Abstract: A carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid salt containing a plurality of carbonyl groups, and a surfactant represented by the following formula: R1—C(?O)—R2—C(?O)—R3-A wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein, and A is —COOX or —SO3X, wherein X is H, a metal atom, NR44, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent, where R4s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and any two of R1, R2, and R3 optionally bind to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol derivative compositions, methods for their manufacture, and their use in personal care products are disclosed. Lipophilic hydroxytyrosol carbonate ester compound can be made by oxidizing a substituted hydroxybenzaldehyde compound with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide under mild conditions. The process involves enzymatic esterification of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol to form the corresponding ester, the introduction of a formyl group ortho to the phenolic hydroxyl group of the ester to form a lipophilic formyltyrosol ester; oxidation of the lipophilic formyltyrosol ester with a peroxide compound to form a lipophilic hydroxytyrosol ester compound; and reaction of lipophilic hydroxytyrosol ester compound with carbonic acid ester derivatives to form a lipophilic hydroxytyrosol carbonic ester compound. These compounds are useful is a wide variety of personal care compositions as anti-aging compounds that are stable against oxidation.

Abstract: Using NMR/MS based metabonomics and targeted lipidomics approaches the inventors have explored the metabolic phenotypes of aging and longevity in a cohort compromising centenarians, elderly and young adults. The inventors have identified biomarkers for a reduced risk of developing ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders and propose a method of diagnosing a lifestyle that allows delaying and/or avoiding ageing related chronic inflammatory disorders using 9-oxo-HODE as biomarker.

Abstract: The subject invention provides efficient and convenient methods of isolating 9-oxo-10E, 12E-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (9-KODE methyl ester) from C. versicolor. In addition, the subject invention provides therapeutic uses of Coriolus versicolor extracts, biologically-active chemical substituents isolated from C. versicolor, as well as 9-KODE methyl ester and related compounds. In a preferred embodiment, the subject invention can be used to inhibit the metastatic spread of cancer cells.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) for use in the treatment of a disease of the immune system; wherein R is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms; R1 is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of R2, R3 and R4 is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, arylalkylene or alkylarylene moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of X, Y and Z is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkenylene, arylene, alkylarylene, cycloalkylene, ketone, ester, amide, imide, imine, thioether, ether, thioester and thioketone; and P is selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group, a sugar residue, or a metal, phosphonium or ammonium species; wherein at least one of X, Y and Z includes a moiety selected from cyclopropyl, C=A, C-AH and C—OR5; wherein R5 is alkyl or haloalkyl, and A is O,

Abstract: Provided is an oil or fat composition, which has an MCPD-FS content (ppm) of 13 ppm or less, the content being measured by a Deutsche Gesellschaft für Fettwissenschaft (DGF) standard method C-III 18(09), has a diacylglycerol content of 15 mass % or more, and is subjected to deodorization treatment.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a plant cell differentiation promoter with which it is possible to promote differentiation from a callus to a normal adventitious embryo, or promote differentiation of an adventitious root or adventitious bud from a plant cutting, and as a result, obtain a regenerated plant with stability. The present invention provides a plant differentiation promoter comprising as the active ingredient a specific ketole fatty acid or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds having biosurfactant activity that are produced by an Aureobasidium pullulans L-3-GPY strain. The chemical structure of the novel compounds having biosurfactant activity has been analyzed by using a spectrophotometer, and it has been confirmed that the compounds produced by the above strain show excellent surfactant activity. The active ingredient of the biosurfactant according to the present invention can be applied in various fields such as a cleansing and purifying compositions. Further, the active ingredient of the biosurfactant can be used in numerous industrial fields where chemical surfactants have been conventionally used such as medical, foods, cosmetics, purification of oil contaminated land and seawater, milk fat degradation, and the like.

Abstract: Mixture comprising esters of saturated C16-C18 fatty acid and unsaturated C16-C18 fatty acids with 2-ethyl-hexyl alcohol, said esters being in an amount ranging from 90% to 100% by weight with respect to the total weight of the mixture. The cosmetic compositions containing such a mixture formulated in topical form have a moisturizing, emollient, elasticizing and skin compactness and smoothness improving action.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a single phase acetylated castor component (SP-ACC). An acetylated castor component is purified to produce the SP-ACC which contains a reduced amount of, or no, insoluble component(s) therein. The SP-ACC enhances the performance and properties of plasticizers of which it is a component.

Abstract: The invention provides functionalized monosaccharides and disaccharides suitable for use in synthesizing a lipid A derivative, as well as methods for synthesizing and using a synthetic lipid A derivative.

Abstract: The subject invention provides efficient and convenient methods of isolating 9-oxo-10E, 12E-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (9-KODE methyl ester) from C. versicolor. In addition, the subject invention provides therapeutic uses of Coriolus versicolor extracts, biologically-active chemical substituents isolated from C. versicolor, as well as 9-KODE methyl ester and related compounds. In a preferred embodiment, the subject invention can be used to inhibit the metastatic spread of cancer cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are artificial membranes of mycolic acids. The membranes may be unsupported or tethered. These membranes are long lived and highly resistant to electroporation, demonstrating their general strength. The mycolic acid membranes are suitable for controlled studies of the mycobacterial outer membrane and can be used in other experiments, such as nanopore analyte translocation experiments.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester and compositions containing the same. The acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester may be blended with an epoxidized fatty acid ester. The present acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester and blends find advantageous application as a plasticizer.

Abstract: Transgenic oilseed plants, plant material, plant cells, and genetic constructs for synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (“PHA”) are provided. In a preferred embodiment, the transgenic oilseed plants synthesize (poly)3-hydroxybutyrate (“PHB”) in the seed. Genes utilized include phaA, phaB, phaC, all of which are known in the art. The genes can be introduced in the plant, plant tissue, or plant cell using conventional plant molecular biology techniques.

Abstract: A composition for placental exfoliation and a method for placental exfoliation. The composition for placental exfoliation contains an arachidonic acid derivative or the like, and the method for placental exfoliation comprises the step of administering an arachidonic acid derivative or the like to a mammal after the fetal delivery.

Abstract: The invention provides functionalized monosaccharides and disaccharides suitable for use in synthesizing a lipid A derivative, as well as methods for synthesizing and using a synthetic lipid A derivative.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) for use in the treatment of a disease of the immune system; wherein R is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms; R1 is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of R2, Wand R4 is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, arylalkylene or alkylarylene moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of X, Y and Z is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkenylene, arylene, alkylarylene, cycloalkylene, ketone, ester, amide, imide, imine, thioether, ether, thioester and thioketone; and P is selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group, a sugar residue, or a metal, phosphonium or ammonium species; wherein at least one of X, Y and Z includes a moiety selected from cyclopropyl, C=A, C-AH and C-OR5; wherein R5 is alkyl or haloalkyl, and A is O, S

Abstract: A method for modifying ethylenic unsaturation in a triglyceride. One or more unsaturated fatty acyl moieties present in the triglyceride are substituted with a lactone or ketone moiety via an electron acceptor mediated reaction. The resulting reaction products are useful, for example, as formulations for lubricants, hydraulic fluids, dielectric fluids, and intermediates for polymer synthesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a single phase acetylated castor component (SP-ACC). An acetylated castor component is purified to produce the SP-ACC which contains a reduced amount of, or no, insoluble component(s) therein. The SP-ACC enhances the performance and properties of plasticizers of which it is a component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes by reacting an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with at least one compound of the formula (I), where Pn is pnicogen; W is a divalent bridging group having from 1 to 8 bridge atoms between the flanking bonds; R1 is a functional group capable of forming at least one intermolecular, noncovalent bond with the —X(?O)OH group of the compound of the formula (I); R2, R3 are each in each case optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl or together with the pnicogen atom and together with the groups Y2 and Y3 if present form an optionally fused and optionally substituted 5- to 8-membered heterocycle; a, b and c are each 0 or 1; and Y1,2,3 are each, independently of one another, O, S, NRa or SiRbRc, where Ra,b,c are each H or in each c

Abstract: Compositions and processes for destabilizing an oil-in-water emulsion resulting from the aqueous solvent extraction of plant oils are disclosed. The processes comprise the use of one or more enzyme activities including phospholipase and protease activity. The processes are useful for improving the extraction of oil from oilseeds, as well as for obtaining more desirable proteins from those oilseeds.

Abstract: The invention provides functionalized monosaccharides and disaccharides suitable for use in synthesizing a lipid A derivative, as well as methods for synthesizing and using a synthetic lipid A derivative.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic resin derived from a naturally occurring oil or fat comprising monoglycerides and/or diglycerides, esterified with a poly(hydroxy acid) having the following formula: wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon chain comprising from 6 to 32 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrogen atom, a —COR4 group, where R4 is defined according to the same definition as R1 or a poly(hydroxy acid) esterified group; the poly(hydroxy acid) group corresponding to [hydroxy acid]n—CO—X—OH is a linear or a branched chain, obtained by condensating hydroxy acid monomers that are the same or different; depending on the nature of the hydroxy acid, X=—CH2, —CHR, where R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and comprising from 0 to 5 hydroxyl function(s); and n is the number of hydroxy acid units that are the same or different and does range from 3 to 2000.

Abstract: ?-Ketol unsaturated fatty acid derivatives represented by the general formula (1); and plant growth regulators containing the same, which develop plant growth regulation performance such as flower bud formation acceleration in low concentrations and are excellent in stability: wherein R1 is straight-chain C1-5 alkyl or a straight-chain unsaturated C3-5 hydrocarbon group having one or two double bonds; and R2 is straight-chain C1-15 alkylene or a straight-chain unsaturated C2-15 hydrocarbon chain having one to three double bonds, with the proviso that the number of carbon-carbon double bonds is at most four.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and products, such as waxes and lubricants, comprising a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed in a continuous phase comprising a vegetable oil derived material, such as one or more vegetable oils or a synthetic product derived from one or more vegetable oils. Incorporation of nanoparticles in the present compositions is beneficial for providing mechanical, thermal and/or chemical properties useful for a selected product or product application. In some compositions of the present invention, for example, incorporation of the nanoparticle component provides compositions derived from one or more vegetable oils exhibiting enhanced mechanical stability, hardness, viscosity, thermal stability and mechanical strength.

Abstract: A method for modifying ethylenic unsaturation in a triglyceride. One or more unsaturated fatty acyl moieties present in the triglyceride are substituted with a lactone or ketone moiety via a electron donor mediated reaction. The resulting reaction products are useful, for example, as formulations for lubricants, hydraulic fluids, dielectric fluids, and intermediates for polymer synthesis.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a group of related lipid molecules, and methods for their use, that maybe used to treat inflammation and certain inflammation related diseases. The group of related lipid molecules are capable of inhibiting certain enzyme systems including phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2. The group of related lipid molecules of the invention may be characterized by specific structural characteristics, or by specific biological activity, including inhibition of the previously listed enzymes.

Abstract: A ruthenium-carrying alumina, which is prepared by suspending alumina in a solution containing trivalent ruthenium and adding a base to the suspension, is provided. This ruthenium-carrying alumina is useful as a catalyst for oxidizing alcohols by contacting the alcohols with molecular oxygen, and can be used for oxidizing the alcohols at a high conversion to produce ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, etc. with good productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel ketone compounds, compositions comprising ketone compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemias, dysproteinemias, and glucose metabolism disorders comprising administering a composition comprising a ketone compound. The compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are also useful for treating and preventing Alzheimer's Disease, Syndrome X, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-related disorders, septicemia, thrombotic disorders, obesity, pancreatitis, hypertension, renal disease, cancer, inflammation, and impotence. In certain embodiments, the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are useful in combination therapy with other therapeutics, such as hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic agents.

Abstract: Novel mixed esters of dicarboxylic acids with monohydric fatty alcohols and propoxylated fatty alcohols show unexpected superior properties as pigment dispersants, especially for inorganic pigments used in foundations, make-ups, lipsticks and physical sunscreens. The compounds of the present invention show superior pigment wetting and dispersing properties, as demonstrated by their ability to form fluid, very high-solids dispersions, while exhibiting unusual emolliency and gloss formation.

Abstract: Anticancer agents containing, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of &ohgr;-hydroxy fatty acids and salts or esters thereof, hydroxy oxo-fatty acids and salts or esters thereof, lactones, macrocyclic ketones, and macrocyclic diesters having specific chemical structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions of matter which may advantageously be used as lubricants or pressure transfer media or else for functional liquids and lubricant additives. The lubricants according to the invention are the reaction products of an electro-philic addition of linear or branched, aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides, carbonyl halides or novel neoacids to the double bonds of fatty acids, esters thereof and/or of other fatty acid derivatives and also of synthetic esters. Owing to their increased oxidation resistance compared to the starting materials and also their low toxicity, the novel class of synthetic esters based on oleochemicals may find use in novel environmentally compatible lubricants, pressure transfer systems, functional liquids and lubricant additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing &bgr;-ketoester fragrance pro-accords from activated acyl units, 1,3-dioxan-4,6-diones and fragrance raw material alcohols. The first step involves contacting an activated acyl unit, preferably an acid chloride, with a 1,3-dioxan-4,6-dione, an example of which is Meldrum's acid, to form a 2-acyl 1,3-dioxan-4,6-dione which is then reacted with a fragrance raw material alcohol to form the final &bgr;-ketoester fragrance pro-accord. The resulting &bgr;-ketoester fragrance pro-accords are suitable for use in laundry detergent, personal care, and other formulations wherein aesthetic fragrance materials are employed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a group of related lipid molecules, and methods for their use, that maybe used to treat inflammation and certain inflammation related diseases. The group of related lipid molecules are capable of inhibiting certain enzyme systems including phospholipase A2, and cyclooxygenase-2. The group of related lipid molecules of the invention may be characterized by specific structural characteristics, or by specific biological activity, including inhibition of the previously listed enzymes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds with protected hydroxy groups of formula (I) These compounds are precursors for organoleptic agents, such as fragrances, and masking agents and for antimicrobial agents. When activated, the compounds of formula (I) are cleaved and form one or more organoleptic and/or antimicrobial compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides an efficient synthetic method of &agr;-ketol unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond at a &bgr;-position to the ketone group thereof.

Abstract: A method and composition are disclosed for administering pyruvate in high doses to mammals, including humans. The method and composition do not produce an excessive acid load, salt load, or nitrogen load. Bioavailability of pyruvate from the composition is high.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid, a useful pharmaceutical intermediate, easily from a readily available, inexpensive starting material without using any extraordinary production equipment such as a very-low-temperature reactor. Thus, this invention provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid which comprises permitting a lithium amide to act upon a mixture of an acetic acid ester and a 3-hydroxypropionic acid derivative at not below −20° C. Further, this invention also provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid which comprises treating a mixture of an acetic acid ester and a 3-hydroxypropionic acid derivative with a Grignard reagent to prepare a mixture of a compound and an acetic acid ester of the above formula (I), and permitting a lithium amide to act upon the mixture at a temperature not below −20° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to acetoacetic acid derivatives of the formula Ia or Ib, to processes for their preparation and to their use for the preparation of 2,15-hexadecanedione.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyglycerol partial esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched fatty acids and polyfunctional carboxylic acids, which are obtainable by esterification of a polyglycerol mixture with saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and polyfunctional carboxylic acids having 4 to 54 carbon atoms and a mean functionality of from 2 to 2.4, the degree of esterification of the polyglycerol mixture being between 30 and 75%.

Abstract: An additive for enhancing the performance of industrial pigments. The additive improves dispersibility and is the reaction product of an amine, a fatty amine, and a polybasic acid.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I are precursors for organoleptic and antimicrobial compounds. The latter are generated in the presence of skin bacteria, enzymes or acidic or alkaline conditions. One precursor molecule can provide one or more different compounds.

Abstract: Organic compounds containing at least one hydrophilic group are rendered soluble in fatty systems by the formation of a chemical complex with a carrier selected among fatty acid esters of polyhydric hydroxyalkanes having general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.5, R.sub.2 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.6, and each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is independently a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms or a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms, R2 and at least one or, when any of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is not H, at least two of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms. Diacetates of common monoglycerides are especilally preferred as the carriers for forming such complexes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel compound having the formula ##STR1## which exhibits antifungal activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to fatty acid monoglyceride polyglycol ether sulfosuccinates of the general formula ##STR1## where R represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkylene group having from 7 to 21 carbon atoms;R.sup.1 represents H or CO--R;R.sup.2 may represent, independently of each other, H or the group --CO--CH(SO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+)--CH.sub.2 --COO.sup.- M.sup.+ ;A represents the same or different and each is an alkylene group having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms;a,b,c,d may be the same or different, from 0 to 5,e being from 1 to 3,f is a multiplication product of c times e, and a+b+f+d is from 2 to 25; andM.sup.+ represents an alkali-metal ion or an ammonium ion, and to their preparation and use.

Abstract: Mono-unsaturated fatty acids or their derivates are produced by hydrogenating poly-unaturated fatty acids or their derivates at 0.degree. to 150.degree. C., in a pressure range from 800 to 1500 hPa, with hydrogen and in the presence of a catalyst system that contains: a) a palladium salt and b) a carbonic acid ester, as well as, if necessary, c) a base for neutralizing the acids formed during the reduction of the palladium salt, d) water and/or a water-immiscible, inert solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid, a useful pharmaceutical intermediate, easily from a readily available, inexpensive starting material without using any extraordinary production equipment such as a very-low-temperature reactor. Thus, this invention provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid which comprises permitting a lithium amide to act upon a mixture of an acetic acid ester and a 3-hydroxypropionic acid derivative at not below ?20° C. Further, this invention also provides a process for producing a 5-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoic acid which comprises treating a mixture of an acetic acid ester and a 3-hydroxypropionic acid derivative with a Grignard reagent to prepare a mixture of a compound and an acetic acid ester of the above formula (I), and permitting a lithium amide to act upon the mixture at a temperature not below ?20° C.