Abstract: The current invention provides an improved immunoassay for the detection and determination of pyrrolidinophenone based designer drugs in hair and biological fluids (urine, blood, and oral fluid). The generic immunoassay is underpinned by novel, sub-family-specific antibodies, which display surprising sensitivity. The invention further describes substrates comprising an antibody that is specific to compounds of the pyrrolidinophenone family. Also described are the novel immunogens from which the antibodies are derived and kits incorporating the antibodies of the current invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds for the inhibition of histone deacetylase. More particularly, the invention provides for compounds of the Formula (I) and N-oxides, hydrates, solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and complexes thereof, and racemic and scalemic mixtures, diastereomers and enantiomers thereof, wherein groups L, M, X and Y are as defined herein.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds having a structure selected from among Formula (I), Formula (II), Formula (III), Formula (IV), Formula (V) and Formula (VI) that are androgen receptor modulators and/or androgen receptor binding agents. Also disclosed are methods of making and using such compounds, including, but not limited to, using such compounds for treating various conditions.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, and n are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes for preparing beta 3 agonists of Formula (I) and Formula (II) and their intermediates. The beta 3 agonists are useful in the treatment of certain disorders, including overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and urinary urgency.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (ROR?) modulators, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by ROR?.

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline hydrochloride salts of (S)-3-[(S)-2-methanesulfonyl-1-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salts, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salts, and methods of using the crystalline salts to treat diseases.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where a and R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of treating or preventing disease. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods of treating an infection or cancer comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof. In a typical embodiment, one administers a pharmaceutical composition comprising sphingosine or a sphingosine analog to a subject at risk for, exhibiting symptoms of or diagnosed with a malaria infection.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds that are estrogen receptor modulators. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include the compounds described herein, as well as methods of using such estrogen receptor modulators, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating diseases or conditions that are mediated or dependent upon estrogen receptors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a compound of formula I-11 through multiple-step reactions.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, and n are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I: in salt or zwitterionic form or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1-6, a-e and Q are as defined in the specification. These compounds are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to, for example, treat pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, and R3 are defined as set forth in the specification. The compounds are agonists of neurotrophin (such as nerve growth factor) receptors.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline hydrochloride salt of (S)-3-[(S)-1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salt, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salt, and methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium salt of the formula (1), a composition containing the quaternary ammonium salt and an organic solvent, and an electrochemical device using the salt wherein R1 and R2 are both methyl and X? is BF4? or N(CF3SO2)2?.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, and n are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline hydrochloride salts of (S)-3-[(S)-2-methanesulfonyl-1-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salts, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salts, and methods of using the crystalline salts to treat diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline hydrochloride salts of (S)-3-[(S)-2-methanesulfonyl-1-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salts, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salts, and methods of using the crystalline salts to treat diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the Formula II: wherein A is: R1 is CH3, CF3, or F; R2 is H, CH3, or F; R3 is CH3, OCH3, OH, F; R4 is OH or CH2OH; and X is CH or N; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of tri-aryl compounds, compositions comprising the same and processes for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and method of using the same in the treatment or prevention of diseases mediated by the activation of ?3-adrenoceptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for synthetizing a compound of the following formula (I): wherein R is a methyl or ethyl group, n is 1 or 2, and X is a CH2 or CD2 group, from a compound of the following formula (II): wherein R and n are as defined above, and also relates to a method for assaying the compounds of the formula (I) using a corresponding deuterated derivative as an internal reference, as well as to the use of ketal derivatives of compounds of the formula (I) as a stable precursor, in particular in a flavoring composition.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I: in salt or zwitterionic form or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1-6, a-e and Q are as defined in the specification. These compounds are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to, for example, treat pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

Abstract: The use of mesembrenone and medicaments and dietary supplements containing mesembrenone. The applicant has surprisingly found that mesembrenone exhibits potent PDE-4 inhibition properties and, in addition to being useful in treating conditions that respond to treatment with a PDE-4 inhibitor, has dual activity on account of its serotonin-uptake inhibition properties. Mesembrenone is extracted and isolated, for example as a pure compound, from plant material of the plant family Mesembryanthemaceae. Preferably a plant or plants from the genus Sceletium, more preferably, Sceletium tortuosum(L) N.E.Br is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I), in which J, X, Y, A, B, D and G have the meanings given above, to a number of processes for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. The invention further provides selective herbicidal compositions which comprise, firstly, trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The invention further relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) through the additions of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and optionally penetrants.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by general formula (I): wherein, R1, R2, R3, L and T are as defined in the specification, in all their stereoisomeric and tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof in all ratios, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, and prodrugs thereof. The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are useful in the treatment of a condition or disorder mediated by one or more cytokines selected from Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-?) and interleukins such as IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8. The present invention further provides a method of treatment of inflammatory disorders by administering a therapeutically effective amount of the said compound of formula (I) or its pharmaceutical composition, to a mammal in need thereof.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where a and R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ophthalmologic composition including a dye of the general formula I in which R1=substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical, R2=substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical with at least one polymerizable double bond, R3?H or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical, R4?H, electron-withdrawing substituent or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical and X?O, S, NH or NR5, wherein R5 is a substituted and/or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical. Moreover, the invention relates to another ophthalmologic composition and an ophthalmologic lens.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, and n are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Ester derivatives of 2-amino-2-phenyl-alkanol of general formula (I) in which: R1 forms with R3 and the nitrogen and carbon atoms to which they are respectively attached, a heterocycle with 4 to 7 members, optionally substituted in the ? position of the nitrogen atom by one or two Ra and Rb radicals being able to be independently of one another hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), and R2 is H or a —CO—O—CHR4—OCOR5 radical for which R4 is H or linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), and R5 is alkyl optionally substituted by benzyloxycarbonylamino, acylamino or by the remainder of an amino acid, or represents a heterocycle, or R2 is linear or branched alkyl (1 to 4C), alkyl (2 to 4C) substituted by OH, alkoxy, alkylthio, NH2, alkylamino, dialkylamino optionally forming with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocycle with 5 or 6 members, it being understood that the substituted alkyl radical is linear or branched and comprises at least 2C between >N—R2 and the substituent, unless speci

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline hydrochloride salts of (S)-3-[(S)-2-methanesulfonyl-1-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salts, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salts, and methods of using the crystalline salts to treat diseases.

Abstract: The instant invention provides for novel cationic lipids that can be used in combination with other lipid components such as cholesterol and PEG-lipids to form lipid nanoparticles with oligonucleotides. It is an object of the instant invention to provide a cationic lipid scaffold that is susceptible to hydrolytic instability that may translate into reduced liver residence times and reduced hepatocellular toxicity. The present invention employs acetals and ketals to provide a low pH sensitive chemical handle for degradation.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline hydrochloride salt of (S)-3-[(S)-1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salt, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salt, and methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I: in salt or zwitterionic form or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1-6, a-e and Q are as defined in the specification. These compounds are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to, for example, treat pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium salt of the formula (1), a composition containing the quaternary ammonium salt and an organic solvent, and an electrochemical device using the salt wherein R1 and R2 are both methyl and X? is BF4? or N(CF3SO2)2?.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where R1-6 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and method of using the same in the treatment or prevention of diseases mediated by the activation of ?3-adrenoceptor.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods for producing synthetic surfaces that mimic collagen coated surfaces for cell culture comprising: providing a monomer source comprising one or more organic compounds which are capable of polymerization, wherein at least one organic compound is prolinol; creating a plasma of said monomer source; and contacting at least a portion of a surface with the plasma to provide a plasma polymer coated surface. Advantageously, such methods provide an animal-free, synthetic, chemically defined surface that mimics a collagen coated surface for cell culture. Advantageously, such methods not only reduce the cost and/or issues associated with animal-derived collagen but are also amenable to large scale manufacturing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of asenapine, i.e. trans-5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenz[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole, as well as to novel intermediate products for use in said process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for synthetizing a compound of the following formula (I): wherein R is a methyl or ethyl group, n is 1 or 2, and X is a CH2 or CD2 group, from a compound of the following formula (II): wherein R and n are as defined above, and also relates to a method for assaying the compounds of the formula (I) using a corresponding deuterated derivative as an internal reference, as well as to the use of ketal derivatives of compounds of the formula (I) as a stable precursor, in particular in a flavoring composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline hydrochloride salt of (S)-3-[(S)-1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salt, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salt, and methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds of formula I: where X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R4, and n are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: [Object] A novel method for producing an optically active pyrrolidine compound, which is useful as a production intermediate of a pharmaceutical, and a production intermediate thereof, is provided. [Means for Solution] According to the production method of the present invention, a chloro compound that is a key intermediate can be produced efficiently industrially by subjecting a mixture of regioisomers obtained by reacting an optically active epoxy compound substituted with aryl, which is easily available, with an amine compound, to chlorination. Furthermore, an optically active pyrrolidine compound can be produced industrially efficiently with the key intermediate.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline hydrochloride salt of (S)-3-[(S)-1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropyl]pyrrolidine. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline salt, processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline salt, and methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of formulae I to II that bind to androgen receptors and/or modulate activity of androgen receptors; and to methods for making and using such compounds. Also provided are compositions including such compounds and methods for making and using such compositions.