Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying polyunsaturated fatty acid using a continuous reactor, and the method comprises: (a) complexing step, (b) cleaning step, (c) extracting step, and (d) concentrating and drying step. The method of the present invention reacts a polyunsaturated fatty acid and a silver salt aqueous solution in a continuous reactor to form a complex of the polyunsaturated fatty acid and silver, and then cleans the complex with a first organic solvent to improve the purity of the complex; afterwards, a second organic solvent is used to extract the purified polyunsaturated fatty acid. The method of the present invention can continuously produce polyunsaturated fatty acids with high yield and high purity.

Abstract: A production method of highly unsaturated fatty acids with a high purity/high yield that compensates for shortcomings of conventional techniques is provided. A purification method of highly unsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof comprising (a) contacting and stirring first raw materials comprising the substances with a first silver salt aqueous solution to collect a first oil layer and a first aqueous layer; (b) separating the first aqueous layer into a second silver salt aqueous solution and the substances; and (c) contacting and stirring the first oil layer with the second silver salt aqueous solution for separation into an oil layer and an aqueous layer to obtain a second aqueous layer comprising the substances.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product from a feed mixture, which comprises: (a) purifying the feed mixture in a first chromatographic separation step using an eluent a mixture of water and a first organic solvent, to obtain an intermediate product; and (b) purifying the intermediate product in a second chromatographic separation step using as eluent a mixture of water and a second organic solvent, to obtain the PUFA product, wherein the second organic solvent is different from the first organic solvent and has a polarity index which differs from the polarity index of the first organic solvent by between 0.1 and 2.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to processes for concentrating omega-3 fatty acids from a fatty acid oil mixture with an aqueous silver salt, such as an aqueous AgNO3 solution.

Abstract: A method is provided for extraction of chemical compounds from an organism having a cell wall that includes adding nanomaterials, which may be at least one of metallic nanofibers, silica nanofibers, carbon nanofibers and metal doped silica and carbon nanofibers, wherein the nanofibers are generally doped with silver but may also include non-metallic nanofibers doped with metals other than silver, to the organism.

Abstract: A method for treating a substrate prior to a metathesis reaction includes treating the substrate with a first agent configured to mitigate potentially adverse effects of one or more contaminants in the substrate on a catalyst used to catalyze the metathesis reaction. The treating reduces a level of the one or more contaminants by an amount sufficient to enable the metathesis reaction to proceed at a substrate-to-catalyst molar ratio of at least about 7,500 to 1. Methods for metathesizing substrates are described.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for metathesizing a feedstock. In one aspect, a method includes providing a feedstock including a natural oil, chemically treating the feedstock under conditions sufficient to diminish catalyst poisons in the feedstock, and, following the treating, combining a metathesis catalyst with the feedstock under conditions sufficient to metathesize the feedstock.

Abstract: A method of obtaining a polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative comprises contacting a mixture of fatty acid derivatives with a silver salt aqueous solution, and adjusting the free fatty acid content in the silver salt aqueous solution to 0.2 meq or less per gram of silver when repeatedly using the silver salt aqueous solution. A polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative having high purity and excellent quality can thus be economically obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to processes for concentrating omega-3 fatty acids from a fatty acid oil mixture with an aqueous silver salt, such as an aqueous AgNO3 solution.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing compositions enriched in compounds containing carbon chains of varying degrees of unsaturation using argentation chromatography. The present method utilizes an argentized cationic resin or a conditioned argentized alumina to separate compounds containing saturated or mono-unsaturated carbon chains from compounds having polyunsaturated carbon chains present in a starting composition. The invention is particularly useful for preparing a composition enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid alkyl esters from mixtures of fatty acid esters in a starting composition derived from vegetable oils. The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing a conditioned argentized alumina adsorbent having increased selectivity for compounds containing one or more polyunsaturated carbon chains.

Abstract: Method for improving the performance of a preparative batchwise Super Critical Fluid Chromatographic separation for the recovery of a target fatty acid or derivative thereof, or of a group of target fatty acids or of derivatives thereof from a mixture, characterized in that the said Super Critical Fluid Chromatographic separation employs a chromatographic column charged with a stationary phase chosen from the group consisting of aluminium oxide or aluminium oxides, titanium oxide or titanium oxides, silica gel or silica gels, amino propyl modified silica gels, diol modified silica gels, phenyl modified silica gels and “reversed phase” phases, the former in turn chosen from the group consisting of RP18, RP8 and RP3, and in that the said Super Critical Fluid Chromatographic Separation further employs a mobile phase chosen from the group consisting of ethylene, propane, ammonia, dinitrogen dioxide and CO2, wherein in the said method, during the run of the said mixture on the chromatographic column, a pressure an

Abstract: A method of obtaining a polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative comprises contacting a mixture of fatty acid derivatives with a silver salt aqueous solution, and adjusting the free fatty acid content in the silver salt aqueous solution to 0.2 meq or less per gram of silver when repeatedly using the silver salt aqueous solution. A polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative having high purity and excellent quality can thus be economically obtained.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing compositions enriched in compounds containing carbon chains of varying degrees of unsaturation using argentation chromatography. The present method utilizes an argentized cationic resin or a conditioned argentized alumina to separate compounds containing saturated or mono-unsaturated carbon chains from compounds having polyunsaturated carbon chains present in a starting composition. The invention is particularly useful for preparing a composition enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid alkyl esters from mixtures of fatty acid esters in a starting composition derived from vegetable oils. The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing a conditioned argentized alumina adsorbent having increased selectivity for compounds containing one or more polyunsaturated carbon chains.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crosslinking composition comprising a compound having the structure of Formula I: where Z is a hydrogen, an alkyl of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, an aryl of about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms, an aralkyl of about 7 to about 24 carbon atoms, or —NR2R2; each R2 is independently hydrogen, an alkyl, aryl or an aralkyl of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms or R3; where R3 is —CHROR1 or where R is alkyl, halogenated alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, halogenated aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl or an alkaryl having from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms; R1 is a hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl or an alkaryl having from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms; and where the alkyl or aryl groups in each radical may optionally have heteroatoms in their structure; B is a residue of a poly(alkylaldehyde) with n aldehyde groups; n is an integer of 2 to about 4; and A is an amino moiety derived from the group consisting of guanamine and melamine.

Abstract: A method for preparing non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains was disclosed. The method has the step of reacting a silver ion-containing solution, the solvent of which being water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, with a solution of a fatty acid alkali metal salt, the solvent of which being water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, to obtain fatty acid silver salt grains; in which the reaction is proceeded by mixing the silver ion-containing solution and the solution of the fatty acid alkali metal salt within a closed mixing means. The dispersion of the non-photosensitive fatty acid silver salt grains prepared according to such method is excellent in dispersion stability and coating property.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a cation-exchanged clay mineral comprising a swelling clay mineral with the cations between layers substantially replaced by low-valence metal amine complexes and/or low-valence metal ammine complexes, and a packing material for chromatography using the same. Use of the packing material provides a sharp peak with respect to a highly unsaturated compound. Since the packing material is unlikely to be influenced by a solvent, it is usable for a long time with good stability.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of unsaturated fatty acids with at least 16 carbon atoms in the molecule or a derivative of such a fatty acid from a mixture of fatty acids and/or fatty acid derivatives by column chromatography with supercritical or liquid carbon dioxide as the mobile phase comprises using aluminum oxide, optionally pretreated with alkali, as the stationary phase. The pre-treatment of the aluminum oxide is conveniently effected by contacting the particulate aluminum oxide with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, optionally supplemented with a water-miscible or water-soluble organic solvent, in the pH range of about 10 to about 13 over several hours. The unsaturated fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives produced chromatographically in this manner are suitable as valuable active agents in the fields of nutrition and medicine.

Abstract: A formed nickel catalyst useful in fixed bed hydrogenation of fatty materials is described. The catalyst comprises from about 10% to about 50% by weight of nickel and from about 3% to about 30% by weight of at least one clay mineral binder. The catalyst may also contain from about 20% to about 60% by weight of silica and from about 1% to about 10% by weight of alumina. A process also is described for preparing such formed nickel catalyst. The use of such nickel catalyst in the hydrogenation of fatty materials such as fatty acids and esters also is described.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of metallic salts of fatty acids comprising the steps of: (a) reacting alkali hydroxide with a fatty acid in a saponification reaction to form an alkali soap; (b) reacting the alkali soap with an aqueous metallic salt solution in a double decomposition reaction to cause the production of metallic fatty acid salt; (c) performing at least one cycle of an alternating alkalinization-acidization reaction by adding an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution to the metallic fatty acid salt to raise the solution pH, followed by adding an acidic aqueous salt solution contain the same metal ions to lower the solution pH. High purity metallic salts of fatty acids can be obtained without a solvent washing step and the metallic fatty acid salts prepared from this invention can be effectively used as photolyzing agent to initiate and/or accelerate the photo-degradation of plastics.

Abstract: A chromatographic process for deacidification of vegetable oils at ambient temperature. According to the process, which can be retrofitted into deacidification operations using miscella refining or solvent extraction, crude vegetable oil is dissolved in a solvent such as isopropyl alcohol and passed through a column of activated alumina (aluminum oxide) at room temperature. The process, which eliminates physical contact between both oil and an alkaline reagent and oil and water, simplifies subsequent bleaching processes by also removing some color pigments. The spent alumina can be reactivated by washing it with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: The treatment of cooking oil with a combination of alumina and amorphous silica is disclosed. This combination, preferably with a silica hydrogel and a hydrated alumina, reduces all contaminants known to degrade the oil without introducing metals or increasing undesirable soaps.

Abstract: A process for producing desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters is disclosed, which comprises treating fats and oils or fatty acid esters under hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and an inert gas atmosphere at a pressure of from 0.1 to 500 kg/cm.sup.2 in the absolute pressure at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 350.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst of the following formula (I):Cu.multidot.X.sub.x .multidot.Y.sub.y .multidot.O.sub.z (I)wherein all symbols are defined in the disclosure. A process for producing an alcohols using desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters is also disclosed. According to the process for producing an alcohol of the present invention, an alcohol of a high purity and good qualities can efficiently and effectively be produced.

Abstract: [Object] A fatty acid-related polyunsaturated compound can be selectively purified using an industrially operable successive method under moderate conditions. [Content] A highly purified fatty acid-related polyunsaturated compound is obtained by a process comprising steps of forming a complex with silver on account of the high degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid-related polyunsaturated compound, isolating the complex from other fats on account of the hydrophilicity of the complex and then applying dissociating procedures to the complex to obtain the fatty acid-related polyunsaturated compound as a target substance on account of the hydrophobicity of the fatty acid-related polyunsaturated compound. As to the procedures for dissociation, addition of a dissociating agent and reduction of silver are disclosed. As to the dissociating agent, various compounds which produce insoluble composition with silver other then water are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing alcohols comprising catalytically reducing fats and oils or fatty acid esters with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst for ester reduction is disclosed, wherein the starting oils are first treated at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. in hydrogen gas or a mixed gas of hydrogen and an inert gas in the presence of a nickel catalyst to yield a sulfur content at not more than 0.6 ppm an acid value (KOH mg/g) of not more than 2. By use of the thus purified starting oils, the catalyst for ester reduction exhibits a prolonged duration.