Abstract: An apparatus for separating solids from flue gas in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler includes a plurality of impact type particle separators mounted vertically to a wall of the CFB. The impact type particle separators being adjacently positioned and horizontally spaced. Each impact type particle separator includes a plurality of vertically mounted cooling tubes connected to a fluid circulating system. A slip fit element surrounds the cooling tubes. A cup shaped configuration is formed by side walls and a back wall. The side walls and back wall have a plurality of separate vertically aligned segments extending along the height of the impact type particle separator. Each vertically aligned segment is connected at its ends to an adjacent segment.

Abstract: A new three-stage cold trap configuration is provided that allows for significantly improved cold trap efficiency and reduced Preventive Maintenance of the cold trap. The cold trap of the invention is provided with three stages that are used for the removal of impurities from processing gasses after they have been released from a processing chamber. The spaces between the three plates of the cold trap are not the same while the angle under which the gas impacts the plates differs from conventional cold trap designs. The three plates of the cold trap are furthermore adjustable, making the design of the cold trap of the invention flexible and readily applicable to a range of cold trap requirements.

Abstract: A cellular drift eliminator for removing mist from a mist-laden gas stream includes a plurality of blades with a spacer element interspersed between every two blades. Both the blades and spacer elements have a longitudinally undulating shape with at least one undulation transverse to the direction of travel of the stream passing through the eliminator. Each spacer element has corrugations oriented transverse to the spacer element undulation. Each corrugation has two side walls connecting a flattened apex extending from the front face of the spacer elements and a flattened valley extending from the rear face of the spacer element. Each spacer element has flat planar portions formed at its lower edge in the regions of the flattened apices and valleys of the corrugations and cut portions extending from the lower edge in the regions of the side walls of the corrugations.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to improve the efficiency of collection of solidification constituents and solids in exhaust gas and to prevent early blockage of the filter without damaging the vacuum pump. In an exhaust path 48a, a vacuum pump and exhaust gas filtration device are provided. This exhaust gas filtration device is constituted by a trap device, pre-filter and filter. The pre-filter reduces the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the interior of the exhaust path by controlling the exhaust gas flow path in the vessel. The aforesaid exhaust path is constituted by connecting this vacuum pump, trap device, pre-filter and filter which are arranged in this order from the side of airtight vessel and connected through piping if required.

Abstract: A method of removing dust from dust laden gases said method including the sequential steps of: (1) passing a flow of gases laden with dust particles, at a selected first gas stream velocity through a first dust removing mechanism capable of creating multiple vortexes of gases; (2) agglomerating the dust particles of the gases as they pass through the first dust removing mechanism said first gas stream velocity being selected to cause agglomeration of said dust particles; (3) passing the gas stream carrying agglomerated particles at a selected second gas stream velocity through a second dust removing mechanism capable of creating multiple vortexes of gases; (4) removing the agglomerated dust particles as they pass through the second dust removing mechanism at said second gas stream velocity; wherein the second gas stream velocity is substantially slower than the first gas stream velocity.

Abstract: In a dust precipitation device for filtration of dust created during crystal growth from a melt, cold surfaces are provided as contact surfaces as a part of the gas control geometry, to which the dust can adhere and thus become separated from the transport gas pumped from the processing chamber. Due to cooling of the flow contact surfaces, for example, by a coolant that is supplied via coolant lines blockable by valves, the dust is filtered very effectively from the transport gas. The extraction device has several precipitation chambers located one behind the other for the passage and filtering of the dust from the transport gas. The individual precipitation chambers are connected to each other so that they can be individually removed from or inserted into the precipitation device, for example, manually.

Abstract: A fan filter unit for clean rooms has baffle structures sized and placed to limit the paths of entry of air flow from the unit motorized fan to the outlet ports, the baffle structures extending for a vertical height sufficient to avoid reversal of air flow within the enclosure for lower energy requirements in the unit while controlling noise levels and keeping BTU output low.

Abstract: The air drawn into a diesel engine serially passes through a filter and a cavity, which acts as an acoustic attenuator, before being supplied to the cylinders of the diesel engine. In the cavity the air is in a heat transfer relationship with a heat sink for the electronic components of a microprocessor control. The electronic components may be located in the plenum cavity or in a separate chamber but must have a heat transfer relationship with the cavity, such as through a common wall on which the electronic components are mounted. A heat sink may extend into the cavity.

Abstract: The trap apparatus of the present invention includes a case provided for a gas exhaust system used for a film forming equipment which carries out a film forming process on an object, a gas supply port, made in the case and connected to an exhaust pipe of the gas exhaust system, for introducing an exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe, into the case, a gas exhaust port, made in the case and connected to an exhaust pipe of the gas exhaust system, for exhausting the exhaust gas flowing through an inner space of the case, to the exhaust pipe, a plurality of partition plates arranged in the case so as to partition the inner space of the case into a plurality of rooms between the gas supply port and the gas exhaust port, a gas distribution port provided in some of the partition plates such that the exhaust gas introduced into the case through the gas supply port, is allowed to flow through the rooms partitioned by the partition plates, in the order, and then exhausted from the gas exhaust port, a trap mechan

Abstract: A separation plate (10) includes a first surface (10a) and an opposing second surface. A plurality of teardrop-shaped virtual impactor projections (12) are provided on the first surface, preferably in a plurality of rows (13a, 13b, 13c). Each projection includes a convex leading profile (18) facing a fluid stream (16), and two concave side surfaces (19) that are positioned to define a tapered downstream portion. The convex leading profile may include a concave portion (20). The concave portion defines a virtual impact void therethrough. The virtual impact void defines a terminal end of a passageway that extends through the separation plate to communicate with the second surface. When particle-laden fluid is caused to flow along the first surface, a major portion of the fluid containing a minor portion of particles flows around the teardrop-shaped virtual impactor projections along the first surface.

Abstract: A plurality of micropillars (2) arranged in a plurality of rows (4, 6, 8) are provided. When a particle-laden fluid stream is caused to flow through the micropillars, at least a portion of the particles impacts and becomes deposited on the micropillars' surfaces while the fluid stream is deflected aside. The deposited particles may subsequently be collected.

Abstract: A CFB reactor or combustor having an impact type primary particle separator collects solids particles from a flow of flue gas/solids and returns the collected particles along an inclined or substantially horizontal planar floor to a bottom portion of the reactor or combustor for subsequent recirculation.

Abstract: An assembly for separating liquid and/or solid particles carried in a multi-phase stream. The assembly has a separator, especially a droplet separator. An agglomerating device is prearranged with respect to the separator and has at least two rows of rods onto which the stream flows at an angle, especially a right angle, to the rods' longitudinal axes. The rods in a given row are opposite the gaps in an adjacent row. The rods have a maximum width of 2-10 mm, and the agglomerating device is flown against with a flow velocity of 2 to 15 m/sec. The following separator can be formed with a significantly more simple design by the prearrangement of the agglomerating device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a contaminated waste steam heat recovery apparatus 10 and method therefore which includes a primary condensing unit 38, a low pressure water washing unit 26, a liquid to liquid heat exchanger 36 and a vent fan 31. Waste gas is ducted from fryer 11 to a de-super-heating chamber 14 wherein superheated steam is converted to saturated steam by spraying water into the steam using spray nozzles 15. The gas is then introduced into a vertically disposed air to liquid heat exchanger 16 and is drafted downward therethrough. As heat is removed from the waste gas, water vapor in the steam condenses and in the process, collects some of the oil and hydrocarbons present. A plurality of condensate trays 19 are disposed below the bottom end of heat exchanger 16 in a cascading fashion to collect hold the condensate in the airflow path such that it will absorb some of the heat still present in the remaining waste gas.

Abstract: A micro-machined virtual impactor device to permit the separation, collection and concentration of a significant portion of environmental particulates having a diameter of less than ten microns and its method of operation. The device includes a plurality of projections, each having a virtual impact surface that defines an aperture in a stagnant zone of fluid flow. A major portion of the particulate material is concentrated into a minor portion of the fluid which is processed through the aperture, where it is collected for subsequent analysis.

Abstract: In a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and a fuel vapor recovery system including a carbon canister connected to the fuel tank for collecting fuel vapors from the fuel tank as the tank is being refilled, an air filtering apparatus is provided to supply a flow of clean and dry purge air to the canister for the purging of vapors therefrom. The air filtering apparatus includes gradually spaced baffle means and filter element means and is remotely connected in the evaporative emission control system by hoses connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the canister.

Abstract: The trap apparatus of the present invention includes a case provided for a gas exhaust system used for a film forming equipment which carries out a film forming process on an object, a gas supply port, made in the case and connected to an exhaust pipe of the gas exhaust system, for introducing an exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe, into the case, a gas exhaust port, made in the case and connected to an exhaust pipe of the gas exhaust system, for exhausting the exhaust gas flowing through an inner space of the case, to the exhaust pipe, a plurality of partition plates arranged in the case so as to partition the inner space of the case into a plurality of rooms between the gas supply port and the gas exhaust port, a gas distribution port provided in some of the partition plates such that the exhaust gas introduced into the case through the gas supply port, is allowed to flow through the rooms partitioned by the partition plates, in the order, and then exhausted from the gas exhaust port, and a trap me

Abstract: A device for separating moisture from a gas flow which is vented from an interior region of an aircraft to a region exterior to the aircraft. In a preferred embodiment, a vessel having an inlet port coupled to the interior region of the aircraft, an outlet port coupled to the region exterior to the aircraft, and at least one baffle member positioned between the inlet port and the outlet port. The baffle member extends away from a wall of the vessel, at least partially transverse to a flow of gas passing through the vessel from the inlet port to the outlet port. The flow passes adjacent to the at least one baffle member such that a surface of the baffle member collects moisture thereon. The moisture is returned, via a canted vessel surface, through the inlet port of the vessel and to the interior region of the aircraft.

Abstract: An improved CFB reactor or combustor arrangement has at least a first and a second group of impact type particle separators or U-beams with cooling surfaces located adjacent and immediately upstream of the second group of U-beams which serve to cool flue gas/solids flowing through the CFB before it reaches the second group of U-beams. By reducing the gas temperature in the vicinity of and entering the second group of U-beams, the U-beams can be made of less expensive materials and are thus less expensive to produce and maintain. The heat absorbed by the local cooling surfaces can be applied to heat a working fluid supplied to a turbine or other process.

Abstract: A drainable discharge pan apparatus for an impact type particle separator used on circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers employs a plurality of funnel shaped discharge pans located at a lower end of each of the impingement members in the impact type particle separator. The funnel shaped discharge pans prevent accumulation of collected particles thereon, allowing particles collected by the impingement members to fall therethrough, while preventing bypassing of flue gas around lower ends of the impact type particle separator. The outlet ends of the funnel shaped discharge pans provide substantially the same open area for the collected particles to fall therethrough as exists within each associated impingement member.

Abstract: Ventilation ceiling, comprising channel elements running at a distance from and parallel to each other, and ceiling panel elements leading with their side edges into the channel elements, which chapel elements are in fluid communication with a fluid-collecting element, while the panel elements serve the purpose of extracting grease and/or livid constituents from the air, and the channel elements serve the purpose of conveying the extracted grease and liquids to the fluid-collecting element, and a fixed supply line for cleaning agents provided and serves the purpose of dispensing cleaning agent into the channels at intervals.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing a gas seal in a CFB reactor, which is provided with a vertical, slot-shaped return duct (16), and for regulating the flow of circulating mass therein. The gas seal (22) is formed by arranging barrier means (22, 24, 26) on two different levels in the regulation zone of the return duct to slow down the flow of the circulating mass through the regulation zone. The flow of the circulating mass through the regulation zone is regulated by injecting fluidizing gas (56, 58, 60) into the regulation zone.

Abstract: The energy required to provide hot water may be reduced in a water heating system including a heat generating range (12) for cooking food and a hood (14) overlying the range (12) for capturing fumes rising from the range (12) or the food thereon. An exhaust duct (16) provided with an exhaust fan (18) is connected to the hood (14) and a baffle and heat exchanger assembly (22) is interposed between the hood (14) and the exhaust duct (16). The assembly (22) includes a grease collecting baffle (54) facing the hood (14) and a heat exchanger (52) backing the baffle (54). The heat exchanger (52) includes a liquid flow path (56), (60), (74) through which water to be heated by the fumes may circulate.

Abstract: An air filter for an internal combustion engine has a housing with an interior chamber. The housing has housing walls at least one of which is in the form of a filter element. One of the housing walls has a suction opening for connecting the air filter to a suction channel of the combustion engine, wherein combustion air flows through the filter element into the interior chamber and from the interior chamber through the suction opening into the combustion engine. Air flow resistance elements are arranged in the interior chamber upstream of the suction opening. The air flow resistance elements are arranged in a first and a second row. The first and second rows are spaced apart from one another in the direction of flow of the combustion air. The air flow resistance elements of the first row of the second row are spaced laterally from one another to form gaps therebetween. The air flow resistance elements of the first row are positioned so as to be substantially aligned with the gaps of the second row.

Abstract: A paint arrestor for absorbing paint overspray comprises a series of layers of sheet material, each of the layers being slit and expanded to define an array of air spaces distributed in columns. The air spaces alternate in size from column to column and repeat in size in every other column. Means are provided for securing the layers in contiguous, overlying relationship with one another.

Abstract: An integral separator and cooling apparatus is provided for removing a lubricant from a heated, compressed lubricant and gas mixture, and for cooling the separated lubricant. The apparatus includes a lubricant reservoir for containing a liquid lubricant. A receiving plenum is made integral with the lubricant reservoir. The receiving plenum has an inlet for receiving the heated, compressed lubricant and gas mixture, a first outlet through which a heated, compressed gas exits, and a second outlet through which the separated lubricant flows from the receiving plenum. An apparatus is provided within the receiving plenum which causes a liquid lubricant to precipitate from the lubricant and gas mixture. A cooling core is made integral with the lubricant reservoir and the receiving plenum. The cooling core fluidly communicates with the lubricant reservoir and with the receiving plenum.

Abstract: A solvent fume exhaust scrubber (100) for recovering organic vapor from exhaust air which is produced during the manufacture of semiconductors includes a throttling chamber (180) containing a plurality of planar baffles (112, 114, 116, 118 and 120), a planar condenser (130) and a cooling coil (138) which engages and substantially traverses the planar surface of the condenser. The throttling chamber intersects an exhaust duct (152) so that an exhaust stream (182) flows in a flow direction (184) through the chamber. Each baffle and condenser has a planar surface which is disposed at right angles to the flow direction. The surface extends partially across the exhaust stream. The baffles are arranged sequentially along the flow direction and have offsetting planar surfaces across the exhaust stream so that the baffles in combination extend across the exhaust stream. A baffle includes a baffle frame (302) for holding a plurality of carbon beads (306).

Abstract: A compact fixed-bed catalytic reactor containing a plurality of staggered partitioning plates inside a reactor vessel to form a folded reaction path. The reactor is substantially rectangular in shape and each of the partitioning plates is held inside the reactor by a frictional force between the partitioning plate and the inner wall of the reactor vessel while one side thereof, being shorter than the width of a corrsponding inner side the reactor, forms an opening allowing the passage of reactant therethrough. The partitioning plates contain a plurality of fingers to further secure the same in place and prevent horizontal movement thereof. The present invention allows a box-like catalytic reactor to provide the advantages of a fixed-bed tubular reactor, while maintaining a desirable spacial compactness and lowering the construction cost.

Abstract: In a non-agitational, countercurrent flow type of liquid-liquid contacting tower, splitter plates with plural slits and/or holes through which light and heavy liquids flow, and baffles having the appropriate shapes and areas in order to cover the liquid flowing upward or downward, are alternately mounted horizontally inside the tower shell in vertical direction. The ratios of the opening area to the total cross-sectional area in the splitter plate are 10% to 40%, and the opening area of a baffles is larger than the aperture area of a splitter plate. The advantages of this invention are as follows: Because of the high contacting efficiency, a relatively smaller contactor has an equivalent performance with that of a larger contactor; there exists no risk of plugging due to scum accumulation, and maintenance is easy.

Abstract: A baffle assembly for intercepting paint particles passing through a spray booth is disclosed. The baffle assembly includes an inner plate and an outer plate adjacent each end or edge of the inner plate. The inner plate is comprised of a central planar portion, which is oriented substantially perpendicular to the direction of air flow, and having outer ends which are curved in an upstream direction and inwardly toward one another. Each outer plate includes a curved portion which terminates in a semi-circular portion. The inner plate is received and positioned within the outer plates so that each of its outer ends is substantially surrounded by and equidistant from its adjacent outer plate. In this manner, air flows between the inner plate and the outer plate in a first curved direction and then in a second opposite curved direction.

Abstract: Apparatus for separating particles, in particular oil or fat particles, out of an airstream flowing through the apparatus.Apparatus of this kind are particularly used in large kitchens in order to separate fat particles out of the exhaust air. To reduce the number of required parts while maintaining the high degree of separation of particles and maintaining the total height of the apparatus, a special lamella shape (1,2) is described which consists in cross section in its middle region of a circular arcuate piece which extends over 120.degree. to 130.degree. and of two parallel straight longitudinal edges (1a,2a). On account of the special lamella shape (1,2), the forming of a row of parallel lamellas out of a metal sheet is possible while maintaining the high degree of separation and maintaining the small total height of the apparatus.

Abstract: A device for intercepting and collecting fats and/or moisture dispersed in an ascending gaseous carrier has a set of trough-shaped collecting elements which alternate with and whose marginal portions are overlapped by inverted trough-shaped intercepting elements. The lowermost sections of the collecting elements form part of shallow receptacles for collected fats and/or moisture, and such receptacles extend between end walls which are of one piece with the ends of main portions of the collecting elements. Such collecting elements can be produced by deep drawing suitably configurated blanks of sheet metal. The end walls and the marginal portions of the collecting elements have projections extending through slots in plate-like holders for the collecting elements.

Abstract: A multi-unit grease filter includes a first filter unit and a second filter unit, each having an upstream series of spaced apart elongated baffles and a downstream series of spaced apart elongated baffles offset from the upstream series of baffles so that the baffles overlap and expose the air to multiple surfaces as it travels through the filter. The baffles have their ends connected to a pair of end frame members, each of which has at least one spacer in the form of a side edge having a first portion co-extensive with the upstream series of baffles and a second portion co-extensive with the downstream series of baffles so as to provide an off-set in each of the end frame members so that when the first and second filter units are disposed in abutment side by side, the off-sets align and overlap so that a bifurcated seam line is formed at the abutment and a downstream baffle overlaps with an upstream baffle at the seam line.

Abstract: Improved liquid-gas contact or demister panels for gas treating equipment, wherein each panel is designed with inlet and outlet sections and is fitted with a shaped flange on one end. A high strength assembly or array of panels is provided by interlocking alignment and fastening apparatus, which includes the shaped flange, along with tabs and slots formed in each panel.

Abstract: A mist eliminator for removing liquid droplets from a gas stream includes a first layer of a plurality of mutually parallel spaced partitions defining respective flow channels between the partitions. The partitions are curved to define the flow channels as circuitous paths of travel for gas. The partitions have free edge portions which define exit ports for the channels. A second layer of a plurality of mutually spaced partitions defining respective flow channels therebetween is located downstream of the first layer in the direction of air flow. The partitions of the second layer have inlet edges located in alignment with the exit ports of the first layer which are offset from the free edge portions of the partitions in the first layer. The inlet edges of the second layer are aligned with the direction of gas flow out of the exit ports of the first layer and the partitions of the second layer have main body portions extending at an angle to those inlet edges.

Abstract: Described is a filter apparatus (10) which is designed for filtering solid, liquid or gaseous, electrically uncharged or electrically charged particles out of a gaseous flow medium as it flows through the filter apparatus (10). The filter apparatus (10) has filter elements (18) which are spaced from each other in the direction of flow of the gaseous medium to the apparatus. Each filter element (18) has a plate-like carrier element (20, 46, 48; 64) and a substrate (22) which are provided with spaced-apart openings (26). The substrate (22) serves for the storage of a filter medium. Each opening (26) in the filter element (18) has a sleeve-like guide element (24) for the flow medium, wherein the guide element (24) extends around the edge of the corresponding opening (26). The guide elements (26) which project at least at the upstream side prevent filter medium at the individual substrates (22) from being unintentionally entrained through the openings (26), even at high flow rates in respect of the flow medium.

Abstract: An improved gas stream inlet construction for industrial dust collectors such as fabric filter type collectors that includes a first transition section in which an incoming high velocity gas stream is reduced in velocity and delivered to a second transition section in a second flow direction substantially perpendicular to the incoming first flow direction and wherein it is further reduced in velocity and is delivered therefrom in a third flow direction substantially perpendicular to both the first and second flow directions.

Abstract: A debris and water vacuum system comprising a vacuum pump, a debris receptacle, a first air filter stage, a second filter stage, and valve means for connecting and disconnecting the second air filter stage from a 40 mesh screen final filter and vacuum pump, selectively.

Abstract: An internal particle separator having impingement members positioned within the furnace enclosure across and just upstream of the furnace exit opening. These impingement members are organized into at least two staggered rows that are positioned to fully cover the exit opening thereby allowing entrained particles to strike the impingement members and free-fall directly back into the fluidized bed to increase its density. A baffle plate is attached to the lower end region of the impingement members thereby obstructing the vertical gas passage between these members.

Abstract: A spray booth is provided with inexpensive, disposable pre-baffles which collect overspray thereon prior to the overspray reaching the filtering stages. The preferred disposable pre-baffles are made of paperboard and after being coated with overspray for a short period, e.g., one week, are easily detached and replaced. The paint on the disposable pre-baffles can be baked to convert the paint and the baffle from a hazardous to a non-hazardous waste. The pre-baffles may collect as much as 80% of the overspray, some of which may be collected and re-used, and reduces the amount of sludge, filter cleaning, chemicals used in the reservoir water, and the emissions. Thus, the overall savings easily overcome the expense of replacing the disposable pre-baffles.

Abstract: A disposable range hood filter and flame arrester having front and rear surfaces spaced closely apart from each other and connected to each other by flanges extending beteween them. Both front and rear surfaces comprise a plurality of spaced apart panels extending between the sides with each panel having a center offset panel portion lying inwardly of the body in relation to the remainder of the panel, so as to afford a depressed center section. A lower portion of each panel includes an aperture for permitting grease collection on the depressed center panel portion to drain into a bottom part of the filter body. The front and rear panels are laterally offset from each other so as to provide a labyrinthne path for air passing from the front to the rear of the filter unit. Preferably the units are made from a thin metal and are one inch or less in thickness.

Abstract: The specification discloses an apparatus and method for separating liquid droplets carried in a gas wherein the gas is conducted at a subsonic velocity below about Mach 0.7 through a conduit, the walls of which define successive, generally oppositely directed arcuate bends to cause transverse movement of the droplets toward and into contact with the walls by centrifugal force and in a manner which avoids conditions giving rise to flow separation and any attendant turbulence and pressure drop. The walls include a porous medium covering at least a portion of the surface thereof and through which liquid directed against the wall is withdrawn from the conduit. According to one aspect of the invention, a porous medium is provided on the stator blades of a turbine power generator to enable removal of accumulated liquid thereon and thereby reduce rotor blade erosion and power losses associated with dribble from the stator blades onto the rotor blades.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a discharge restrictor secured to the lower end region of impingement members installed in the flue gas path of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The discharge restrictor incorporates a pivotable baffle plate that prevents the flue gas from bypassing the impingement members yet allows the particles that are collected to gather in an adjacent storage hopper. The baffle plate is normally biased to block access to the storage hopper until a sufficient mass of particles collect on the baffle plate thereby overcoming this bias. In doing so, the plate temporarily pivots to the open position enabling the particles to advance towards the storage hopper.

Abstract: An improved gas stream inlet construction for industrial gas treating apparatus such as fabric type dust collectors that includes two series arranged velocity reducing transition sections employing expanded metal grids as flow diverting and gas stream diffusing device as the exit ports therefrom.

Abstract: An improved gas stream inlet construction for industrial dust collecting apparatus such as fabric type gas filters that includes at least one velocity reducing transition section employing a selectively positioned expanded metal grid as a flow diverting and gas stream diffusing device located at the exit port thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treating an exhaust gas containing dust composed of a glassy material and a sticky material consisting principally of CaO in a gas parallel flow type solid-gas contact reactor, the aforesaid method being characterized by including the step of forcing the dust to collide with a solid surface on the upstream side of the reactor in order to separate the dust into the glassy material and the sticky material consisting principally of CaO; and the present invention is also directed to an apparatus for the above method, the apparatus being characterized by including a collision device for colliding with the dust which is disposed in an exhaust gas flow path on an upstream side of the reactor.

Abstract: A separator for fluids having first and second section parts arranged in rows. The parts are, in cross section, open and trough-shaped, with edges which overlap. Each section part has an inner protrusion extending in the longitudinal direction thereof, which protrusion causes increased swirling and thus cleaning of the fluids flowing through the section parts. The section parts can be retained in a detachable manner in a holder to permit easy cleaning.

Abstract: A tray stack for a boiler feedwater deaerator is provided with a plurality of horizontally spaced troughs arranged in vertically spaced and staggered tiers. Each of the troughs has a generally V-shaped bottom and a pair of outwardly-extending, inclined wall members having notched lower edges. The vertical projected dimension of the inclined wall members is less than the overall depth of the trough such that the distance of travel encountered by the feedwater dropping from the lower edge of the wall members to the next adjacent, underlying trough is maximized, thereby increasing the interactive area of contact between the cascading water and uprising flow of steam. The lower edge of each wall member is preferably notched to enhance dispersion of the falling water, and the wall members also are disposed to positively guide the falling water into the adjacent underlying trough without bypassing the same.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating fluids flowing at high velocity, for mass and heat transfer, for gas-liquid contacting and for contaminant particulate, mist or fume separation, including a plurality of perforated or unperforated cylinders arrayed staggered in rows perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid. The elements are spatially separated from each other. Diagonal by-pass flow through the array is blocked by a partition extending from each element generally parallel to the direction of flow of fluid bisecting the space between a pair of elements of an adjacent row with the elements of the pair symmetrically spaced with respect to the partition.Also, a method of removing contaminants from gas by passing the gas through this array between and injecting a liquid into the array. Capture of the contaminants by the drops is effected because of the difference in acceleration of each as the contaminated gas passes in and out of the gap between each cylinder and its adjacent partitions.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating fluids flowing at high velocity, for mass and heat transfer, for gas-liquid contacting and for contaminant particulate, mist or fume separation, including a plurality of perforated or unperforated cylinders arrayed staggered in rows perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid. The elements are spatially separated from each other. Diagonal by-pass flow through the array is blocked by a partition extending from each element generally parallel to the direction of flow of fluid bisecting the space between a pair of elements of an adjacent row with the elements of the pair symmetrically spaced with respect to the partition.Also, a method of removing contaminants from gas by passing the gas through this array between and injecting a liquid into the array. Capture of the contaminants by the drops is effected because of the difference in acceleration of each as the contaminated gas passes in and out of the gap between each cylinder and its adjacent partitions.