Abstract: Novel thioether compounds are disclosed which are useful as flavoring materials to enhance or impart meat-like flavors to foodstuffs. These compounds have the general formula ##STR1## where X can be, under specified conditions, --CH.sub.2 --, oxygen, or sulfur, Y can be oxygen or sulfur and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or 1 to 3 carbon alkyl groups.

Abstract: m-Hydroxyphenyl substituted compounds of formula ##STR1## where R is an organic radical and R.sup.1 is hydroen or an organic radical are prepared by dehydrohalogenating a compound of formula ##STR2## (where X is chlorine or bromine, and R and R.sup.1 have the above meanings). Preferred novel starting materials of formula (II) are of the formula ##STR3## (where R.sup.1 and X are as above, n is 2,3 or 4, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl(lower)alkyl or aryl(lower)alkyl).

Abstract: Sulfides prepared by reacting a sulfoxide with a hydrazine or hydroxylamine derivative or a quaternary salt thereof are useful starting materials for the preparation of drugs, pesticides and dyes.

Abstract: The novel compounds cis-3-hydroxy-4-mercaptotetrahydrothiophene (I) and octahydrodithieno(3,4-b:3',4'e) 1,4-dithin (II) are prepared from 1,4-dithiothreitol and 1,4-dithioerythritol respectively. (I) has utility as an antibacterial agent. (II) has utility as an odorant.

Abstract: Bis(carboxamide) derivatives being useful as histamine H.sub.2 receptor antagonists or anti-peptic ulcer agents are provided from certain dicarboxylic acid derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for substituting for a halogen atom attached to the nuclear carbon atom of an aromatic ring, a substituent of the formula --O--R wherein R represents alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or benzyl, which process comprises reacting the halogen-substituted aromatic compound with an alcoholate of the formula M.sup.n+ [O--R].sub.n.sup..crclbar. wherein M is an alkali metal atom or alkaline earth metal atom, n is the valency of M, and R is as defined above, in the presence of an active catalyst mixture comprising (i) a formic acid ester of an organic alcohol having the formula R.sup.2 --O--CO--H wherein R.sup.2 is as defined for R above; and (ii) a cuprous salt; in a liquid medium which is a solvent for the catalyst mixture and in which the halogen-substituted aromatic compound is at least partially soluble, under substantially anhydrous conditions and a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The invention further relates to a catalyst used in the above process.

Abstract: Thiophene derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y and Z are as herein defined, said compounds being useful as fungicides, are described.

Abstract: The novel compounds of the formula I are useful selective herbicides for postemergence application in crops of cereals, maize and rice.In formula I, ##STR1## A is an unsubstituted or substituted amino group, Q is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene bridge, Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom or an unsubstituted or substituted nitrogen atom, and Z is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl or heterocyclic radical, which phenyl radical, containing the bridge member Y, can additionally carry one to four further substituents.

Abstract: The known synthesis for the production of aromatic substituted acetonitriles by reaction of aromatic substances with cyanogen chloride in the gas phase is improved by feeding the starting materials in gaseous form and separated from each other into the reactor. The process can be used to synthesize in general aromatic and especially hetero-aromatic substituted acetonitrile.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel analogs of carbacyclin (CBA.sub.2), 6a-carba-prostacyclin (6a-carba-PGI.sub.2), which have pronounced prostacyclin-like pharmacological activity, e.g., as platelet antiaggregatory agents. Specifically the novel chemical analogs of CBA.sub.2 are those substituted by fluoro (C-5), alkyl (C-9), interphenylene (C-5), and methano (C-6a,9). Further provided are benzindene analogs of CBA.sub.2 and substituted forms thereof, i.e., 9-deoxy-2',9-methano (or 2',9-metheno)-3-oxa-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-(1',3'-interphenylene)-PGF.sub.1 compounds. Also provided are a variety of novel chemical intermediates, e.g., substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane intermediates, and chemical process utilizing such intermediates which are useful in the preparation of the novel CBA.sub.2 analogs.

Abstract: Novel compounds are described which are substituted benzophenone hydrazones. They have pesticidal activity, especially against insects and acarids, and pesticidal compositions and methods are described. Methods of making the compounds, and novel intermediates, are also described.

Abstract: Novel compounds are described which are substituted benzophenone hydrazones. They have pesticidal activity, especially against insects and acarids, and pesticidal compositions and methods are described. Methods of making the compounds, and novel intermediates, are also described.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient and commercially adaptable process for the preparation of vinylcyclopropane derivatives in high yield. For the process an alkylating agent and activated methylene compound are reacted in the presence of an alkylene oxide derivative and alkali metal compound. Water can also be present and/or the reaction may be carried out in an inert organic diluent.

Abstract: 3-(2-Thiophenesulfonyl)-2-halopropanenitriles of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is H, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, Br or Cl and X is Br or Cl. The compounds have antimicrobial utility.

Abstract: Antiinflammatory 5-substituted-2,3-diarylthiophenes, such as 2,3-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethylthio)thiophene, useful for treating arthritis and related diseases.

Abstract: Heterocyclic sulfenamides, such as N-[2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N-[2,4-dinitro-6-trifluoromethyl)ph enyl]-3-nitro-2-pyridinesulfenamide, are useful as miticides, insecticides, fungicides and ovicides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## are disclosed wherein R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, phenyl, halophenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, indanyl, phenacyl, p-nitrophenacyl, xylyl or acetoxymethyl; R.sup.1 is phenyl, benzyl or phenyl or benzyl substituted by halo, nitro, dialkylamino, alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, lower alkyl or allyl; and X is halo. The compounds are intermediates in the manufacture of penicillins.

Abstract: Fluorinated-alkyl sulfides represented by [R.sub.f (CH.sub.2).sub.n S].sub.z Q where R.sub.f is fluoroalkyl, n is 2 or 3, z is 1 or 2, and Q is an aryl, alkylaryl, alkyl heterocyclic or heterocyclic radical, are useful as surfactants or as intermediates for the preparation of salt-type, quaternary-salt, or amphoteric surfactants.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient and commercially adaptable process for the preparation of vinylcyclopropane derivatives in high yields. The process involves reacting an alkylating agent and an activated methylene compound in the presence of an onium compound, an alkali metal compound and water, which while only necessary in trace amounts can be present in substantial quantities.

Abstract: A method of reducing the content of a haloethynyl-containing impurity in a synthetic dihaloethenylcyclopropanecarboxylate by treatment with a phosphite under condition allowing the haloethynyl-containing impurity and phosphite to chemically interact, and thereafter recovering the dihaloethenylcyclopropanecarboxylate from the reaction mixture is disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; andR.sub.2 is methyl or ethyl;and non-toxic, physiologically acceptable salts thereof formed with an inorganic or organic base. The compounds as well as their salts are useful as sweetening agents.

Abstract: Novel 9-substituted or unsubstituted thienyl-3,7-dimethyl-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraene derivatives, useful as antitumor agents as well as processes for their preparation and novel intermediates are disclosed.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic No. 2-200 represented by the formula ##STR1## which has a broad antimicrobial spectrum and a process for producing the same by cultivating an antibiotic No. 2-200 producing microorganism of the genus Nocardia, and recovering by isolation the antibiotic No. 2-200 accumulated in the culture.

Abstract: Substituted thiophenes of the following formula, some of which are new compounds, are useful in controlling certain pests, particularly mites: ##STR1## wherein A, Y and Z are various substituents such as phenyl and substituted phenyl.

Abstract: A process for producing a lactone-substituted aniline wherein an alpha-halo-gamma-butyrolactone is reacted with an aniline in the presence of water at a temperature between 80.degree. and 160.degree. C. Thus, 3-(N-2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-gamma-butyrolactone is prepared by reacting an alpha-halo-gamma-butyrolactone with 2,6-dimethylaniline in the presence of water and an inert organic solvent at a temperature between 80.degree. and 160.degree. C. This process is advantageously combined with a subsequent acylation step to provide a continuous means for making materials such as 3-(N-chloroacetyl-N-2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-gamma-butyrolactone.