Abstract: Carbon-based materials, and associated methods and articles, are generally provided. In some embodiments, a carbon-based material comprises a carbon-based portion and a functional group bonded to the carbon-based portion. The functional group may be capable of forming a reversible covalent bond with a species. Carbon may make up greater than or equal to 30 wt % of the carbon-based portion. The carbon-based portion may comprise graphene, and a ratio of a total number of functional groups in a plurality of functional groups bonded to the graphene to a total number of carbon atoms in the plurality of carbon atoms of the graphene may be greater than or equal to 1:50. The carbon-based portion may comprise graphene, and greater than or equal to 70% of the graphene sheets may be spaced apart from their nearest neighbors by a distance of greater than or equal to 10 ?. A method may comprise applying a voltage to a carbon-based material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I), wherein Z, m and R1-R6 are as described herein, as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors particularly the ?7 subtype, in a subject in need thereof, as well as analogs, prodrugs, isotopically substituted analogs, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, polymorphs, solvates, isomers, clathrates, and co-crystal thereof, for use either alone or in combinations with suitable other medicaments, and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and analogs. Also disclosed are a process of preparation of the compounds and the intended uses thereof in therapy, particularly in the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, senile dementia, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having cytostatic activity against tumor cells. The compounds of the invention are of formula (I), or derivatives hereof, wherein R0, R1, R2, A, and X have defined meanings as described in claim 1.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a compound of formula and/or an addition salt of a proton acid, wherein R1 and R2 independently represent alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, each aryl or aralkyl being optionally further substituted with alkyl, alkoxy and/or halogen.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula: wherein: Ar, Z, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have AT1 receptor antagonist activity and neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides diacylhydrazine ligands and chiral diacylhydrazine ligands for use with ecdysone receptor-based inducible gene expression systems. Thus, the present invention is useful for applications such as gene therapy, large scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based screening assays, functional genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and regulation of traits in transgenic organisms, where control of gene expression levels is desirable. An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a means to regulate gene expression and to tailor expression levels to suit the user's requirements.

Abstract: The invention is directed to thiophenecarboxamide derivatives of formulae I and II as EP4 receptor ligands, antagonists or agonists, useful for the treatment of EP4 mediated diseases or conditions, such as acute and chronic pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and glaucoma. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are also included. (Formulas I and II).

Abstract: Problem to Be Solved: to provide a chromophore having a far superior nonlinear optical activity to conventional chromophores and to provide a nonlinear optical element comprising said chromophore. Solution: a chromophore comprising a donor structure D, a ?-conjugated bridge structure B, and an acceptor structure A, the donor structure D comprising an aryl group substituted with a substituted oxy group; and a nonlinear optical element comprising said chromophore.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing duloxetine hydrochloride with higher yield and lower cost.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula I, their use as inhibitors of the microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1), pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use as medicaments for the treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory diseases and associated conditions such as inflammatory/nociceptive pain. A, M, R1, R2, R7, Ra, Rb, Q3, Q4, Q6, Z2, Z4, Z5, Z6 and W have meanings given in the description.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I): wherein ‘D’, ‘E’, ‘m’, ‘n’ and R1-R4 are as described herein, as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors particularly the ?7 subtype, in a subject in need thereof, as well as analogues, prodrugs, isotopically substituted analogs, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, polymorphs, solvates, isomers, clathrates, and co-crystal thereof, for use either alone or in combinations with suitable other medicaments, and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and analogues. Also disclosed are a process of preparation of the compounds and the intended uses thereof in therapy, particularly in the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, senile dementia, and the like.

Abstract: Sphingolipid metabolite mimetics and methods of synthesizing them are provided. The sphingolipid metabolite mimetics are shown to be effective at inducing apoptosis in various types of tumor cells. Further, the sphingolipid metabolite mimetics are shown to be effective at sensitizing multiple types of tumor cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Formulations containing one or more sphingolipid metabolite mimetics and, optionally, one or more cell death receptor agonists are provided. Methods of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof are provided using one or more sphingolipid metabolite mimetics.

Abstract: A redox-active conductive polymer includes a charged tether. An interpenetrating network including such a conducting polymer can be switched between two states of diffusivity (porosity) by application of a voltage. Such a material can be useful in breathable protective clothing, controlled release, intelligent sensing/filtration, novel separation processes, nanomanufacturing, and other areas.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, or prodrug thereof wherein X, Y, A, Z, L and n are defined herein. These compounds are useful as immunosuppressive agents and for treating and preventing inflammatory conditions and immune disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of reducing blood pressure in a subject by administering a plasma kallikrein inhibitor.

Abstract: Provided is a compound represented by formula (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. (In the formula, A is C6-10 arylene, etc.; R1a, R1b and R1c each independently is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-4 alkyl group, a C1-4 alkoxy group, etc.; R2 is an optionally substituted C6-10 aryl group, an optionally substituted 5- to 12-membered monocyclic or polycyclic heteroaryl group, an optionally substituted C7-16 aralkyl group, etc.; m is 0, etc.; n is an integer of 0 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of natural medicine and pharmaceutical chemistry, and specifically relates to novel amidated derivatives of oleanolic acid according to formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a process for the preparation of these compounds, compositions containing such compounds and their use in preparing antineoplastic medicaments.

Abstract: The present application relates to known and novel aryl- and hetarylcarboxamides of the formula (I) and to their use as medicaments for controlling endoparasites in animals or humans, and also to parasiticidal compositions, in particular endoparasites, comprising aryl- and hetarylcyclylcarboxamides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I, wherein A, Y, Z, R3 to R6, R20 to R22 and R50 have the meanings indicated in the claims, which are valuable pharmaceutical active compounds. Specifically, they are inhibitors of the endothelial differentiation gene receptor 2 (Edg-2, EDG2), which is activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and is also termed as LPA1 receptor, and are useful for the treatment of diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and heart failure, for example. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds of the formula I, their use and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds that modulate C3a receptors and their use in the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, cancers, metabolic disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and associated cardiovascular diseases are described. The use of the compounds in stimulating or suppressing an immune response is also described together with pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Abstract: The present invention provides methylene beta-ketoester monomers, methods for producing the same, and compositions and products formed therefrom. In the method for producing the methylene beta-ketoesters of the invention, a beta-ketoester is reacted with a source of formaldehyde in a modified Knoevenagel reaction optionally in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, and optionally in the presence of an acidic or non-acidic solvent, to form reaction complex. The reaction complex may be an oligomeric complex. The reaction complex is subjected to further processing, which may be vaporization by contact with an energy transfer means in order to isolate the beta-ketoester monomer. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

Abstract: The present invention provides methylene beta-diketone monomers, methods for producing the same, and compositions and products formed therefrom. In the method for producing the methylene beta-diketones of the invention, a beta-diketone is reacted with a source of formaldehyde in a modified Knoevenagel reaction optionally in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, and optionally in the presence of an acidic or non-acidic solvent, to form reaction complex. The reaction complex may be an oligomeric complex. The reaction complex is subjected to further processing, which may be vaporization by contact with an energy transfer means in order to isolate the beta-diketone monomer. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-diketone monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

Abstract: Provide herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions suitable as modulators of hemoglobin, methods and intermediates for their preparation, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediated by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from tissue and/or cellular oxygenation.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein X1, X2, X3, R2, R4b, R1, and G have values as described in the specification, useful as inhibitors of HDAC6. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of proliferative, inflammatory, infectious, neurological or cardiovascular diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I, wherein A, Y, Z, R3 to R6, R20 to R22 and R50 have the meanings indicated in the claims, which are valuable pharmaceutical active compounds. Specifically, they are inhibitors of the endothelial differentiation gene receptor 2 (Edg-2, EDG2), which is activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and is also termed as LPA1 receptor, and are useful for the treatment of diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and heart failure, for example. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds of the formula I, their use and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Abstract: The present application provides novel compounds and methods for preparing and using these compounds. These compounds are useful in treating pain, itch, overactive bladder and/or interstitial cystitis in patients by administering one or more of the compounds to a patient. The methods include administering a compound of formula (I) and a TRPV1 receptor activator. In one embodiment, the TRPV1 receptor activator is lidocaine.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I): compositions comprising such compounds; the use of such compounds in therapy (for example in the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition in which plasma kallikrein activity is implicated); and methods of treating patients with such compounds; wherein R1 to R9 are as defined herein.

Abstract: Benzamide derivatives of formula I are described and have therapeutic utility, particularly in the treatment of diabetes, obesity and related conditions and disorders: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and n are as defined herein.

Abstract: Methods and compounds for treating cancer, dmg resistance and/or metastasis are described herein. These methods and compounds can inhibit the expression of aberrant TG2 expression and/or inhibit the binding of GTP to TG2, and thereby prevent the induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition of cancer cells, and a stem cell-like phenotype.

Abstract: The present invention provides aryl- or heteroaryl-diketo acid compounds effective to inhibit an activity of a Mycobacterial malate synthase enzyme or to inhibit a malate synthase activity in other bacteria having the enzyme. The compounds may be phenyl- naphthyl-, or thienyl-substituted diketo acids and carboxylate derivatives thereof. Also provided are methods of treating tuberculosis or other pathophysiological conditions associated with a malate synthase enzyme with the inhibitory compounds and methods of in silico design of the inhibitory compounds. In addition, the present invention provides the inhibitory compounds designed by this method. Furthermore, three-dimensional X-ray crystal structures of the Mycobacterial malate synthase complexed with the inhibitory compounds are provided. Further still a method for stabilizing an aromatic or heteroaromatic diketo acid or its prodrug or close analog in solution by derivatizing at least the ortho position on the aromatic ring is provided.

Abstract: There is provided an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing (A) a compound represented by the following formula (1-1); an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using the composition; and a pattern forming method: in the formula, R1, R2, R3, R4 and Y? are the same as those in formula (1-1) set forth in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-cycloalkyl-N-biphenylmethyl-carboxamide derivatives of formula (I) wherein A, Z1, Z2, Z3, X, n, Y and m represent various substituents, their process of preparation, preparation intermediate compounds, their use as fungicide active agents, particularly in the form of fungicide compositions and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi, notably of plants, using these compounds or compositions

Abstract: Novel 2-alkylcycloalk(en)ylcarboxamides of the formula (I) in which X, s, R1, L, R2 and A are as defined in the description, a plurality of processes for preparing these compounds and their use for controlling unwanted microorganisms, and also novel intermediates and their preparation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I): wherein ‘D’, ‘E’, ‘m’, ‘n’ and R1-R4 are as described herein, as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors particularly the ?7 subtype, in a subject in need thereof, as well as analogues, prodrugs, isotopically substituted analogs, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, polymorphs, solvates, isomers, clathrates, and co-crystal thereof, for use either alone or in combinations with suitable other medicaments, and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and analogues. Also disclosed are a process of preparation of the compounds and the intended uses thereof in therapy, particularly in the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, senile dementia, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing (E)-N-monoalkyl-3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propenamine represented by Formula (1); wherein R is a C1-4 alkyl, the method comprising the steps of: maintaining a solution containing (Z)—N-monoalkyl-3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propenamine dissolved therein at 25° C. or below to deposit crystals and separating crystals having a particle diameter of 100 ?m or less from the deposited crystals; and a process for producing (E,Z)—N-monoalkyl-3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propenamine comprising the steps of: reacting an alkali metal salt of ?-oxo-?-(2-thienyl)propanal with a monoalkylamine compound; adding a water-insoluble organic solvent to the resulting reaction mixture; adding seed crystals containing (E)-N-monoalkyl-3-oxo-3-(2-thienyl)propenamine to an organic layer obtained by conducting separation; and keeping the resulting mixture at 25° C. or below.

Abstract: The invention features a series of heterocyclic derivatives that inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) induced necroptosis. The heterocyclic compounds of the invention are described by Formulas (I) and (Ia)-(Ie) and are shown to inhibit TNF-? induced necroptosis in FADD-deficient variant of human Jurkat T cells. The invention further features pharmaceutical compositions featuring the compounds of the invention. The compounds and compositions of the invention may also be used to treat disorders where necroptosis is likely to play a substantial role.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds having photoremovable protecting groups which are removed after the compounds absorbs light of a given wavelength and undergo an electrocyclic reaction between a chromophore in the compound attached via an anilide to a benzothiophene ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, or prodrug thereof wherein X, Y, A, Z, L and n are defined herein. These compounds are useful as immunosuppressive agents and for treating and preventing inflammatory conditions and immune disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds for inhibiting histone deacetylases, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives thereof. The present invention further provides methods for treating disorders regulated by histone deacetylase activity (e.g., proliferative diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases, protozoal infections, hair loss, etc.) comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention to a subject in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods for preparing compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-cycloalkyl-N-biphenylmethyl-carboxamide derivatives of formula (I) wherein A, Z1, Z2, Z3, X, n, Y and m represent various substituents, their process of preparation, preparation intermediate compounds, their use as fungicide active agents, particularly in the form of fungicide compositions and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi, notably of plants, using these compounds or compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds and methods for the inhibition of HDAC enzymatic activity. More particularly, the invention provides for compounds of formula (I), (I) and N-oxides, hydrates, solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and complexes thereof, and racemic and scalemic mixtures, diastereomers and enantiomers thereof, wherein L, M, n, R, W, X and Y are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. In particular, LFA-1 antagonists are described herein and these antagonists are used in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. One aspect of the invention provides for diagnosis of an LFA-1 mediated disease and administration of a LFA-1 antagonist, after the patient is diagnosed with a LFA-1 mediated disease. In some embodiments, the LFA-1 mediated diseases treated are dry eye disorders. Also provided herein are methods for identifying compounds which are LFA-1 antagonists.

Abstract: The invention relates to selective, non-steroidal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (l7beta-HSD2) inhibitors of formula (I), their production and use, notably for the treatment and prophylaxis of sex steroid deficient diseases like osteoporosis in men and women.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a compound having the formula (II) for the preparation of a compound having the formula (V). Methods of preparing the compound having the formula (V) using the compound having the formula (II) are also described. Individual reaction steps as well as intermediates are additionally claimed.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to compounds having the structure wherein Ar1, Ar2, R1-R6, Z, m, n, o, and p are defined herein. This disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds and methods for their use.

Abstract: Compounds that bind the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) receptor are provided including compounds which are modulators of the GLP-1 receptors and compounds which are capable of inducing a stabilizing effect on the receptor for use in structural analyses of the GLP-1 receptor. Methods of synthesis, methods of therapeutic and/or prophylactic use, and methods of use in stabilizing GLP-1 receptor in vitro for crystallization of the GLP-1 receptor of such compounds are provided.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful as hyperglycemic inhibitors having a serine protease inhibitory action and as prophylactic or therapeutic drugs for diabetes.

Abstract: The invention provides cycloalkyl guanidine compounds that inhibit F1F0-ATPase, and methods of using cyclalkyl guanidine compounds as therapeutic agents in therapy, such as treating an immune disorder, inflammatory condition, or cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a compound of Formula I for the treatment of protease-activated receptor mediated diseases by the administration of a compound of Formula I or a prodrug or metabolite thereof.

Abstract: The description is directed to ionizable lipids useful for enhancing the delivery of therapeutic agents in liposomes.