Abstract: A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes.

Abstract: A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes.

Abstract: Esterquats find major applications as fabric softeners. After Tallow fatty acids and Palm oil fatty acids, fatty acids from sustainable sources like Rice bran fatty acids (RBFA) are desired. RBFA is formed as a by-product during refining of Rice bran oil and hence it is contained in the non edible portion of the oil. The production of high quality esterquats from this by-product is challenging, but the invention describes a process to produce high quality esterquats having low odour and a low acid value. This enhances easy formulation of various products and better customer acceptance. Liquid esterquats produced from RBFA enable e.g. cold processing for fabric softener formulations.

Abstract: A system and method for renewable diesel synthesis utilizes a triglyceride feedstock derived from biological sources. The first step involves hydrolysis of the triglycerides into an intermediate feedstock comprising a mixture of free fatty acids and glycerol (separated from the FFA by decantation and then distilled). The FFA is then further processed in a distillation step to produce a stream free of catalyst poisons and utilized as feedstock for hydrotreatment in a renewable diesel production process. By converting the initial triglyceride feedstock to an FFA feedstock, the need to hydrotreat at typical high temperature that promote the decarboxylation reaction is obviated, thereby reducing the production of CO2, generating a significantly higher proportion of saturated, long chain C14, C16 or C18 hydrocarbons (as opposed to short-chain carbons such as propane), and the more valuable glycerol product is secured.

Abstract: A bio-organic composition includes residues of a fatty acid glyceride-containing composition, residues of a first epoxide or glycol, and the residues of a second epoxide. The fatty acid glyceride-containing composition is characterized by the viscosity at room temperature. The first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the room temperature viscosity of the bio-organic composition is lower than the room temperature viscosity of the vegetable oil prior to formulation and/or the first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the pour point of the bio-organic composition is lower than the pour point of the fatty acid glyceride-containing composition prior to formulation.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process to carry out an ester hydrolysis wherein the ester compound (c) is made from at least an alcohol (a) and a carboxylic acid (b), and wherein said alcohol (a) and said carboxylic acid (b) are forming a biphasic liquid system when mixed together; comprising at least a step of producing an ester compound (c)/water emulsion by using as stabilizing species amphiphilic solid particles of nanometric dimension and optionally a catalyst X.

Abstract: There is described a continuous process for the oxidative cleavage of vegetable oils containing triglycerides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, for the obtainment of saturated carboxylic acids, comprising the steps of: a) feeding to a first continuous reactor at least a vegetable oil, an oxidizing compound and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the olefinic double bond to obtain an intermediate compound containing vicinal diols, and of b) feeding to a second continuous reactor said intermediate compound, a compound containing oxygen and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the vicinal diols to carboxylic groups, to obtain saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) and triglycerides containing saturated carboxylic acids with more than one acid function (ii); c) separating the saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) from the triglycerides having more than one acid function (ii).

Abstract: An effective process for producing fatty acids catalyzed by double metal cyanide complex or a supported group VIb transition metal oxide, wherein the catalyst is stable and reusable.

Abstract: A method of obtaining a solid component rich in a petroselinic compound from the seed of a plant of the Apiaceae or Araliaceae families, the method comprising: (a) treating a portion of the seed of the plant with an extraction solvent; and (b) inducing formation of the solid component.

Abstract: A process of obtaining a saponin-rich component from a plant of the Araliaceae family, the process comprising the steps of: (a) treating a portion of the plant with an extraction solvent in which saponin-containing compounds are soluble; and (b) treating the portion of plant or the extract obtained therefrom to remove fatty acid residues from said portion of plant or extract thereof.

Abstract: An effective process for producing fatty acids catalyzed by double metal cyanide complex or a supported group VIb transition metal oxide, wherein the catalyst is stable and reusable.

Abstract: A method comprising contacting an alcohol, a feed comprising one or more glycerides and equal to or greater than 2 wt % of one or more free fatty acids, and a solid acid catalyst, a nanostructured polymer catalyst, or a sulfated zirconia catalyst in one or more reactors, and recovering from the one or more reactors an effluent comprising equal to or greater than about 75 wt % alkyl ester and equal to or less than about 5 wt % glyceride.

Abstract: A process for producing fatty acid by hydrolyzing oil and fat, which comprises: a first step of partially hydrolyzing oil and fat by either of the following method (a) or (b), and a second step of hydrolysis by the other method: (a) enzymatic hydrolysis using an immobilized enzyme which is an enzyme immobilized on a support and (b) high pressure and temperature hydrolysis. A method of efficiently producing fatty acid with a reduced content of trans-unsaturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acids and having a good appearance with reduced coloring by hydrolysis of oil and fat is provided.

Abstract: A triglyceride-to-fuel conversion process including the steps of (a) preconditioning unsaturated triglycerides by catalytic conjugation, cyclization, and cross-link steps; (b) contacting the modified triglycerides with hot-compressed water containing a catalyst, wherein cracking, hydrolysis, decarboxylation, dehydration, aromatization, or isomerization, or any combination thereof, of the modified triglycerides produce a crude hydrocarbon oil and an aqueous phase containing glycerol and lower molecular weight molecules, and (c) refining the crude hydrocarbon oil to produce various grades of biofuels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing an alcohol from fats and oils, including: step 1 of reacting starting fats and oils with water to produce a reaction product containing a glycerin unit, and step 2 of subjecting the reaction product obtained in step 1 to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a catalyst in the coexistence of water in an amount of 0.5 mole or more relative to 1 mole of the glycerin unit contained in the reaction product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of hydrolyzing glycerol fatty acid ester-containing composition, such as a fat and/or an oil, to produce fatty acids having a low proportion of trans-isomer fatty acids. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for the hydrolyzing the glycerol fatty acid ester-containing compositions under conditions resulting in a low proportion of trans-isomer fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid phase process for the direct hydrolysis of a fatty acid ester to the corresponding fatty acid and alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the fatty acid in the liquid phase is contacted with steam in the presence of a compound of a metal that is capable of forming a soap with a large hydration shell as a catalyst.

Abstract: Fish oil concentrates, having:.gtoreq.40% of long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids<20% of saturated fatty acids (C.sub.14 -C.sub.18)<15% oleic acid<12% C.sub.16:1 --fatty acidand with a weight-ratio:DHA=0.5-3.0EPAcan be obtained by a process involving the following stepssubjecting a fish oil to an enzymic conversionremoving free fatty acids or esters from conversion-productsubjecting product of above to enzymic hydrolysis, using 1.

Abstract: Fish oil concentrates, having:.ltoreq.40% of long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids<20% of saturated fatty acids (C.sub.14 -C.sub.18)<15% oleic acid<12% C.sub.16:1 -fatty acidand with a weight-ratio: ##EQU1## can be obtained by a process involving the following steps subjecting a fish oil to an enzymic conversionremoving free fatty acids or esters from conversion-productsubjecting product of above to enzymic hydrolysis, using specific lipase or partial glyceride-specific lipasewash and dry productre-esterify dried product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing sterols and phosphorous compounds from naturally occurring lipid mixtures. The process involves hydrolyzing a naturally occurring lipid mixture containing phospholipids, triglycerides, and sterols to form a two-phase product containing a fatty acid phase comprised of free fatty acids and sterols, and an aqueous phase comprised of water, glycerol, and glycerol phosphoric acid esters. The aqueous phase is separated from the fatty acid phase and the crude fatty acid phase is heated to convert the free sterols to fatty acid sterol esters. The free fatty acids are distilled from the fatty acid sterol esters to yield purified fatty acids which are free of cholesterol and other sterols, and phosphorous compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing an omega-functionalized aliphatic carboxylic acid starting from cyclohexanone and omega-functionalized .alpha.-olefins or acrylic esters. The process comprises an addition step, an oxidation step, an isomerization step, and one or more hydrogenation steps. The process allows to use raw materials that are available at low cost and to achieve high selectivity and high yield with industrially simple steps. The process includes the production of new intermediate products, including 2-oxepanone-7-substituted products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing fatty acids from alkyl, preferably methyl esters via acid hydrolysis by using ratios of water/ester/acid catalyst to form single phase reaction mixtures wherein the initial stoichiometric ratio of water to ester is at least about 1:1. These ratios are represented by the ternary phase diagram of FIG. 1 for a preferred C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 alkylbenzene sulfonic acid catalyst having mid-point attachment of the alkyl chain to the benzene ring.

Abstract: Nylon-11 monomer, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, is synthesized from 12-oxododecanoic acid oxime in a three-step reaction sequence which involves a Beckmann rearrangement, Hofmann degradation and hydrolysis. The aldoxime acid is hydrolyzed in the presence of nickel acetate tetrahydrate to give 11-carbamoylundecanoic acid. This amide is then treated with a solution of sodium methoxide and bromine at 70.degree.-80.degree. C. to give 11-(methoxycarbonylamino)undecanoic acid, which upon basic hydrolysis and subsequent neutralization, yields the 11-aminoundecanoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing fatty acids from alkyl, preferably methyl esters comprising mixing the fatty acid ester with water, acid catalyst, and DMSO in order to form a single phase reaction mixture. The single phase reaction mixture is then heated to a temperature of from about 70.degree. C. to about 130.degree. C. to hydrolyze the fatty acid ester into the corresponding acid and volatile alcohol and removing the volatile alcohol. The acid catalyst is heat and water stable and the reaction mixture is essentially free of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 carboxylic acids. The initial stoichiometric ratio of the water to the ester is at least about 1:1.

Abstract: An alkylene oxide is reacted in a loop reactor with an organic compound having a reactive hydrogen atom, a gas circulation and a liquid circulation around the reactor being provided and being coupled with one another via an ejector mixing nozzle. To ensure completeness of the reaction and suppression of the formation of by-products such as dioxane, it is essential to reduce the temperature of the entire alkylene oxide gas phase to a temperature below that of the liquid phase, and this is effected by feeding and evaporating liquid alkylene oxide and by cooling of the gas phase on the unit walls.

Abstract: Process for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of fatty acid glycerides, wherein the process is carried out continuously with the glyceride and the water being moved countercurrent to each other, and apparatus therefor.