Abstract: A chiral catalyst represented by formula (II) is provided. In formula (II), Y independently includes hydrogen, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, CmH2m+1 or OCmH2m+1, wherein m=1-10 and n=1-10. A heterogeneous chiral catalyst is also provided. The heterogeneous chiral catalyst includes the chiral catalyst represented by formula (II), and a substrate connected to the chiral catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic compound represented by the following general formula [1], the organic compound having high solubility in a polar solvent used in an EC device, high transparency in the bleached state and high stability against repetition of an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) composition suitable for polishing semiconductor materials. The composition has a pH of about 5 or less and comprises colloidal silica, at least one onium compound selected from the group consisting of a phosphonium salt, a sulfonium salt, and a combination thereof, and an aqueous carrier therefor; A CMP method for polishing a surface of a semiconductor material utilizing the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reacting fluoroolefin with an organic magnesium compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising nickel or palladium so as to efficiently produce fluoroolefin, such as TFE, in which a fluorine (F) atom or atoms bonded to the sp2 hybridized carbon atom are substituted with an organic group.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkylsulfide derivatives compounds of formula I as hereunder depicted or the enantiomers or veterinarily acceptable salts thereof which are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to methods for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to agricultural and veterinary compositions comprising said compounds. wherein U, R1, R2, R3U, X, n and p are defined as in the description.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst used for manufacturing an optically active carbonyl compound by selective asymmetric hydrogenation of an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound, which is insoluble in a reaction mixture, and a method for manufacturing the corresponding optically active carbonyl compound. Particularly, the invention provides a catalyst for obtaining an optically active citronellal useful as a flavor or fragrance, by selective asymmetric hydrogenation of citral, geranial or neral. The invention relates to a catalyst for asymmetric hydrogenation of an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound, which comprises: a powder of at least one metal selected from metals belonging to Group 8 to Group 10 of the Periodic Table, or a metal-supported substance in which the at least one metal is supported on a support; an optically active cyclic nitrogen-containing compound; and an acid, and also relates to a method for manufacturing an optically active carbonyl compound using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sulfonium salt used in a resist composition that can give a pattern having a high resolution, especially an excellent rectangularity of a pattern form and a small roughness, while not readily generating a defect, in the photolithography using a high energy beam as a light source; a resist composition that contains the sulfonium salt; and a patterning process using this resist composition, wherein the sulfonium salt is shown by the following general formula (1a), wherein each of R and R0 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear, branched, or cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted by a heteroatom or interposed by a heteroatom.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic compound to be used in an electrochromic device. The organic compound has excellent oxidation-reduction repeating characteristics and shows high transparency in the bleached state without showing light absorption in the visible light region. The organic compound has a structure represented by Formula [1] according to Claim 1. In Formula [1], A1 and A2 represent substituents, and at least one of A1 and A2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted aryl group. R1 represents a substituent, X represents an electrochromic portion, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: Compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts for treatment of synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease and tauopathies.

Abstract: A monomer for a hardmask composition is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1,

Abstract: This document discloses molecules having the following formulas (“Formula One” &“Formula Two” and “Formula Three”) The Ar1, Het, Ar2, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are further described herein.

Abstract: Fused heterocyclic compounds useful for prevention, treatment or improvement of diseases against which activation of the thrombopoietin receptor is effective are provided. A compound represented by the formula (I) (wherein R1 is an aryl group fused to a saturated ring or the like, A, B, L1, R2, L2, L3, Y, L4, R3 and X are defined in the description), a tautomer, prodrug or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound or a solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides photoacid generators for use in chemically amplified resists and lithographic processes using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds, compositions and methods for treating of disorders that are affected by the modulation of the GPR120 receptor. Such compounds are represented by Formula (I) and Formula (II) as follows: wherein Y, R1, G, and Q are defined herein; and wherein R11, R21, R41, RB1 and G1, are defined herein.

Abstract: The application discloses a process for the preparation of 5-deoxy-L-arabinose of formula (VI); comprising the conversion of a compound of formula (XII); wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; which can be used as intermediate for the synthesis of sapropterin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sulfonium salt used in a resist composition that can give a pattern having a high resolution, especially an excellent rectangularity of a pattern form and a small roughness, while not readily generating a defect, in the photolithography using a high energy beam as a light source; a resist composition that contains the sulfonium salt; and a patterning process using this resist composition, wherein the sulfonium salt is shown by the following general formula (1a), wherein each of R and R0 independently represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear, branched, or cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted by a heteroatom or interposed by a heteroatom.

Abstract: There is provided an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing (A) a compound represented by the following formula (1-1); an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using the composition; and a pattern forming method: in the formula, R1, R2, R3, R4 and Y? are the same as those in formula (1-1) set forth in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel phenoxy derivatives, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals as modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed that are useful for treating ophthalmic conditions caused by or related to production of toxic visual cycle products that accumulate in the eye, such as dry adult macular degeneration, as well as conditions caused by or related to the misfolding of mutant opsin proteins and/or the mis-localization of opsin proteins. Compositions of these compounds alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents are also described, along with therapeutic methods of using such compounds and/or compositions. Methods of synthesizing such agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the following formula (I): as well as its process of preparation, pharmaceutical and cosmetics composition comprising it and use thereof, notably as an inhibitor of the sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter, such as SGLT1, SGLT2 and SGLT3, in particular in the treatment or prevention of diabetes, and more particularly type-II diabetes, diabetes-related complications, such as arthritis of the lower extremities, cardiac infarction, renal insufficiency, neuropathy or blindness, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, X syndrome and arteriosclerosis, as well as for its use as an anticancer, anti-infective, anti-viral, anti-thrombotic or anti-inflammatory drug, or for lightening, bleaching, depigmenting the skin, removing blemishes from the skin, particularly age spots and freckles, or preventing pigmentation of the skin.

Abstract: Compounds which directly inhibit IRE-1? activity in vitro, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Such compounds and prodrugs are useful for treating diseases associated with the unfolded protein response and can be used as single agents or in combination therapies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of general formula (I) characterized in that: R1 is a C1-C4 alkyl group, and R2 is an optionally substituted nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen containing heteroaromatic ring.

Abstract: A method of performing a chemical reaction includes reacting an allyl donor and a substrate in a reaction mixture, and forming a homoallylic alcohol in the reaction mixture. The substrate may be an aldehyde or a hemiacetal. The reaction mixture includes a ruthenium catalyst, carbon monoxide at a level of at least 1 equivalent relative to the substrate, and water at a level of at least 1 equivalent relative to the substrate, and an amine at a level of from 0 to 0.5 equivalent relative to the substrate. The reaction mixture may also include a halide, and the equivalents of the amine may be similar to those of the halide. The reacting includes maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature of at least 40° C. The method may be catalytic in metal, environmentally benign, amenable to large-scale applications, and applicable to a wide range of substrates.

Abstract: A chromene compound which develops a color of a neutral tint and has high color optical density, high fading speed and excellent durability and a photochromic curable composition comprising the chromene compound and polymerizable monomers. The chromene compound is represented by the following formula (1). (wherein R1 is an aryl group or heteroaryl group, and R2 is a sulfur-containing substituent selected from the group consisting of thiol group, alkylthio group, alkoxyalkylthio group, haloalkylthio group, cycloalkylthio group, arylthio group and heteroarylthio group.

Abstract: A sulfonium salt of a naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium cation having a fluoroalkoxy chain with a specific anion is provided. The sulfonium salt is used as a photoacid generator to form a resist composition which when processed by immersion lithography, offers advantages of restrained dissolution in the immersion water and less pattern dependence or dark/bright bias.

Abstract: Bicyclic dione compounds, and derivatives thereof, which are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: A method of performing a chemical reaction includes reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of an organohalide and an organo-pseudohalide, and a protected organoboronic acid represented by formula (I) in a reaction mixture: R1—B-T??(I); where R1 represents an organic group, T represents a conformationally rigid protecting group, and B represents boron having sp3 hybridization. When unprotected, the corresponding organoboronic acid is unstable by the boronic acid neat stability test. The reaction mixture further includes a base having a pKB of at least 1 and a palladium catalyst. The method further includes forming a cross-coupled product in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a compound of formula and/or an addition salt of a proton acid, wherein R1 and R2 independently represent alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, each aryl or aralkyl being optionally further substituted with alkyl, alkoxy and/or halogen.

Abstract: A description is given of (4-trifluoromethyl-3-thiobenzoyl)cyclohexanediones of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), X, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are radicals such as hydrogen and organic radicals such as alkyl. A and Z are oxygen or alkylene.

Abstract: A compound comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, having the groups described in detail herein is disclosed. Also disclosed herein are compounds comprising or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tetrazoles, or prodrugs of compounds of the structure or derivatives thereof, said derivatives being described in detail herein. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating diseases or conditions, including glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. Compositions and methods of manufacturing medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Bicyclic dione compounds, and derivatives thereof, which are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: A sulfonium salt of a naphthylsulfonium cation having a hydrophilic phenolic hydroxyl group or ethylene glycol chain with a specific anion is provided. The sulfonium salt is used as a photoacid generator to form a resist composition which when processed by immersion lithography, offers advantages of restrained dissolution in the immersion water and less pattern dependence or dark-bright difference.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods of using of the compounds as anti-infective and anthelminitc agents. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the following compound of Formula III: wherein: R1 is not H when R2 is H and R2 is not H when R1 is H, further wherein R1 is OH or CH(2n+1)O, wherein n is 1-10; R2 is OH or CH(2n+1)O, where n is 1-10; W is alkyl, phenyl, halophenyl, pyridyl, piperidyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, including unsubstituted and substituted aromatic heterocycles; and L is an optional linker or linking group selected from O, S, NH, CF2, or CH2, and x=0 or 1, i.e., if x=0, no linking group is present and when x=0, W is not phenyl.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel phenoxy derivatives, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals as modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst used for manufacturing an optically active carbonyl compound by selective asymmetric hydrogenation of an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound, which is insoluble in a reaction mixture, and a method for manufacturing the corresponding optically active carbonyl compound. Particularly, the invention provides a catalyst for obtaining an optically active citronellal useful as a flavor or fragrance, by selective asymmetric hydrogenation of citral, geranial or neral. The invention relates to a catalyst for asymmetric hydrogenation of an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound, which comprises: a powder of at least one metal selected from metals belonging to Group 8 to Group 10 of the Periodic Table, or a metal-supported substance in which the at least one metal is supported on a support; an optically active cyclic nitrogen-containing compound; and an acid, and also relates to a method for manufacturing an optically active carbonyl compound using the same.

Abstract: Compounds that selectively modulate the sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor are provided including compounds which modulate subtype 1 of the S1P receptor. Methods of chiral synthesis of such compounds is provided. Uses, methods of treatment or prevention and methods of preparing inventive compositions including inventive compounds are provided in connection with the treatment or prevention of diseases, malconditions, and disorders for which modulation of the sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor is medically indicated.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-monosubstituted ?-aminoalcohol sulfonates of formula (1a), (1b): wherein R1 is C6-20-aryl or C4-12-heteroaryl, each optionally being substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or one or more C1-4-alkyl or C1-4-alkoxy groups, R2 is C1-4-alkyl or C6-20-aryl, each aryl optionally being substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or one or more C1-4-alkyl or C1-4-alkoxy groups, and wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of C1-18-alkyl, C6-20-cycloalkyl, C6-20-aryl and C7-20-aralkyl residues; including a) reacting a methyl ketone, a primary amine, formaldehyde and a sulfonic acid, at a pressure above 1.5 bar, optionally in a organic solvent, said organic solvent which can include water to provide N-monosubstituted ?-aminoketone sulfonates of formula (II): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above, and b) asymmetrically hydrogenating.

Abstract: A salt represented by the formula (X): wherein Q1 and Q2, L1 and L2, ring W1, R5, w, v, Z+ and W10 are defined in the specification.

Abstract: A mechanism of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) driven epithelium-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating cancer by inhibiting or suppressing MAOs in cancer cells. Novel MAOs inhibitors, such as small molecules, siRNA, shRNA, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, decoys, and pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating cancer by disrupting the workings of MAOs are provided. In particular, a class of conjugates formed by covalently conjugating near infrared dye 783, IR-780, and MHI-148 to a MAO inhibitor, such as clorgyline, with and without encapsulation it in a nanoparticle is provided. Other aspects of the invention include methods for forming the nano-conjugates, method for monitoring treatment progress in a cancer patient by monitoring the changes in MAO activity, methods for screening patients who are at risk of cancer or differentiating different forms of cancer by assaying the level and location of MAO activity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for synthesis of bridged-hydropentacene, hydroanthracene and hydrotetracene from the precursor compounds pentacene derivatives, tetracene derivatives, and anthracene derivatives. The invention further relates to methods and systems for forming thin films for use in electrically conductive assemblies, such as semiconductors or photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: A salt represented by formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 independently each represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, n represents 0 or 1, Ll represents a single bond or a C1-C10 alkanediyl group in which a methylene group may be replaced by an oxygen atom or carbonyl group, provided that Ll is not a single bond when n is 0, ring W represents a C3-C36 aliphatic ring in which a methylene group may be replaced by an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a carbonyl group or a sulfonyl group and in which a hydrogen atom may be replaced by a hydroxyl group, a C1-C12 alkyl group or a C1-C12 alkoxy group, Rl represents a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group protected by a protecting group, and Z+ represents an organic cation.

Abstract: There is provided a fluorine-containing organosulfur compound having an excellent controlling effect on arthropod pests represented by the formula (I): wherein m represents 0 or 1; n represents 0, 1 or 2; A represents an optionally substituted 5-membered aromatic heterocyclic group; R1 and R3 are independently represent an optionally substituted C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon group, —C(?G)R5, cyano, halogen or hydrogen; R2 and R4 independently represent an optionally substituted C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon group, halogen or hydrogen; Q represents a C1-C5 haloalkyl group containing at least one fluorine, or fluorine; G represents oxygen or sulfur; and R5 represents optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C6 alkenyloxy, optionally substituted C3-C6 alkynyloxy, amino, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylamino, optionally substituted di(C1-C4 alkyl)amino, C2-C5 cyclic amino or hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of compounds of the general formula II which can be obtained by 1,4 addition of 2-oxoalkanoates or 2-oxocarboxylic acids onto the appropriate ketones. The present invention also relates to the use of the PigD protein for catalysis of 1,4 additions of 2-oxoalkanoates/-carboxylic acids, for example pyruvate/pyruvic acid or 2-oxobutyrate/2-oxobutyric acid, onto aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic ?,?-unsaturated ketones. The 1,4 additions are effected here with CO2 elimination. The use of the PigD protein as a catalyst in the aforementioned 1,4 additions enables the synthesis of addition products with stereoactive centers these addition products being preparable with an enantiomeric excess of more than 80% ee.

Abstract: A salt represented by formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 independently each represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 represents a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in which a methylene group may be replaced by an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group, L2 and L3 respectively represent a single bond or a C1-C6 divalent saturated alkyl group in which a methylene group may be replaced by an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group, ring W1 and ring W2 respectively represent a C3-C36 hydrocarbon ring, R1 and R2 respectively represent a hydrogen atom or C1-C6 alkyl group, R3 represents C1-C6 alkyl group, t represents an integer of 0 to 2 and Z+ represents an organic counter ion

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an actinic-ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition includes any of the compounds (A) of general formula (I) below that when exposed to actinic rays or radiation, generates an acid and a resin (B) whose rate of dissolution into an alkali developer is increased by the action of an acid. (The characters used in general formula (I) have the meanings mentioned in the description.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having a formula: where at least one of R1-R4 is a heterocycle, at least one of R1-R4 is an aryl group coupled to the ring by a linker atom, functional group, or other moiety, or where none of R1-R4 is an amide, and any and all combinations thereof. Remaining R1-R4 substituents independently are aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, amine, substituted amine, aryl, substituted aryl, cyclic, substituted cyclic, halide, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, hydrogen or hydroxyl. A method for treating a subject also is provided comprising administering a disclosed compound or compounds, or a prodrug that is converted into the disclosed compound or compounds, or a composition comprising the compound, compounds, or prodrugs thereof, to a subject. A method for making disclosed compounds also is provided.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: A sulfonium compound represented by formula (1), a photo-acid generator, and a method for producing a sulfonium compound are provided: wherein X represents an electron-donating group; R1 and R2 each represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or the like; R3 and R4 each represent an arylene group or a heteroarylene group; R5 and R6 each represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or the like; and A? and B? are anions that are different from each other. The sulfonium compound, when used as a photo-acid generator, can produce a uniform and excellent resist pattern.

Abstract: A salt represented by the formula (I): wherein Q1, Q2, L1, L2, ring W, s, t, R1, R2 and Z+ are defined in the specification.