Abstract: Methods of refining palm oil in order to produce a refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil with reduced level of 3-monochloropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) ester are disclosed. The methods may include premixing a palm oil with an acid to chelate metals and form a reaction mixture, and subjecting the reaction mixture to hydrodynamic cavitation mixing for less than 1 second.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fatty acid mixture enriched with palmitoleic acid and palmitoleic acid derivatives relative to the starting lipid mixture; fractionations procedure describe herein are winterization methods. The invention provides methods of dry winterization and solvent-aided winterization alone and in combination. In some embodiments, the palmitoleic acid and palmitoleic acid derivative enriched mixture described herein contains less than 1% of palmitic acid and palmitic acid derivative. The invention also provides palmitoleic derivatives of use as dietary supplements.

Abstract: Processes and system for producing biofuels and coproducts are described herein. The processes include pretreating a feedstock comprising fatty acid glycerides and free fatty acids to remove contaminants, contacting the feedstock with alcohols and a solid acidic catalyst to produce a biofuel comprising fatty acid alkyl esters, and purifying the biofuel and coproducts from the resulting reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons wherein a feed is hydrotreated in a hydrotreating step and isomerised in an isomerisation step, and a feed comprising fresh feed containing more than 5 wt % of free fatty acids and at least one diluting agent is hydrotreated at a reaction temperature of 200-400° C., in a hydrotreating reactor in the presence of catalyst, and the ratio of the diluting agent/fresh feed is 5-30:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for gently eliminating odorous substances and coloring agents from lipid phases. Said method is easy and inexpensive to carry out and and can be employed for purifying lipid phases of various origins.

Abstract: Methods for refining crude tobacco seed oils and the refined tobacco seed oils produced by such methods are provided herein. In particular, methods for reducing the amount of free fatty acids in the crude oil, for modifying the color of the crude oil, and for reducing any undesirable taste/odor associated with the crude oil are provided. The present invention further relates to the incorporation and use of such refined oil within various products.

Abstract: A multi-stage homogenization method for degumming triglyceride oil is used to increase oil yield and reduce impurities. Two high-pressure homogenizers are used in series. The homogenizers have multiple flow constrictions to finely disperse reagents in the oil while simultaneously suppressing cavitation in the fluid. A separation step can be used to remove the phosphatides and other impurities from the treated oil to form a purified oil product.

Abstract: A multi-stage homogenization method for degumming triglyceride oil is used to increase oil yield and reduce impurities. Two high-pressure homogenizers are used in series. The homogenizers have multiple flow constrictions to finely disperse reagents in the oil while simultaneously suppressing cavitation in the fluid. A separation step can be used to remove the phosphatides and other impurities from the treated oil to form a purified oil product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing phosphorus-containing compounds from triglyceride-containing compositions.

Abstract: A method for degumming and/or refining crude oil containing impurities involving mixing the crude oil with degumming agents, i.e., water or acid, and subjecting the mixture to flow-through, hydrodynamic cavitation processing. The cavitational processing transfers impurities in the crude oil to a water phase for easier separation. The water phase may be separated from the oil phase by commonly available separation methods.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for metathesizing a feedstock. In one aspect, a method includes providing a feedstock comprising a natural oil, chemically treating the feedstock under conditions sufficient to diminish catalyst poisons in the feedstock, and, following the treating, combining a metathesis catalyst with the feedstock under conditions sufficient to metathesize the feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing phosphorus-containing compounds from triglyceride-containing compositions.

Abstract: A method of producing a refined, bleached and deodorised vegetable oil comprises degumming a vegetable oil, bleaching the degummed oil and deodorising the bleached oil, wherein the degumming, bleaching and deodorising conditions are selected to reduce the content of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and esters thereof in the deodorised oil to less than 8 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for cooling fatty acid distillate from scrubbing section in a fats and oils refinery comprising cooling the fatty acid distillate by heat recovery in at least one heat-exchanging zone with refined oils having a temperature above about 50° C. heating the refined fats and oils to a temperature above about 70° C. The present invention relates further to a process for refining crude fats and oils, and refining plant for refining crude fats and oils.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the reduction of residual peroxides in vegetable oils, preferably epoxidized vegetable oils using a phosphorous compound preferably alkyl/aryl substituted phosphite compounds or hypophosphorous acid and its derivatives.

Abstract: A system and method of degumming a plant derived oil comprising mixing a feed stream under ultrahigh shear conditions to provide a mixed stream, passing the mixed stream through a retention tank, and separating the mixed stream into an aqueous stream and an oil stream is disclosed. The feed stream comprises water, optional added acid(s), and triglyceride oil, such as a plant derived oil, having a relatively high phosphorous content and may also include metal impurities such as calcium, magnesium and/or iron ions. The process can provide a triglyceride oil stream with a phosphorous content of no more than about 10 to 20 ppm and no more than about 0.5 wt. % free fatty acids. In many instances, the triglyceride oil stream has phosphorous content which is no more than about 3% of the phosphorous content of the feed stream. The process also provides a wet gum stream, which may have an AI of 75 or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the reduction of residual peroxides in vegetable oils, preferably epoxidized vegetable oils using a phosphorous compound preferably alkyl/aryl substituted phosphite compounds or hypophosphorous acid and its derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for refining vegetable oils. Vegetable oil is combined with organic acid and subjected to high shear to finely disperse the acid solution in the oil. The resulting acid-and-oil mixture is mixed at low shear for a time sufficient to sequester contaminants into a hydrated impurities phase, producing a purified vegetable oil phase.

Abstract: Processed linseed oil essentially consisting of linolenic, linolic and oleic acids, mainly in the form of triglycerides, its content of free tocoferol being less than about 100 ppm; and a process for the manufacture of linseed oil comprising the following steps: a) heating crude linseed oil to an increased temperature lower than the boiling point of water, b) adding a heated inorganic acid to the oil and mixing the oil, c) separation of precipitated materials, d) adding a heated aqueous solution of alkali to the oil and mixing the oil, e) discharge of the soap formed, and f) rinsing the oil with hot water until a clear rinsing water is obtained.

Abstract: A single-step acid degumming/decolorizing process removes chlorophyll-type compounds from vegetable oils from seeds, especially frost damaged seeds which have large amounts of chlorophyll-type compounds. A mixture of aqueous sulfuric and phosphoric acids is blended with the oil to remove chlorophyll-type compounds from the oil. The purified oil has less than about 5 ppm chlorophyll-type compounds, less than about 50 ppm phosphorus and less than about 1.0 weight percent free fatty acids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reducing the sterol, for example cholesterol, content of sterol-containing substances such as fats and oils. The method provides an efficient and cost effective process based on the affinity of cholesterol and other sterols for amphipathic molecules that form hydrophobic, fluid bilayers, such as phospholipid bilayers. Aggregates of amphipathic molecules are contacted with, for example, a sterol-containing fat or oil in an aqueous environment and then mixed. Following adequate mixing, the sterol-reduced fat or oil is separated from the aqueous separation mixture. Alternatively, the correspondingly sterol-enriched fraction also may be isolated from the aqueous separation mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cost-effective method for purifying and acidifying carboxylic acids, including organic acids and amino acids. The method involves removing impurities by allowing the anionic form of the carboxylic acid to bind to an anion exchange column and washing the column. The carboxylic anion is displaced as carboxylic acid by washing the resin with a strong inorganic anion. This method is effective in removing organic carboxylic acids and amino acids from a variety of industrial sources, including fermentation broths, hydrolysates, and waste streams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for refining vegetable oils and byproducts thereof. This invention also relates to an improved process for deodorizing lecithin. The invention additionally relates to deodorized lecithin and deodorized vegetable oil obtained by improved processes of the invention. In an organic acid refining process, vegetable oil is combined with a dilute aqueous organic acid solution and subjected to high shear to finely disperse the acid solution in the oil. The resulting acid-and-oil mixture is mixed at low shear for a time sufficient to sequester contaminants into a hydrated impurities phase, producing a purified vegetable oil phase. In a lecithin deodorizing process, a phosphatide concentrate is contacted with steam in a dryer operating at a pressure below 50 mm Hg and at a temperature of less than about 150° F. to form lecithin containing no more than about 0.5 percent by weight water.

Abstract: Process for degumming a fatty substance such as a crude or delecithinated, animal or vegetable oil or fat, including bringing this fatty substance into contact with an aqueous solution of a complexing agent and of a detergent and/or emulsifier making it possible to hydrate the phospholipids present in the latter, and fatty substance thus obtained.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a tenside mixture, wherein a starting mixture containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfonic acid is treated with a concentrated sulfuric acid solution in an amount in excess of the amount needed for converting the salts to organic acids with stirring and cooling such that the temperature of the mixture does not exceed about 35.degree. C., the reaction mixture being allowed to separate into two layers, one layer containing the organic acids, wherein the one layer containing the organic acids is separated and neutralized with di- or triethanolamine in order to prepare di- or triethanolamine salts of the said acids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reducing the sterol, for example cholesterol, content of sterol-containing substances such as fats and oils. The method provides an efficient and cost effective process based on the affinity of cholesterol and other sterols for phospholipid bilayers. Phospholipid aggregates are contacted with, for example, a sterol-containing fat or oil in an aqueous environment and then mixed. Following adequate mixing, the sterol-reduced fat or oil is separated from the aqueous separation mixture. Alternatively, the correspondingly sterol-enriched phospholipid also may be isolated from the aqueous separation mixture.

Abstract: Fatty alcohol containing admixed therewith a small amount on the order of up to 1.0 wt. % of hypophosphorous acid, exhibits markedly reduced oxidation and oxidation-related deterioration such as discoloration and other side effects. This discovery is particularly useful when the fatty alcohol is subjected to reactions such as esterification under conditions which could cause or accelerate undesired oxidation.

Abstract: The invention provides a process comprising treating a lanolin fatty acid with boric acid to convert hydroxy fatty acids therein to boric acid esters, subjecting the reaction mixture to vacuum distillation to fractionate the boric acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids from non-hydroxy fatty acids, hydrolyzing the boric acid esters, and subjecting the hydrolysate to vacuum distillation to provide .alpha.-hydroxy fatty acids and .omega.-hydroxy fatty acids, the resultant respective lanolin fatty acids and esters, and cosmetic products and drug products for external use containing them.According to the invention, pale-colored, substantially odor-free lanolin fatty acids can be obtained easily and with high efficiency and these compounds can be effectively utilized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic field.

Abstract: The invention improves on the amorphous adsorbent-based processes by overcoming the soap leaching problem without using filtration before vacuum bleaching. For fatty materials containing only minor amounts of phospholipid and trace metal impurities, simply vacuum drying at least a portion of the soap-containing fatty material prior to contacting with the amorphous adsorbent eliminates the soap leaching problem. For fatty materials containing higher amounts of phospholipid and trace metals, simply using an acid pretreatment and the vacuum drying step eliminate the soap leaching problem.

Abstract: Light-colored ester sulfonates can be obtained by sulfonation of fatty acid lower alkyl esters and subsequent working up providing fatty acid esters having a low content of oxo compounds and unsaturated compounds are used in the sulfonation stage.

Abstract: A process for removing chlorophyll color impurities from vegetable oils, the process comprises:i) dispersing a source of phosphoric acid in vegetable oil to form a mixture having a moisture content of less than 0.1% by weight which mixture is maintained at a temperature in the range of 70.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. until a precipitate containing chlorophyll color impurities is formed; andii) at any time thereafter during conventional oil processing up to and including the removal of bleaching clay from the oil, separating the precipitated material from the oil to remove the chlorophyll color impurities with the precipitated material.

Abstract: A vegetable oil process and assembly is disclosed for extracting oil from an oil bearing material such as soybean, corn and the like. The process comprises adding at least one reagent to the oil bearing material to form a slurry mixture. The slurry is heated at a preselected temperature for a preselected period of time preferably under a partial vacuum. This processing reduces the phospholipid and trace metal content in the oil extracted from the oil heating material. The oil product produced is light in color, shows no turbidity and exhibits minimal amount of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and iron. The oil is ready for physical refining.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for refining soap-containing crude polyol fatty-acid polyester reaction product, comprising the step of contacting the crude reaction product with an aqueous acid solution to substantially convert the soap into its corresponding free fatty acids, the subsequent step of drying said crude reaction product to substantially remove any free-water therein, and the step of substantially removing from the dried crude reaction product any salts therein.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for stereoselectively preparing a syn-dihydroxylated compound comprising reacting a 3-hydroxyket-1-one and a sterically hindered dialkylated borane to form a complex at about -50.degree. C. to about 0.degree. C., and reducing the complex with hydride at about -25.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extractive separation method in which a solute contained in a medium can be efficiently extracted and separated with a lower consumption of energy under the remarkably gentle operating conditions. This method consists in that a medium containing a solute consisting of organic substances is brought into contact with a solvent consisting of organic substances or inorganic substances, which have the critical temperature of 5.degree. to 152.degree. C.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of higher alkyl acrylic acid esters which comprises reacting one or more C.sub.10+ olefins with one or more alkyl acrylic acid esters in the presence of a halogen containing catalyst, the invention is the improvement which comprises contacting the reaction product mixture with an aqueous acid solution to extract catalyst residues therefrom and distilling the extracted product mixture to remove unreacted olefin.

Abstract: The separation of free fatty acids from triglycerides and/or diglycerides is performed by an adsorptive chromatographic process in liquid phase with a crystalline aluminophosphate, e.g., AIPO.sub.4 -5, AIPO.sub.4 -11 or AIPO.sub.4 -54, as the adsorbent. A ketone, having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, such as 2-heptanone, or a mixture thereof, alone or admixed with a normal alkane can be selected as the desorbent.