Abstract: An ostomy filter for colostomy and ileostomy bags is gas-permeable to allow venting, and liquid-impermeable to prevent leakage. It includes a hydrogen sulphide adsorbent to remove smells. The filter comprises 9 to 50% by weight of particles of unsintered granular polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 30 to 82% by weight of particles of comminuted sintered expanded porous PTFE, and 9 to 30% by weight of particulate water-insoluble H.sub.2 S adsorbent. The particles are fused together by baking at elevated temperature to form a gas-permeable liquid-impermeable network. The comminuted sintered expanded porous PTFE is preferably formed by comminuting uniaxially expanded PTFE fibre.

Abstract: A high-porosity metallic membrane element comprising a sintered element having at least about 55% porosity, the sintered element comprising a matrix of substantially interconnected pores, each of the pores being defined by a plurality of dendtritic metallic particles. A preferred form is made from pure nickel, preferably filamentous nickel powder. The high-porosity metallic membrane element, comprising the aforementioned sintered element having at least about 55% porosity, can be sealed within a filter housing to produce a highly porous filter device with a filtered fluid flow path through the metal membrane element. Also disclosed is a method of making the high-porosity metallic membrane element which includes depositing by air-laying techniques a substantially uniform low-density bed of a sinterable dendritic material into a mold suitable for applying compressive force thereto, compressing the low-density bed of sinterable dendritic material to form a green form, and sintering the green form.

Abstract: A process for producing a porous fluid permeable body which is heatable by the passage of electric current therethrough. The process involves coating silicon-containing particles with a cokable organic binder to produce coated particles with a particle size fraction of 0.2 to 10 mm, forming the particles into a molding, coking the binder and heating the molding at 1400.degree. to 2000.degree. C. in the presence of nitrogen to form a doped body containing 30% to 100% .beta.-silicon carbide.

Abstract: A coreless filter comprises a pleated, spirally wound loop of material disposed in a housing. The loop includes a layer of filter material, such as a membrane filter, interposed between two support layers.

Abstract: A porous filter medium is formed by a pleated cylinder of a depth filter medium. An absolute rated inner filtration layer is arranged between upstream and downstream drainage layers. The depth filter medium is formed from a continuous sleeve. Additionally or alternatively at least the downstream drainage layer may be formed integrally with at least a part of an inner filtration layer. The material of the medium may be a fibrous mass of non-woven synthetic polymeric micro-fibres which are free of fibre-to-fibre bonding and are secured to each other by mechanical entanglement or intertwining, with the diameter of the fibrous structure varying across the medium.

Abstract: A helically wound tube made of at least two sheets of preperforated flat roll paper material. Each sheet is helically wound in edge abutting relation such that one longitudinal edge of the sheet abuts the other longitudinal edge of the sheet to form a ridgeless seam. Some of the perforations of the subsequently wound sheets overlap some of the perforations of the previously wound sheets to form a reinforced cylindrical tube having perforations that permit radial flow through the cylindrical tube.

Abstract: A getter-filter composite membrane element, comprising a sinterable getter material and a sinterable metal filter material, the composite element defining a matrix of substantially interconnected pores. Membrane elements may be comprised of at least three alternating layers of a first sinterable getter material layer and a second sinterable metal filter material layer, the first getter layer being located between the second filter layers, the second layers acting to hold the getter layer, and to retain the getter particles. Also disclosed is a method of making the getter-filter element.

Abstract: A carbon-filled fuel vapor filter system, including a polymer housing, the polymer housing including a hose inlet, a hose outlet, and a formed block of carbon pellets or granules with a polymer binding between the carbon pellets or granules contained within the fuel filter housing.

Abstract: A device and method for maintaining a clean gas stream includes a particulate filter comprising of support tube made from a formed textile. The formed textile is constructed from a continuous filament inorganic yarn and is porous to allow gas and particulates therein to pass through the support tube. A filtering element is disposed about the support tube to trap particulates in the exhaust gas. The formed textile which defines the support tube is relatively flexible in its natural state. To act as a supporting structure, the formed textile is made less flexible by the application of an inorganic binder. The natural flexibility of the formed textile minimizes the damaging effects of mechanical and thermal shock, while the inorganic binder stiffens the formed textile and allows the support tube to support itself and the filtering element thereon.

Abstract: Method and device for manufacturing a flat textile structure in which two melts of at least two polymer materials are changed to the form of fibers with the aid of a spinning device and in which fibers are then combined and then solidified. The spinning device consists of a spinning rotor and the polymer materials employed have an charge difference of at least ten unit charges. The two materials are first melted separately from one another. Each melt, by means of a distributor device, is then fed to a group of outlet openings of a spinning rotor unmixed. The fibers emerging from the outlet openings are then stretched and combined to form a common flat structure with the flat structure then being charged triboelectrically by an aftertreatment.

Abstract: A method for post-treating a laminated precursor nonwoven web which includes layers of thermoplastic man-made fibers and at least one layer of cellulose-based staple natural fibers, including consolidating the web longitudinally and thereby reducing the maximum pore size measure of the web. The precursor web and the resultant consolidated nonwoven web are also disclosed, as is utilization of the product web in medical uses.

Abstract: A method for post-treating a laminated precursor nonwoven web which includes layers of thermoplastic man-made fibers and at least one layer of cellulose-based staple natural fibers, including consolidating the web laterally and thereby reducing the maximum pore size measure of the web. The precursor web and the resultant consolidated nonwoven web are also disclosed, as is utilization of the product web in medical uses.

Abstract: Porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene material having a microstructure of nodes interconnected by fibrils wherein a surface of the material has been modified to have increased hydrophobicity as indicated by having a water droplet roll-off angle of less than about 10 degrees in comparison to a typical roll-off angle of greater than about 12 degrees for the unmodified material. Under magnification, the surface morphology may be indistinguishable from that of the unmodified precursor material. The modification is preferably done by exposing the surface to radio frequency gas plasma discharge with a reactive etching gas for a lengthy amount of time such as about ten minutes. If surface etching is continued beyond a time adequate to produce the highly hydrophobic behavior, then the surface morphology includes the appearance of broken fibrils.

Abstract: The humidity exchanger medium is manufactured by forming a laminate of (i) a corrugated sheet and (ii) a flat sheet bonded to points of contact of a ridged surface of the corrugated sheet, the laminate having been impregnated with sodium silicate waterglass and then partially dried, each corrugated and flat sheet constituted of a paper of inorganic fibers; forming a honeycomb matrix from at least one laminate; soaking the honeycomb matrix in an acidic solution containing at least a titanium inorganic salt to convert the sodium silicate waterglass to a titanium-containing silicate hydrogel; and washing and drying the honeycomb matrix to convert the titanium-containing silicate hydrogel to a titanium-containing silicate aerogel.

Abstract: Improved composite semipermeable membranes including microporous carbonaceous adsorptive material supported by a porous substrate for use in separating multicomponent gas mixtures in which certain components in the mixture adsorb within the pores of the adsorptive material and diffuse by surface flow through the membrane to yield a permeate stream enriched in these components. Methods for making the improved composite membranes are described including one or more oxidation steps which increase the membrane permeability and selectivity.

Abstract: A filter and method for making the filter. The filter has a first filter layer of high efficiency melt blown filter medium having an efficiency of pre-HEPA to HEPA, and a second filter layer of cellulose support medium by which the first filter layer is supported. The filter is pleated, and a plurality of dimples for separating a plurality of pleats can be fabricated on the pleat tips.

Abstract: A module for crossflow filtration, a method of making same, and a filtration device that accommodates at least one such module, which includes at least two multilayer filter units which are stacked on top of one another and are separated from one another by a respective spacer, with the module having at least one channel for unfiltered material and at least one filtrate channel that connects the filter units. The module further includes a sealing material ring for sealingly interconnecting peripheral portions of the filter units, with at least one edge section of the filter units being spaced from the sealing material ring to form the channels for unfiltered material. The layers of each individual filter unit are fused together at least at edge sections that are not embedded in the sealing material ring which, at edge sections of the filter units that are embedded therein, has a width that is sufficient to completely accommodate the filtrate channels.

Abstract: The invention is a process for obtaining membranes having improved selectivity and recovery using a combination of heat treating and UV irradiation.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention include pressure differential barrier members for separating selected substances from fluid, gaseous and/or liquid, and methods of making same. They include separation material which, with respect to the fluid to be treated, is pervious and exhibits desired separation capabilities. They may also, at least in part, include material which is substantially impervious to the fluid. They include bridges spanning flow paths to form lateral flow paths, and they may also include flow paths that are unbridged. All flow paths through such embodiments are either through structural elements which themselves have desired separation capabilities or are occupied by separation material that is pervious to the fluid being treated and is of such desired characteristics.

Abstract: A caul screen is made with metal cable having a low twist level of between 1 and 5 turns per inch and where the cable is made with filaments that have been coated with brass; the cable is woven into a mesh to form the screen.

Abstract: A heating or air-conditioning system for the interior of a motor vehicle, is provided which has an exchangeable air filter comprising two mutually adjoining filter sections, surrounded peripherally by a holding frame. For the insertion of the filter, the first filter section is initially fed in through an assigned opening and is then displaced sidewards into its working position and the second filter section is only then inserted. Two identical filter sections are used to increase the sealing effect, the mutually adjoining longitudinal sides of which, upon the second filter section being fed in, are connected by means of a tongue-and-groove joint, extending along the top of said longitudinal sides or alternately over half their length, into a mutually adjacent position. Guide devices ensure that the filter sections slide onto the holding frame.

Abstract: Mixtures of hydrogen and hydrocarbons may be separated by a membrane formed of a thin dense layer of platinum or palladium on the inside of a porous graphite tube.

Abstract: Multilayer composite membranes are produced in a one-step coating process that provides an interior gas separation layer and an external defect sealing layer.

Abstract: The invention comprises a filter cartridge including a cylindrical filter medium potted into a top cap, and having an internally potted bottom closure molded in place inside the filter medium.

Abstract: A high efficiency air filtration media comprises: about 5 to about 20% by weight of fibrids; about 5 to about 20% by weight of a binder; and about 60 to about 90% by weight of staple fiber. The media has a pressure drop of air across a face of the media of less than or equal to 0.4 inches of water. The media, also, has a sodium chloride particulate test for respirator filter percent efficiency of greater than or equal to 60%.

Abstract: A self-supporting filter of adsorbent particles is provided by agglomerating the adsorbent particles with a thermoplastic binder and forming a self-supporting filter with a low pressure drop and high efficiency suitable for use as an automotive cabin filter.

Abstract: An exhaust gas filter for internal combustion engines and having a honeycomb structure comprises a ceramic fiber and an inorganic binder. The ceramic fiber consists essentially of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and SiO.sub.2. The inorganic binder includes Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and SiO.sub.2 to bind the ceramic fiber. The inorganic binder is of a single glass phase or of a mixed phase of a glass phase and a crystal phase both having the same crystal structure in the temperature range of 20.degree. to 1200.degree. C. In the inorganic binder, a crystal such as quartz which produces abnormal expansion due to crystal phase transition is excluded, and occurrence of cracking is prevented.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a nonwoven material having improved resistance to penetration by particles.

Abstract: An electret filter made of a resin whose angle of contact upon wetting with pure water is no smaller than 95 degrees, as well as an electret filter made of a resin whose angle of contact upon wetting with pure water has been adjusted to no smaller than 95 degrees by addition of silicone oil. Those electret filters have high trapping efficiency and their ability to trap particulates, especially cigarette smoke, will not deteriorate even if they are continuously used. Therefore, they can advantageously be used as filter media in many applications such as home and industrial air conditioners, air cleaners, fan heaters, vacuum cleaners, and air conditioning systems for common equipment.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a filtering apparatus and a method for manufacturing a filtering apparatus comprising a housing and a filter arrangement disposed within the housing. The housing may have first and second identical body portions. The filter arrangement, which may include an end cap and a filter element, may be secured within the housing solely by mechanical compression between the first and second body portions.

Abstract: A two-layered filter medium for liquid filtration comprises a support composed of organic fibers of 7 .mu.m or more in diameter and basis weight of 30-150 g/m.sup.2, and a filtering layer composed of three kinds of organic fibers different in diameter, a part or all of the kind of organic fibers having the largest diameter being a fibrous organic binder.

Abstract: A porous filter medium is formed by a pleated cylinder of a depth filter medium. An absolute rated inner filtration layer is arranged between upstream and downstream drainage layers. The depth filter medium is formed from a continuous sleeve. Additionally or alternatively at least the downstream drainage layer may be formed integrally with at least a part of an inner filtration layer. The material of the medium may be a fibrous mass of non-woven synthetic polymeric micro-fibers which are free of fiber-to-fiber bonding and are secured to each other by mechanical entanglement or intertwining, with the diameter of the fibrous structure varying across the medium.

Abstract: A disposable intake air cleaner for internal combustion engines, particularly relatively large truck engines and the like. The air cleaner accommodates engine intake air ducts of different sizes as well as installation of the cleaner on a motor vehicle without precise alignment of the air cleaner with the engine intake air duct and without the use of a hump hose or other flexible air conduit between the air cleaner and a fixed engine intake duct. The air cleaner has a flexible air duct coupling integrally formed, by a unique method, with a sealing bond between the air cleaner housing and air filter. A reusable flexible boot connects the air cleaner inlet to an engine air intake passage in the vehicle hood when the cleaner is mounted in the engine compartment and the hood is closed.

Abstract: A filter element and a method for manufacturing the filter element is disclosed wherein filter paper is folded in a zigzag manner to form a filter material, and a circumferential portion of the filter material is fastened by an adhesive so as to fasten the zigzag filter material and to divide the filter material into a dust side and a clean side. Thus, the structure of the filter element is simplified and a filter performance is enhanced.

Abstract: A filtering unit having multiple filtering sides uses one or more filtering elements wrapped around an inner housing containing a blowing device. Outer housing panels are disposed about the filtering elements. The filtering elements and outer housing panels are held in place by one or more stays.

Abstract: An ozone filter for decomposing ozone in the air is disclosed. The ozone filter is composed of a carrier formed by paper made of inorganic fibers having a porosity of 70 to 95%. The carrier is impregnated with a solution of fine powder-like activated manganese dioxide dispersed in water and having a particle size of 0.3 to 50 .mu.m and a specific surface area of not less than 100 m.sup.2 /g in an amount of not less than 40 g/m.sup.2, on a dry white base of activated manganese dioxide, which is allowed to adhere to the carrier, and is then dried. The ozone filter thus produced is more active and has a longer life with a reduced pressure loss than conventional ozone filters.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method are disclosed for modifying a gaseous mixture. The apparatus comprises a unitary body having an inlet end, an outlet end, and a multiplicity of cells extending from inlet end to outlet end, the cells being separated from one another by porous walls, and filler material comprising electrically non-conducting active powder material, loaded into at least part of the volume of the cells, with some of the cells being unloaded and open, wherein a gaseous mixture enters the body at the inlet end through the open cells, and at least some of the gaseous mixture passes through the porous walls and is compositionally modified by the active material, and thereafter the resultant modified mixture passes through the open cells and exits the body at the outlet end. The apparatus can be used in conjunction with other apparatuses which are catalyzed to form a gas modifying system. The apparatus and system are especially suited for conversion of hydrocarbons, NO.sub.

Abstract: A film electret and an electret filter that contain a polar high-molecular weight compound and that provides a TSDC curve having a homocharge peak temperature of at least 95.degree. C. and a heterocharge peak temperature of at least 80.degree. C.

Abstract: A rigid self-supporting filter unit is produced by placing two portions of fiber fabric in face-to-face contact and stitching them along parallel regions, using two rows of stitches (16), to form pockets into which formers (20) are inserted to shape the pockets into a generally diamond shape. This assembly is then placed between two presser members (22, 24) which are corrugated, the "valleys" of the corrugations receiving the diamond-shaped formed portions. The presser members are heated and the portions are thus treated by heat and pressure to cause the fabric to be rendered rigid. The formers can then be removed. Suitable fibers for this purpose include a rigidising fiber known as P84, polyphenylene sulphide fibers, polyester fibers either alone or mixed with polypropylene fibers, and bicomponent fibers.

Abstract: A method for post-treating a precursor nonwoven web including consolidating the web laterally and thereby reducing the maximum pore size measure of the web. The resultant nonwoven web is also disclosed as is utilization of the product web as a filter.

Abstract: An air filter unit comprising a first sheet of filter material folded into a zig-zag configuration with a generally planar second sheet of fine mesh air penetrable material extending across apexes of the zig-zag fold on one or both sides of the filter. The second sheet includes peripheral portions which are folded up against the lateral edges of the first sheet to facilitate mounting of the filter unit within a frame.

Abstract: An improved method for the continuous fabrication of filter units for use in automotive air bag inflators by spirally winding a hollow cylindrical core, at least one filter layer, and an outer layer to form a continuous spirally wound filter unit. The continuous spirally wound filter unit is then cut into individual filter unit of desired length by the use of conventional cutting device.

Abstract: A filter unit is made of two portions (14) of rigid corrugated material secured together along lands (50,52) extending parallel with the corrugations and, if desired, intermediate them, and also along lands (54) formed along one end of the corrugations, thus closing the passages formed when the two portions (14) are secured together. Suitable fastenings are adhesive bonding, and metallic fasteners, e.g. eyelets, or stitching. Further flanges (56) may be provided for facilitating a connection with a suitable suction or other air-drawing source; also if desired, such further lands (56) may be out-flanged for facilitating such connection. Apparatus for forming the sheet material is also provided whereby material from a continuous supply is progressively formed between two sets of blade members (102), the blade members being moved sequentially and alternately (as between the two sets) into forming engagement with the sheet material.

Abstract: A ceramic filter candle is formed by a skeleton of ceramic fibers and spaced apart metallic perforate reinforcing members bonded together by means of a ceramic binder and a porous ceramic coating material which partially fills the interstices between the fibers and the perforations in the reinforcing members. The candle is manufactured in a vacuum forming process wherein an aqueous slurry of the ceramic fibers and a ceramic binder is drawn through a generally cylindrical mold surface and the preformed tubular reinforcing members to deposit the fibers on the mold surface and over the reinforcing members. The fibers and the reinforcing members are subsequently coated with a ceramic material.

Abstract: A method for continuously producing air filters made from synthetic materials is described, wherein an essentially continuous length of filter material is passed through a series of ultrasonic welding means to form a pocket into which a frame can be inserted. The pocket is then ultrasonically welded closed. Individual filters are then cut from the length of filter material. The process may also be used to create synthetic bag filters.

Abstract: A ceramic filter for a dust-containing gas, which comprises a filter base having an average pore size of from 20 to 100 .mu.m, and a filter layer having an average pore size of from 0.2 to 10 .mu.m fixed at least to the filtering side surface of the filter base so that the filter layer fills the pores open on the surface of the filter base.

Abstract: A filter useful for separating contaminants from fluids includes a fused single crystal acicular ceramic support having a discriminating layer thereon, such as a sintered, porous alpha-alumina membrane, on at least part of the support. The support is preferably composed of a non-stoichiometric acicular mullite of about 76 percent by weight Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and about 24 percent by weight SiO.sub.2. The support can be any one of a variety of shapes, but is conveniently elongated in form and preferably includes a plurality of parallel channels through it. The support may be in either a dead-end or cross-flow configuration. In the dead-end configuration, half of the channel holes at each end are plugged in a checkerboard arrangement with the holes open at one end and plugged at the other end. In the cross-flow configuration, all channels are connected by a series of shallow slits cut in the filter, and no end plugs are used.

Abstract: A multilayer membrane is composed of a carrier layer, a porous supporting layer and a separating layer. The carrier layer consists of fibers of polyamide, polyvinylidene difluoride, polyester or glass; the porous supporting layer consists of a polysulfone, polyvinylidene difluoride, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile or polyether imide; the separating layer consists of polyvinyl alcohol. The separating layer is nonporous and has a structure having a high microcrystalline content. A process of manufacturing that membrane is also described.

Abstract: A novel membrane system, including a layer of platinum or palladium on graphite, is used to separate hydrogen from a hydrocarbon stream.

Abstract: An air scoop screen is used in the incoming end of an automotive air intake to prevent the ingestion of rocks or debris thrown up by preceding vehicles. A rectangular fiberglass screen is folded outward along its edges to form a rectangular screen with rectangular edges about 90 degrees to the screen body. Rigid reinforcements may be placed inside the edges and secured to a Velcro fastener and to the screen edges to assist in maintaining the rectangular shape. A hook-type Velcro fastener is bonded to the inside of the intake scoop near its front end. The screen is inserted in the air scoop and, with the fingers on the inside of the edges, the Velcro fastener attached to the screen is pressed into the Velcro fastener bonded on the inside of the air scoop.