Abstract: A process is herein described for preparing carboxylated organic compounds (acids, esters, alkaline salts) of formula ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having up to 11 carbon atoms (an aliphatic, alicyclic, aryl- or heteroarylalkyl group), also substituted, in its turn, by groups inert under the reaction conditions (alkyl, aryl, etheric, thioetheric, halogen, nitrile, ester, amide, ketonic groups), and R' is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 group, by reaction of carbon monoxide with the corresponding hydrocarbyl halides, having the halogen bound to a non-tertiary carbon atom, in the presence of catalysts which are salts of cobalt hydrocarbonyl, or precursors thereof, in a hydro-alcoholic or alcoholic solvent and in the presence of bases.The process is characterized in that the catalytic system composed by the salt of cobalt hydrocarbonyl is supported on an anion exchange resin.

Abstract: Substituted hydroquinone compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are hydrogen or alkyl and Z is an aromatic ring or a group of the formula --X--Y--X--, wherein X is an aromatic ring and Y is an electron withdrawing group, are incorporated as developers into photographic materials. These materials are suitable for activation processings.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen or alkyl, X represents the atoms to complete an aromatic heterocyclic ring system and Y is hydrogen or has the meaning assigned to X, are readily cleaved in alkaline solutions to release a hydroquinone derivative.The compounds can be incorporated into photographic materials used for activation processing.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid-containing compounds are esterified by reacting at elevated temperatures with organic esters of trichloroacetic acid in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: The invention provides 2-methoxyphenyl esters of N-substituted amino acids, which have mucolytic, antitussive and antiinflammatory activity.

Abstract: An improved process for exterifying carboxyaromatics is disclosed wherein an anhydride of a carboxyaromatic, such as pyromellitic dianhydride, is reacted with a fluorinated alcohol and an epoxide to give a mixed ester capable of imparting oil and/or water repellency to textiles. The improvement comprises utilizing the epoxide as the reaction medium to reduce reaction times and waste water treatment requirements.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid-containing compounds are esterified by reacting at elevated temperatures with an organic ester of trichloroacetic acid and an electrophilic halide in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: N-[2-(2-thenoyl)thiopropionyl]-glycine is prepared, according to a process which is especially advantageous for the purity and the stability of the product, by means of N-acylation of glycine with an activated derivative of 2-(2-thenoyl)thiopropionic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed and claimed a process for preparing aryl- and heteroarylhexadienoic acids which is characterized in that an aryl- or heteroarylacetylene having the formula: R--C.tbd.CH, wherein R is an aryl or heteroaryl group, optionally substituted and having in the aggregate up to 20 carbon atoms, is reacted with 3-butenoic acid CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --COOH, in an alcoholic medium, at temperatures maintained between 50.degree. C. and 120.degree. C., approximately, in the presence of a catalyst selected from among the phosphinic complexes of rhodium having the formulas: III, Rh(PR'.sub.3).sub.n L.sub.m X associated with alkaline salts of carboxylic acids having up to 4 carbon atoms, and IV, Rh(PR'.sub.3).sub.n L.sub.p.sup.+ Y.sup.

Abstract: 11-Oxoprostaglandin derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or alkyl of 1-5 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 is alkyl of 1-5 carbon atoms, alkylaryl, cycloalkyl of 5-6 ring carbon atoms and a total of 5-10 carbon atoms; benzodioxol-2-yl, phenyl, naphthyl or phenyl or naphthyl substituted by phenyl, halogen, alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, chloromethyl, fluoromethyl, carboxyl or hydroxy;A is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, cis--CH.dbd.CH--, or trans--CH.dbd.CH--;B is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or trans--CH.dbd.CH--,D and E collectively are a direct bond or D is alkylene of 1-5 carbon atoms and E is an oxygen or sulfur atom; esters thereof; readily cleavable 9,15 and 9,15 ethers thereof; methanesulfonylamides thereof, and physiologically acceptable salts thereof with bases; possess the activity of the corresponding natural prostaglandins with a surprisingly longer duration of effectiveness, greater selectivity, and better effects, and can be produced, e.g.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing d-biotin from L cysteine via substituted thiens [3,2c] isoxazoles.

Abstract: This invention relates to acylated furanyl acrylic acids, salts, esters and amides, to acylated thienyl acrylic acids, salts, esters and amides, and to their use as hypolipidemic agents, and to the processes for producing said compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient and commercially adaptable process for the preparation of vinylcyclopropane derivatives in high yield. For the process an alkylating agent and activated methylene compound are reacted in the presence of an alkylene oxide derivative and alkali metal compound. Water can also be present and/or the reaction may be carried out in an inert organic diluent.

Abstract: Sulfonylureas of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, X and Y have the indicated meanings, as well as their physiologically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical preparations on the basis of these compounds and their use in the treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: Arylacetic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## with R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 specifically defined and which are useful as antirheumatic and antiinflammatory pharmaceuticals are practiced by catalytic hydrogenation of new compounds of the formula ##STR2## in which R and R.sup.10 are also specifically defined. The method of making the latter compound is also set forth.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel pesticidal esters of the pyrethrin or pyrethroid type in which the methylene group bonded to the ester carbonyl and/or ester oxygen bears a fluorine substituent. The compounds of the invention are active against insect pests including flies, moths, aphids and beetles and acarina pests including ticks.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing oxime compounds of the formula I given herein are suitable for protecting cultivated plants against the phytotoxic action of aggressive agricultural chemicals, particularly herbicides. There are described methods for producing sulfur-containing oxime compounds of this type, and examples are given illustrating the application of these compounds.

Abstract: Iodopropargyl derivatives of formula:IC.tbd.CCH.sub.2 OR[wherein R represents an alkanoyl group (which may be unsubstituted or have one or more halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted .alpha.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient and commercially adaptable process for the preparation of vinylcyclopropane derivatives in high yields. The process involves reacting an alkylating agent and an activated methylene compound in the presence of an onium compound, an alkali metal compound and water, which while only necessary in trace amounts can be present in substantial quantities.

Abstract: New dicyclic thiophene compounds having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein X is an ester or cyano group and Y is a substituted amino group. The compounds are useful as agricultural chemicals and particularly as ripeners for sugarcane.

Abstract: N-substituted .omega.-aminoalkanoyl-.omega.-aminoalkanoic acids and their pharmacologically-acceptable salts (with a base) are useful, e.g., in pharmaceutical-composition form for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases which are based on inadequate performance of the pancreas, the bile and/or the liver. The compounds are prepared, e.g., by reacting an N-(mono- or di-substituted) .omega.-amino-alkanoic acid with an N-(unsubstituted or monosubstituted) .omega.-aminoalkanoic acid.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing d-biotin from L-cystine via novel intermediates.

Abstract: This disclosure describes 4-[(unsaturated or cyclopropylated alkyl)amino]benzoic acids and derivatives useful as hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic agents.

Abstract: Novel 9-substituted or unsubstituted thienyl-3,7-dimethyl-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraene derivatives, useful as antitumor agents as well as processes for their preparation and novel intermediates are disclosed.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid anhydrides are contacted with hydrogen in the presence of an insoluble metal hydrogenation catalyst and strong protonic acid to produce 1,1-diesters.

Abstract: An improved process for obtaining 5-methoxy-psoralene from bergamot oil, a method for preparing the compound 5-hydroxy-psoralene from 5-methoxy-psoralene and a method of making novel psoralene derivatives by replacing the hydrogen atom of the 5-hydroxy group with an R group are disclosed. These compounds are prepared by reacting the 5-hydroxy-psoralene with a halide RX in the presence of sodium hydride. Compounds of particular interest are those of which the radical R is: alkanoyl of not more than 10 carbon atoms; orthoacetoxy-benzoyl; .alpha.thenoyl; O,O diethyl-phosphono; diethylaminoethyl, and 2'3'4'6' tetra .alpha. acetyl D-gluco pyranosyl.

Abstract: Isopropyl 4,10-dihydro-10-oxothieno[3,2-c][1]benzoxepin-8-acetate is synthesized from 4-(2-carboxy-3-thienylmethoxy)phenylacetic acid by a process comprising acid halide formation, ring closure catalyzed by aluminum trihalide and esterification with isopropyl alcohol. The three reaction steps are carried out successively in the same reactor without any isolation or purification of intermediate products and a surprisingly high overall yield is obtained. Additionally, a valuable chemical, aluminum isopropoxide is obtained as a by-product of this process and significant advantages in terms of environmental pollution and waste water costs are achieved.

Abstract: Novel derivatives of glycolic and glyoxylic acid are disclosed which inhibit glycolic acid oxidase and thus are useful in the treatment and prevention of calcium oxalate urolithiasis (calcium oxalate kidney and bladder stone disease).

Abstract: 4-(Thien-2-oyl- and thien-3-oylphenyl)pentan-2-ones and 4-(thien-2-oyl- and thien-3-oylphenyl)butan-2-ones, the corresponding pentan-2-ols and butan-2-ols, and esters of the latter alkanols are anti-inflammatory agents. The compounds, of which 4-[4-(2-thienoyl)phenyl]pentan-2-one is a representative embodiment, can be prepared by acylation of the corresponding 4-phenylpentan-2-one, 4-phenylbutan-2-one, or an ester of the corresponding pentan-2-ol or butan-2-ol, with a thienylcarboxylic acid, or by acylation of a 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)pentan-2-one, 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)butan-2-one or an ester of the corresponding pentan-2-ol or butan-2-ol with thiophene, optionally in either case with subsequent reduction of the resultant alkanone and with optional esterification of the resultant alkanol.