating hypertension, hyperaldosteronism or congestive heart failure or of establishing renin as a causative factor in these problems which employ these novel peptides.

Abstract: A cyclic amide compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a haloalkoxy group, a lower alkylthio group or a nitro group; Y is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a haloalkyl group, a phenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, a cycloalkylalkoxy group, an alkenyloxy group, an alkynyloxy group, a benzyloxy group, a phenoxy group, a haloalkoxy group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkoxy group, a cyanoalkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkenylthio group, an alkynylthio group, a benzylthio group, a phenylthio group, ##STR2## (wherein W is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group), ##STR3## (wherein each of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, ##STR4## (wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to a generally applicable process for the hydroxylation of electrophilic aromatic compounds, according to which the electrophilic aromatic compounds are reacted with organic hydroperoxides in the presence of bases.

Abstract: .alpha.-Pyrrolidones and cyclic amidines 1a and 1b, respectively, for washing gases ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkoxy or are bonded to one another to form a ring, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, phenyl or naphthyl and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, are prepared by a method in which an amine II ##STR2## where R.sup.3' is hydrogen, tert-butyl, phenyl or naphthyl, is reacted with an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative III ##STR3## where X is OR', --NR'R", --NHR' or --NH.sub.2 and R' and R" are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or phenyl, or with an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitrile IV ##STR4## in the presence of a free radical initiator, and, where R.sup.3' is hydrogen and it is intended to prepare a compound in which R.sup.3' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## (wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and n have the meanings reported in the specification), their salts with pharmaceutically acceptable acids, process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them are described.The compounds of formula I have a remarkable analgesic activity.

Abstract: Substituted 1,3-diphenyl pyrrolidones of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are halogen, trifluoromethyl, cyano, alkyl or alkoxy, R.sup.2 is H or halogen, and R.sup.4 is alkyl or haloalkyl, are useful as herbicidal agents.

Abstract: Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the meanings given in the disclosure, and the use thereof for combating unwanted plants, especially Gramineae.

Abstract: (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide, its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same. It can be prepared either by reacting (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid successively with an alkyl haloformate and with ammonia, or, by cyclizing an (S)-2-amino-butanamide of the formula X--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Y--NHCH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CONH.sub.2 wherein Y is a --CH.sub.2 -- radical when X represents a ZOOC-- radical and Y is a --CO-- radical when X represents a HalCH.sub.2 -- radical, Z being a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical and Hal a halogen atom.This laevorotatory enantiomer has been found to have significantly higher protective activity against hypoxia and ischemia than the corresponding racemate.

Abstract: What is provided herein are new and useful N-pyrrolidonyl alkyl amino 1,3,4-butanetriol compounds having the formula: ##STR1## where X is alkylene C.sub.1 -C.sub.5, andn is 1-4.

Abstract: This invention provides novel and useful surfactants having the formula: ##STR1## where R is a long chain fatty acid alkyl group, saturated or unsaturated, e.g. having from 8-22 carbon atoms, as for example, lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, palmityl, myristyl, and mixtures such as coco, tallow, etc.,M is a metal ion, preferably an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, etc., andn is 1-6.

Abstract: The present invention provides propanamines, substituted at the 3-position of the propanamine chain with a thio, sulfinyl or sulfonyl moiety, which are capable of selectively inhibiting the uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a higher alkyl group which may be substituted; R.sup.2 is a hydrogen, a lower alkyl group which may be substituted, a lower alkanoyl group which may be substituted or a lower alkylthiocarbamoyl group; R.sup.3 is a primary to tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group; and n is 2 or 3, and salts thereof, have antitumor activity and platelet activating factor inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein: X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 haloalkyl, and the group wherein X and Y together from a three or four-membered carbon bridge the bridge optionally comprising one or both of a double bond and a carbonyl group;Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkanoyl;R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen; an acyl group; and an inorganic or organic cation;R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of: C.sub.1 to c.sub.6 alkyl; C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 alkenyl; C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 haloakenyl; C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 alkynyl; and substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates primarily to quaternized compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein m is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; R is alkylene having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of alkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, alkyl amidoalkyl, alkyl carbamoylalkyl, aryl amido alkyl and aryl carbamoyalkyl radicals, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, together with the quaternized nitrogen atom can form a heterocyclic radical containing from 1 to 2 heteroatoms selected from the group of nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen, in which case R.sub.1 can represent a double bond in the heterocyclic structure or can be any of the aforementioned groups for R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 ; said groups R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a radical having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms when R.

Abstract: A novel compound, namely, 1-thiocarbamylmethylpyrrolidine-2-thione has the following formula: ##STR1## A process for preparing said compound comprises reacting a derivative of pyrrolidone-2 of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R is nitrile or carbamoyl, with phosphorus pentasulphide in an inert non-polar solvent at a temperature above room temperature, followed by treatment of the resulting precipitate with water upon boiling and isolation of the desired product.The compound according to the present invention exhibits antihypoxic and nootropic activity.

Abstract: 1-Phenyl-3-carboxyamidopyrrolidones of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, halophenyl, benzyl, halobenzyl, or alkyl substituted with alkoxy, alkyltyhio, phenyl, hydroxy or cyano; and R.sup.2 is H or alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are combined as alkylene or alkyleneoxyalkylene; R.sup.3 is alkyl or alkenyl; R.sup.4 is H, halogen, CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, CF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2, OCF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2, OCHF.sub.2, OCF.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, S(O)CH.sub.3, SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3, methoxyiminomethyl, methoxyimino-1-ethyl, benzyloxyiminomethyl, or benzyloxyimino-1-ethyl;n is zero or 1; X is H or halogen; Y is O or S; and Z is O or S, are useful as herbicidal agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel renin-inhibiting peptides of the formula X-A.sub.6 -B.sub.7 -C.sub.8 -D.sub.9 -E.sub.10 -F.sub.11 -G.sub.12 -H.sub.13 - I.sub.14 -Z, wherein the E.sub.10 -F.sub.11 moiety is a dihydroxyethylene isostere, X and Z are terminal groups, and the remaining variables are absent or are amino acid residues. Such inhibitors are useful for the control of hypertension.

Abstract: This invention encompasses compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently are hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, or C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl; one of R.sup.3 to R.sup.7 is --SO.sub.3 H or --COOH; and the remaining of R.sup.3 to R.sup.7 independently are hydrogen, chlorine, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, or --NR.sup.8 R.sup.9, where R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 independently are hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-4 alkoxy, or where --NR.sup.8 R.sup.9 is piperidine, morpholine, piperazine, or pyrrolidone; or a water soluble salt thereof; hair dye preparation containing these compounds, and methods for dyeing hair using such preparation.

Abstract: Hydrophilic modifier monomers of the formula [X-T].sub.z 'G are disclosed wherein X is a reactive group, G is a hydrophilic group and T is a divalent linking group, z' being a number up to the available valence of G, excess G valences being taken up by hydrogen. The monomers of the invention can be used to boost the hydrophilic nature of a wide variety of polymeric materials or be polymerized themselves with varying degrees of copolymerizable monomers. They are particularly suited for making hydrophilic contact lens materials.

Abstract: A pyrroline derivative represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently stand for an alkyl (C.sub.1-6), allyl, alkoxy (C.sub.1-6) ethyl, allyloxyethyl, phenoxyethyl, phenylalkyl (C.sub.1-3), alkoxy (C.sub.1-6) carbonylalkyl (C.sub.1-3) or phenoxyethoxycarbonylalkyl (C.sub.2-3) group and R.sub.3 stands for a hydrogen atom or R.sub.3 ', wherein R.sub.3 ' stands for an alkyl (C.sub.1-6), allyl, benzyl, chlorobenzyl, nitrobenzyl, phenethyl, alkoxy (C.sub.1-6) carbonylalkyl (C.sub.1-3), phenoxyethoxycarbonylalkyl (C.sub.2-3) or cyanoalkyl (C.sub.1-2) group, a process for producing a pyrroline derivative represented by the formula (I) and methods for dyeing a hydrophobic fiber and coloring a synthetic resin with the same.

Abstract: A novel compound, namely, 1-thiocarbamylmethylpyrrolidine-2-thione has the following formula: ##STR1## A process for preparing said compound comprises reacting a derivative of pyrrolidone-2 of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R is nitrile or carbamoyl, with phosphorus pentasulphide in an inert non-polar solvent at a temperature above room temperature, followed by treatment of the resulting precipitate with water upon boiling and isolation of the desired product.The compound according to the present invention exhibits antihypoxic and nootropic activity.