Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a compound having a glucokinase-activating effect. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound represented by the general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient: wherein X means a nitrogen atom or CR6, wherein R6 means a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 means a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group or a C1-C6 alkylthio group; R2 means a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; R3 means a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and one of R4 and R5 means a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and the other means a C1-C6 alkylenecarboxylic acid, a C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl group, a C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl group, or CONH2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds having a formula: Therapeutic methods, medicaments, and compositions related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compounds effective in ameliorating conditions characterized by unwanted calcium channel activity, particularly unwanted T-type calcium channel activity are disclosed. Specifically, a series of compounds containing thienopyrimidine or oxoquinazoline derivatives are disclosed of the general formula (1) or formula (2) where X is a linker and Y is an aromatic moiety or N(R5)(R6).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a salt selected from the group comprising the N-methyl-D-glucamine salt (NMG), the diethylamine salt (DEA) salt, the magnesium salt, the tromethamine salt, the choline salt, the L-arginine salt, the zinc salt, and the 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholine (HEM) salt of compounds of the general formula (I) wherein X is selected from the group consisting of CH2, S, or O; D is O or S; R8 is hydrogen or alkyl; E is an optionally substituted phenylene group; Y is a monocyclic or bicyclic substituted or unsubstituted 6-9 membered ring system which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N or S and which contains at least one aromatic ring; n is 0 or 1; and q is 0 or 1; with the proviso that compounds wherein X?CH2, q=0, Y=unsubstituted phenyl and E=unsubstituted phenylene are excluded; or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: Gamma-amino-butyric acid derivatives that are GABAB receptor ligands, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such derivatives, and methods of using such derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating diseases are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment and prevention of immunological and inflammatory disorders with a compound of formula (I) in combination with methotrexate,

Abstract: The present invention relates to calcium salts of compounds of the general formula (I) wherein X is selected from the group consisting of CH2, S, or O; D is O or S; R8 is hydrogen or alkyl; E is an optionally substituted phenylene group; Y is a monocyclic or bicyclic substituted or unsubstituted 6-9 membered ring system which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N or S and which contains at least one aromatic ring; n is 0 or 1, and q is 0 or 1; with the proviso that compounds wherein X?CH2, q=0, Y=unsubstituted phenyl and E=unsubstituted phenylene are excluded; or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35, and/or GPR35-hERG signaling complex. For example, disclosed are compounds for preventing and/or treating diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35 in a subject.

Abstract: This invention provides well defined 6-alkyl or hydroxyalkyl-1-naphthamide or quinoline compounds for treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Abstract: Disclosed are a serious of 2?,5?-dimethoxychalcone derivatives for treating cancer, wherein 2,5-dimethoxyacetophenone and methyl 4-formylbenzoate are condensed to form 4-carboxyl-2?,5?-dimethoxychalcone (compound 1), which is further reacted with alkyl halides or amines to synthesize the chalcone derivatives of compounds 2-17. In addition, 2,5-dimethoxyacetophenone is reacted with 5-formyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid to form compound 18 (3-(3-thiophene)carboxyl-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one). The synthesized 2?,5?-dimethoxychalcone derivatives can be acted as microtubule-targeted tubulin-polymerizing agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound of the formula. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds having a formula: Therapeutic methods, medicaments, and compositions related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides well-defined amides for treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof are disclosed, wherein a dashed line represents the presence or absence of a bond; and, wherein Y, A, R, D, and n are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds comprising Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are disclosed, wherein J1, J2, U1, B, Y, and A are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed, for treating glaucoma, inflammatory bowel disease and baldness.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds represented by a formula: Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound according to one of the formulas wherein R is Additionally, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of treating disease, medicaments, and compositions related thereto, are further elaborated herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound according to one of the formulas or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, medicaments for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension and compositions related thereto, as further elaborated herein.

Abstract: An N-2-(hetero)arylethylcarboxamide derivative represented by the formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom etc., R3 and R4 are each independently a hydrogen atom etc., each Y is independently a halogen atom; a (C1-C6)alkyl group optionally substituted by halogen atom(s) etc., n is an integer of 1 to 5, A is a specific substituted cyclic group, E is C—H; C—Y (Y is as defined above); or a nitrogen atom, a salt thereof, and a pest controlling agent containing the derivative or salt as an active ingredient show superior performance as compared to the prior art technique, and are is useful particularly as plant disease controlling agents or nematocides having a broad control spectrum at a low dose.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds useful in treating glaucoma, inflammatory bowel disease, the stimulation of hair growth, and the stimulation of the conversion of vellus hair to terminal hair. The compounds themselves are herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound having a formula therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid is provided. A method for producing 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid, which comprises reacting a compound represented by the formula (I): (wherein X is a chlorine atom or a bromine atom) with magnesium in the presence of an alkyl halide to give a Grignard reagent represented by the formula (II): (wherein X is the same as defined above), reacting the Grignard reagent of the formula (II) with carbon dioxide, and acidifying the reaction product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of cis substituted cyclic ?-aryl or heteroaryl carboxylic acid derivatives in high diastereo- and enantioselectivity by enantioselective hydrogenation in accordance with the following scheme wherein X, Ar, n, and m are defined hereinand corresponding salts thereof.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds of Formula (I) having the structure: where A, J, R1, R4, Z and X are described herein; and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, which modulate the activity of store-operated calcium (SOC) channels. Also described herein are methods of using such SOC channel modulators, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating diseases or conditions that would benefit from inhibition of SOC channel activity.

Abstract: Compounds comprising formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a dashed line represent the presence or absence of a double bond, are disclosed, wherein J1, J2, U1, B, Y, and A are as described in claims 1-12. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed, for treating glaucoma, inflammatory bowel disease and baldness.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of e.g. the formulas (Ie) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which is useful in a medicine wherein the symbols and substituents have the following meaning—X— is e.g. and Y is e.g. or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or amides and prodrugs of the above identified compounds can be applied to modulate the in-vitro and in-vivo binding processes mediated by E-, P- or L-selectin binding.

Abstract: The disclosures herein relate generally to acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of (±)-4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid and analogs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, methods of making prodrugs of (±)-4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid and analogs thereof, methods of using prodrugs of (±)-4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid and analogs thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating or preventing common diseases and/or disorders such as spasticity and/or acid reflux disease. The disclosures herein also relate to acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of (±)-4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid and analogs thereof which are suitable for oral administration and to sustained release oral dosage forms thereof.

Abstract: Novel ligand compounds having the structural formula (I): in which: Ar is a radical selected from among the radical of formulae (a) to (c) below: are formulated into pharmaceutical compositions suited for administration in human or veterinary medicine, or, alternatively, into cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are thiocolchicine derivatives suitable for use as muscle relaxants, methods of making the derivatives, and compositions comprising the derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds that are useful as immunosuppressive agents and for treating and preventing inflammatory conditions, allergic disorders, and immune disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) and salts and physiologically functional derivatives thereof, for the use as a medicament.

Abstract: Gamma-amino-butyric acid derivatives that are GABAB receptor ligands, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such derivatives, and methods of using such derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating diseases are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the palladium-catalyzed coupling of terminal alkynes with heteroaryl tosylates and heteroaryl benzenesulfonates The present invention relates to a process for the regioselective synthesis of compounds of the formula (I), wherein D, J and W have the meanings indicated in the claims. The present invention provides an efficient and general palladium-catalyzed coupling process of heteroaryl tosylates with terminal alkynes to a wide variety of substituted, multifunctional heteroaryl-1-alkynes of the formula I.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, are disclosed, wherein G, B, Y, and A are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, are disclosed, wherein G, B, D, and Y are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound having a formula therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound according to one of the formulas or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, medicaments for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension and compositions related thereto, as further elaborated herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2,5-bis{[alkyl (or aryl) imino] aminophenyl}furans and thiophenes of the general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, halide, and alkylhalide groups; R5 is H, alkyl or aryl; R6 is H, alkyl, aryl, or NR7R8, in which R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl and aryl; and X is O, S or NR9, in which R9 is H or alkyl, and to the use of such compounds.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): wherein: R1 is —SR10, —O—C(O)—R11, —NR12R13, where R10 is a C1-8-alkyl group or a phenyl group unsubstituted or substituted by a C1-4-alkyl group, R11 is a thiophenenyl, furanyl or pyrrolyl group, R12 is H or a C1-4-alkyl group and R13 is a C1-8-alkyl group or a phenyl group unsubstituted or substituted by a C1-4-alkyl group; R2 is H or a C1-4-alkyl group; R3 and R4 are independently H or C1-4-alkyl groups; R5 and R6 are independently H, OH or OR14, or taken together are ?O, where R14 is a protecting group; R7 is H or a C1-4-alkyl group; and, R8 is H, R9 is OH and R15 is H, or R15 is H and R8 and R9 taken together are —O—, or R9 is OH and R8 and R15 taken together form a bond; and, R18 and R19 are both H, or R18 and R19 taken together form a bond, or a plant physiologically acceptable salt thereof is useful for inhibiting 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) in a plant or seed and is therefore useful for regulating ABA biosynthesis in the plant or seed.

Abstract: An amide is formed by reacting an ?-ketoacid or salt thereof in a decarboxylative condensation reaction with an amine or salt thereof comprising a nitrogen covalently bound to an atom selected from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The amide bond is formed between the ?-carbon of the ketoacid and the nitrogen of the amine. The ?-ketoacid can be formed using a novel sulfur reagent.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, are disclosed, wherein J1, J2, U1, B, Y, and A are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with novel substituted thiophene derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1 to R8, X, m and n are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts and esters thereof. These compounds are HM74A agonists and can be used as medicaments.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound of the formula (I). Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments, related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, are disclosed, wherein Y, A, and B are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides EP2 agonists, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods of using these compounds and compositions for lowering intraocular pressure and thereby treating glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel O-acyloxime derivatives, a preparation method thereof and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The O-acyloxime derivatives according to the present invention may valuably be used for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia, coronary arterial heart disease, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction caused by Lp-PLA2, because they have excellent inhibitory effect of Lp-PLA2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound having a formula therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate form thereof, wherein the variables A, L, Z, R3, and ring B are as defined herein. The compounds of Formula (I) are useful as selective inhibitors of serine protease enzymes of the coagulation cascade and/or contact activation system; for example thrombin, factor Xa, factor XIa, factor IXa, factor VIIa and/or plasma kallikrein. In particular, it relates to compounds that are selective factor XIa inhibitors. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of treating thromboembolic and/or inflammatory disorders using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to epothilone derivatives, having the following formula in which the variables G, W, Q, X, Y, B1, B2, Z1, Z2, and R1-R7 are as defined herein, methods for the preparation of the derivatives and intermediates thereof.