Abstract: A fuel pellet is produced by the combination of organic waste material with a binder obtained by direct liquefaction and/or fast pyrolysis of biomass material. Direct liquefaction and fast pyrolysis are carried out according to known liquefaction processes. The liquefied bio-binder base is mixed with additives, if desired, such as petroleum asphalt and cross-linking agents, in order to modify its characteristics to meet specific needs of particular applications, and the resulting mixture is mixed with organic-waste material preheated to 100° C. or more and allowed to react at about 150-200° C. Combustible extenders and fillers, reinforcing fibers, and cross-linking agents may be mixed with the organic material or the bio-binder base to provide additional specific properties to the mixture. The resulting well mixed mass is then pelletized or otherwise molded in conventional equipment.

Abstract: Described herein is the isomerisation process of 6&bgr;-fluorosteroids into the corresponding pharmacologically active 6&agr;-fluoro derivatives, comprising the reaction of 6&bgr;-fluorosteroids, or 6&agr;/6&bgr; isomeric mixtures, with an organic base containing a diazoimino group in a suitable organic solvent.

Abstract: A C-11 substituted steroid and a method of use of a C-11 substituted steroid to treat osteoporosis.

Abstract: A 3-keto-19-nor-pregnene of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, acyloxy of an organic carboxylic acid, lower alkoxy, halogen and lower alkyl, R' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogen, or R and R' together form oxygen, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, --OH and lower acyloxy of an organic carboxylic acid and the dotted line is an optional double bond in the 6,7-position useful for treating the symptoms of menopause in females.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula ##STR1##

Abstract: The invention is drawn to a process for the preparation of a steroid of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and theo A, B, C, and D ring system has at least one double bond and is optionally substituted by at least one optionally protected hydroxy, optionally protected keto, halogen, alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms by reacting the corresponding 17-ketosteroid with a compound of the formula ##STR2## and then by reacting the resulting compound with an aryl sulfenyl halide. The intermediate produced then undergoes rearrangement followed by epimerization with a strong base to obtain a mixture of the corresponding sulfoxide diastereoisomers which is reacted with a thiophilic compound. The intermediate produced undergoes acid hydrolysis to provide the compound of formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of using a perchloric acid catalyzed reaction to make acyl derivatives of norprogesterone compounds and, in particular, 16-methylene-17.alpha.-hydroxy-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione.

Abstract: A C-11 substituted steroid and a method of use of a C-11 substituted steroid to treat osteoporosis.

Abstract: Novel steroids having a 9.alpha.-hydroxy or a 9.alpha.-carbonate substituent can be prepared from 9.alpha.-hydroxyandrostenedione and can be utilized in the synthesis of commercially valuable corticosteroids such as betamethasone. The 9.alpha.-carbonates are prepared by reaction of the corresponding 9.alpha.-hydroxy steroid with a sequence of excess base, trialkylsilyl chloride, alkyl haloformate and alkanol or by using excess base, alkyl haloformate and alkoxide. 9.alpha.-Carbonate-17-keto compounds can be treated with lithium acetylide and a lithium salt to afford the corresponding 17.alpha.-ethynyl-17.beta.-hydroxy-9.alpha.-carbonate. This compound is then esterified with a novel series of reagents to give the 17-ester which can be reduced the corresponding 17-allene. Oxidation of this allene to the bis-epoxide compound, followed by treatment with an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid under phase transfer conditions gives the 17.alpha.-hydroxy 21-ester 9.alpha.-carbonate. Elimination of the 9.alpha.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## and the pharmacologically tolerable addition salts thereof with acids are described, in which eitherIa) R.sup.11 represents a hydrogen atom in the .beta.-configuration and each of R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 represents a hydrogen atom, orIb) R.sup.11 represents a hydrogen atom in the .beta.-configuration and R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 together represent a second bond, orIc) R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 together represent a second bond and R.sup.13 represents a hydrogen atom, orId) R.sup.11 represents a hydrogen atom in the .alpha.-configuration and R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 together represent a second bond,and in Ia), Ib), Ic) or Id)X represents an oxygen atom, the hydroxyimino grouping >N.about.OH or two hydrogen atoms,R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,R.sup.2 represents a hydroxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkoxy group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -acyloxy group, andR.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## in which ##STR2## is either a 3-keto-.DELTA.4-system or a 3-keto -.DELTA.1,4-system or a 3-OR.sub.4 - .DELTA.5-system in which R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a protector group of hydroxy, R is methyl --CH.sub.2 OH or --CH.sub.2 OR', in which R' is a protector group of hydroxy, R.sub.1 and R'.sub.1 are individually selected from the group consisting of methyl, a branched alkyl not possessing hydrogen in the .beta. position of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 10 carbon atoms, heteroaryl of up to 10 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom chosen from nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen and benzyl, n and m, are individually numbers 0 or 1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or R.sub.2 is fluorine and R.sub.3 is formyloxy or acetyloxy and the dotted lines in position 9(11) indicate the optional presence of a second bond which is useful for the preparation of compounds of formula A.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms optionally substituted by halogen or a nitrogen or oxygen function and alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the A, B, C and D rings are optionally substituted by at least one member of the group consisting of optionally protected --OH or .dbd.0, halogen, alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms comprising reacting a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and the A, B, C and D rings are defined as above with an oxidizing agent in the presence of water and an at least partially water-miscible solvent to obtain a compound of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: There are provided 13-alkyl-11beta-phenyl-gonanes of formula I ##STR1## wherein Z is an oxygen atom or N--OH;R.sup.2 is alpha- or beta-position methyl or ethyl;R.sup.1 is selected from heteroaryl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, cycloalkenyl radicals, aryl radicals, alkenyl radicals, and alkyl radicals where R.sup.2 is in the alpha-position and an ethyl radical where R.sup.2 is in the beta-position; andR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are selected from one of two different groups of substituent pairs, the group from which the selection is made being determined by the position of R.sup.2.

Abstract: New 11.beta.-phenyl-14.beta.H-steroids of general formula (I), where Z is an oxygen atom or the hydroxyimino-grouping N.about.OH, and M and N are either jointly a second compound or L is a hydrogen atom and M is an .alpha.-permanent hydroxy group and either A and B together are a second compound and D is a hydrogen atom, where R.sup.1 is a five or six-part heteroalkyl residue or a cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or aryl residue or A is a hydrogen atom and B and D together are a methylene bridge, where R.sup.1 besides the aforementioned residues may be a possibly substituted hydrocarbon residue with up to 10 C atoms, a possibly substituted amino group, a hydroxy or C.sub.1-8 alkoxy, mercapto or thioalkyl group, R.sup.2 is a methyl or ethyl residue, and R.sup.3 /R.sup.4 represents the usual combination of substituents on the C17 atom in steroid chemistry, having antigestagenic and other properties.