Abstract: Castor oil was hydrolysed to castor fatty acids and self condensed to get a ricinoleic acid-based estolide of about acid value. The carboxylic group of the estolide on subsequent esterification with linear or branched chain alcohols and also on acetylation of free hydroxy group yielded castor oil fatty acids based estolide esters and their acetates. All the products were evaluated for total acid number (TAN), viscosity, viscosity index, pour point, flash point, and copper strip corrosion and found to be potential lubricant basestocks.

Abstract: A preparation having at least one unsaturated fatty acid and the use of at least one unsaturated fatty acid having a chain length of 18 or 20 carbon atoms and of plant drugs containing the unsaturated fatty acid as a free fatty acid or a fatty acid radical of a triglyceride. The fatty acid has a chain length of 18 carbon atoms which are provided with 1 to 3 double bonds and the fatty acid has a chain length of 20 carbon atoms which are provided with 1 to 4 double bonds. The double bond or one of the double bonds are located in position 9 or 11 of the carbon chain. The unsaturated fatty acid is supplied in the all-cis configuration. The at least one unsaturated fatty acid prevents and/or treats or is used for producing a preparation for preventing and/or treating thrombosis and thromboembolic diseases.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds useful as intermediates in the synthesis of lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formulas (I) and (II): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are described herein. These analogs are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune disorders in humans. These analogs are also useful in treating pulmonary or respiratory tract inflammation in humans.

Abstract: A non-water soluble polymeric surfactant is prepared by reacting a polymerized/bodied unsaturated oil with maleic anhydride followed by a further partial or complete reaction with an amine to form an amide; or an alcohol to form an ester.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel oxylipins, referred to herein as docosanoids, that are derived from C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and method of making and using such oxylipins. Also disclosed is the use of docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-6) (DPAn-6), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-3) (DPAn-3), and docosatetraenoic acid (DTAn-6: C22:4n-6) as substrates for the production of novel oxylipins, and to the oxylipins produced thereby. Also disclosed is the use of DPAn-6, DPAn-3, DTAn-6, and/or the oxylipins derived therefrom, and/or novel docosanoids derived from the structures of C22 fatty acids, in therapeutic and nutritional or cosmetic applications, and particularly as anti-inflammatory or anti-neurodegenerative compounds. The invention also relates to novel ways of producing long chain polyunsaturated acid (LCPUFA)-rich oils and compositions that contain enhanced and effective amounts of LCPUFA-derived oxylipins, and particularly, docosanoids.

Abstract: Natural oil based halogenated compounds that are useful as flame retardants for polymeric materials, such as polyurethanes. Novel compositions of matter, novel processes for preparing such compositions of matter, and end use applications of the novel compositions of matter. The process comprises the reaction of natural oil hydroxylates with halogenated reactive materials such as halogenated anhydrides of organic acids or their esters in the presence of a titanium catalyst.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) for use in the treatment of a disease of the immune system; wherein R is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms; R1 is an optionally-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of R2, Wand R4 is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, arylalkylene or alkylarylene moiety having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; each of X, Y and Z is independently selected from an optionally-substituted alkylene, alkenylene, alkenylene, arylene, alkylarylene, cycloalkylene, ketone, ester, amide, imide, imine, thioether, ether, thioester and thioketone; and P is selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group, a sugar residue, or a metal, phosphonium or ammonium species; wherein at least one of X, Y and Z includes a moiety selected from cyclopropyl, C=A, C-AH and C-OR5; wherein R5 is alkyl or haloalkyl, and A is O, S

Abstract: A compound of the formula CH3(CH2)n—RA—(CH2)m-(CH?CH)q—(CH2)p—X wherein RA=(a); q=0 or 1; m and p are independently selected integers of at least 1; n=0 or an integer of at least 1; X is a polar group selected from —CO2RS, where Rs?H, Na, K, —NHRI, —NRIRII or RIII; —CH3OH; —CH3NH2; —CH3NHRI; or —CH3NRIRII; wherein RI, RII and RIII are independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl or an aryl group, preferably a hydrophilically substituted C1-C6 alkyl or aryl group, or RIII is an esterified glycol; and wherein 20>m+n+p+2q?2; is useful for the treatment of ringworm infection caused by Trichophyton tonsurans.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel oxylipins that are derived from ?-linolenic acid (GLA; 18:3n-6) and stearidonic acid (STA or SDA; 18:4n-3), and methods of making and using such oxylipins. Also disclosed is the use of such oxylipins in therapeutic and nutritional or cosmetic applications, and particularly as anti-inflammatory or anti-neurodegenerative compounds. Also disclosed are The invention novel ways of producing long chain polyunsaturated acid (LCPUFA)-rich oils and compositions that contain enhanced and effective amounts of SDA- and/or GLA-derived oxylipins.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds of the general formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are chosen from a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an acyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkylthio group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylsulfinyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an amino group, and an alkylamino group; or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, complex, or pro-drug thereof; and their use as medicaments for the treatment of various diseases and conditions, for example, reduction of elevated triglyceride levels, i.e., hypertriglyceridemia, reduction of non-HDL cholesterol, reduction of glucose and HbA1c, and improvement of insulin resistance. The present disclosure also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising compounds of formula (I), as well as to processes for preparing compounds according to formula (I).

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds useful as intermediates in the synthesis of lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formulas (I) and (II): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are described herein. These analogs are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune disorders in humans. These analogs are also useful in treating pulmonary or respiratory tract inflammation in humans.

Abstract: This invention relates to plant fatty acyl hydroxylases. Methods to use conserved amino acid or nucleotide sequences to obtain plant fatty acyl hydroxylases are described. Also described is the use of cDNA clones encoding a plant hydroxylase to produce a family of hydroxylated fatty acids in transgenic plants. In addition, the use of genes encoding fatty acid hydroxylases or desaturases to alter the level of lipid fatty acid unsaturation in transgenic plants is described.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the preparation of a new class of lipid mediators known as resolvins, with Resolvin D6 (4,17-dihydroxy-5E,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) being exemplary. Also disclosed are methods for the efficient synthesis of key intermediates in the preparation of such resolvins, such as isotopically labeled ?-3 fatty acid metabolites, and derivatives and analogs thereof. The invention likewise extends to the intermediates so prepared, and to the resolvins prepared with their use.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: The invention relates to new diols and polyols which are hydroxypropyl esters of hydroxycarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids. The new diols and polyols are useful as monomer compounds and reactive solvents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of new polyols and polyesters from a natural oil or other unsaturated fatty acid esters is described. The process involves ozone cleavage of double bonds in the fatty acid chains of the oils along with coupling of a hydroxylated compound such as a mono-alcohol, a diol, or a polyol to the cleaved ends of the molecules resulting from the cleavage with a base. The resulting polyols and polyesters are as intermediates for polymers.

Abstract: [Problems] Among cleansing cosmetics for the purpose of removing makeup, the aqueous type cleansing cosmetics containing no oil at all or a small amount of oil have had a disadvantage that remover capability is weak even though they give reduced oily feel after cleansing. The liquid oil-based makeup remover has a low viscosity so that there has been a disadvantage in usefulness that the liquid oil-based makeup remover drips off upon taking on hand. An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for cosmetics which is excellent in usefulness, has excellent affinity to makeup soil, quickly suspends soil, and is excellent in stability and rinsability.

Abstract: Leukotriene B4, 5S,12R-dihydroxy-6,8,10,14(Z,E,E,Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid, is a twenty carbon tetra-unsaturated fatty acid. No crystal forms of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) are known in the art. The present inventors have discovered a crystal form of LTB4 and the present invention therefore relates to crystal forms of LTB4 in general, and the novel crystal form A of LTB4 in particular.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds that are analogues of lipid mediators derived from a fish oil-derived fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid [C20:5 ?-3; EPA], but with a longer tissue half-life and enhanced bioactivity. These analogues may be used to treat inflammatory, angioproliferative, cardiovascular, thrombophlebotic, vascular, ocular, dermatologic, neurodegenerative, pulmonary, endocrine, reproductive, rheumatologic and gastrointestinal diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to unsaturated fatty hydroxy acid derivatives of formula (I), wherein Rn is independent from each other H or linear or branched alkyl group which contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and which are possibly substituted by a halogen atom, in particular a fluorine atom, R1 is H, F, Cl, Br or CF3, R is H or linear or branched alkyl group which contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and which are possibly substituted by a halogen atom, in particular a fluorine atom and 3=n=14. Said derivatives is suitable for producing an anti-radical, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic dermocosmetologic composition and/or for treating keratinisation and pigmentation troubles and/or for improving healing.

Abstract: Natural oil based halogenated compounds that are useful as flame retardants for polymeric materials, such as polyurethanes. Novel compositions of matter, novel processes for preparing such compositions of matter, and end use applications of the novel compositions of matter. The process comprises the reaction of natural oil hydroxylates with halogenated reactive materials such as halogenated anhydrides of organic acids or their esters in the presence of a titanium catalyst.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: The invention relates to acrylate modified, natural fatty acid based hybride polymers, and to a method for their preparation. The invention also relates to the use of the modified natural fatty acid based hybride polymers as binding agents especially in water based coatings, adhesives and composites and as environmentally friendly wood impregnating agents. The acrylate-modified natural fatty acid based hybride polymer is a block polymer formed of acrylate segments and fatty acid segments.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: A process for enzymatic production of glyceride compositions, specifically industrially practicable production of triglycerides, including conjugated linoleic and linolenic acid triglycerides, and the compositions produced by such process. An enzymatic reaction zone is first utilized, in which a mixture of glycerol and fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives is reacted in the presence of an enzymatic catalyst to form 1,3 diglycerides. The mixture is then circulated through a second thermal rearrangement zone, maintained at a higher temperature, to promote rearrangement of the 1,3 diglycerides to 1,2 diglycerides. Triglycerides are produced by re-circulating the mixture through the enzymatic production zone.

Abstract: New non-ionic surfactants in the form of polyoxyalkylene glycol hydroxy fatty acid derivatives or monoalkylated polyoxyalkylene glycol hydroxy fatty acid derivatives having a polyoxyalkylene/alkyl polyoxyalkylene chain with a chain-length of 25-455 repeating units and a specified substituent on the hydroxy position of the specified hydroxy fatty acid, according to the general formula (I) CH3—(CH2)x—CH—(CH2)y—CO—[—O—R3—]z—O—R1 R2—O (I); wherein for example R1 is methyl, R2 is optionally substituted C14-C22 acyl, alkyl, or alkenyl, R3 is ethylene, x is 2-12, y is 7-17, (x+y) is 3-19 and z is 25-57; advantageously prepared by involving an enzymatic process, formulations comprising them, their use as solubilizers and a process involving a hydrolytic enzyme for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for making a class of molecules synthesized from unsaturated plant oils, and the synthesized class of molecules, such that when compounded with saturated plant oils they improve the physical properties such as low temperature behavior, measured as cold filter plug point and cloud point for biodiesel fuels and pour point for oils and lubricants, as well as other physical properties including viscosity and viscosity index, so that the physical properties of the combined materials approach the physical properties of unsaturated plant oils and find use as base material feed stocks for “Green” fuel, oil, and lubricant products.

Abstract: An emulsion stabilizer is disclosed having a water tolerance value of between more than about 1.0 and equal or less than about 11.0.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds that are analogues of lipid mediators derived from a fish oil-derived fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid [C20:5 ?-3; EPA], but with a longer tissue half-life and enhanced bioactivity. These analogues may be used to treat inflammatory, angioproliferative, cardiovascular, thrombophlebotic, vascular, ocular, dermatologic, neurodegenerative, pulmonary, endocrine, reproductive, rheumatologic and gastrointestinal diseases.

Abstract: Compounds having the active site of natural lipoxins, but a longer tissue half-life are disclosed. In particular, 15-epi-lipoxins and their use in ameliorating undesired cell proliferation, which characterizes diseases such as cancer, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: The present invention includes 16-HETE analogs which are agonists and antagonists of 16-HETE. The compositions may be formulated in pharmaceutically acceptable formulations. The invention also includes methods and products for inhibiting neutrophil adhesion and neutrophil aggregation using the 16-HETE agonists. One method of the invention involves the administration of a 16-HETE agonist in combination with a thrombolytic agent to a patient suffering from, thromboembolic stroke.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers with ethylenically unsaturated derivatives of fatty acids and/or oils via emulsion polymerization techniques is performed in two stages. One or more suitable ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized in the first stage of an emulsion polymerization. The ethylenically unsaturated derivatives of fatty acids and/or oils are blended with other monomers and polymerized in a second stage of the polymerization reaction. A suitable surfactant is added to the polymerization mixture to facilitate formation of the emulsion. In a preferred embodiment, the surfactant is a hybrid surfactant, i.e., one having both anionic and non-ionic characteristics.

Abstract: A composition comprising a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises at least one of: i) a blend of a first polymer comprising a reaction product of acetoacetoxyethyl (meth)acrylate monomer and a second polymer comprising a reaction product of castor oil (meth)acrylate monomer, and ii) a third polymer comprising a reaction product of acetoacetoxyethyl (meth)acrylate monomer and castor oil (meth)acrylate monomer. These polymer compositions can be cured by at least one of auto-oxidation and actinic radiation. Optionally, at least a portion of the acetoacetoxyethyl (meth)acrylate moieties in the polymer can be converted to a corresponding enamine by reaction with at least one of ammonia and an amine.

Abstract: A thickener composition containing a reaction product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid and mixtures thereof, and a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether corresponding to formula I: R1O(CH2CH2O)nH  (I) wherein R1 is an alkyl and/or alkenyl group containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is a number from 20 to 150.

Abstract: Novel compounds derived from traditional semi- drying and non-drying oils featuring internally plasticizing and crosslinkable properties are disclosed and claimed. Preferred embodiments include acrylate or methacrylate esters of hydroxy long-chain olefinic compounds derived from castor oil or lesquerella oil. A process for the preparation of the novel compounds is also disclosed, which involves esterification reaction of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or its derivatives with substituted hydroxy long-chain olefinic compounds. These compounds are suitable for forming latices, which form films at low minimum film forming temperatures (MFT) ranging from −5 to 10° C. and cure to above ambient glass transition (Tg) polymers without the use of traditional organic cosolvents which contribute to environmental pollution via volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. These latices are therefore useful in waterborne coatings, contact and pressure sensitive adhesives, and inks.

Abstract: Compounds having the active site of natural lipoxins, but a longer tissue half-life are disclosed. In particular, 15-epi-lipoxins and their use in ameliorating undesired cell proliferation, which characterizes diseases such as cancer, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel latex or emulsion compositions containing internally plasticizing and crosslinkable monomers derived from traditional semi-drying or non-drying oils are disclosed and claimed. The monomers are ethylenically unsaturated esters of long-chain olefinic compounds. Preferred embodiments include latex formed from acrylate or methacrylate esters of hydroxy fatty acid esters derived from castor oil or lesquerella oil. A process for the synthesis of the latex composition is also disclosed, which involves (a) an esterification reaction of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivatives with a substituted hydroxy long-chain olefinic compound; (b) subsequent polymerization of the so formed ethylenically unsaturated ester of a long-chain olefinic compound in an aqueous phase with at least one other copolymerizable monomer; and (c) blending so formed polymer with at least one drier and a surfactant to form the novel latex or emulsion compositions.

Abstract: Novel latex or emulsion compositions containing internally plasticizing and crosslinkable monomers derived from traditional semi-drying or non-drying oils are disclosed and claimed. The monomers are ethylenically unsaturated derivatives of long-chain olefinic compounds. Preferred embodiments include latex formed from acrylate or methacrylate esters of fatty alcohols. A process for the synthesis of the latex composition is also disclosed, which involves (a) polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated derivatives of a long-chain olefinic compound in an aqueous phase with at least one other copolymerizable monomer; and (b) blending of so formed polymer with at least one drier and a surfactant to form the novel latex or emulsion compositions. These compositions form films at low minimum film forming temperatures (MFT) ranging from −5 to 10° C.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formula (I) and (II): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to the Schizochytrium genus SR21 strain and a microorganism belonging to the same species as does said SR21 strain or having substantially the same fungological properties as does said SR21 strain, the said SR21 strain and microorganism having the ability to produce the (n-3) series of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the (n-6) series of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and the invention also relates to a process for preparing the (n-3) series of DHA and the (n-6) series of DPA utilizing said microorganisms. The microorganisms according to the present invention are superior in their proliferation character and their propensity to produce fat, and have the ability to produce the (n-3) series of DHA and the (n-6) series of DPA very well. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively produce the (n-3) series of DHA and/or the (n-6) series of DPA, which are useful in the fields of foods and pharmaceuticals, using the microorganisms according to the present invention.

Abstract: 3-heteroatom substituted and two carbon homologs of 15-HETE, and their derivatives, compositions and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: Compounds having the active site of natural lipoxins, but a longer tissue half-life are disclosed. In particular, 15-epi-lipoxins and their use in ameliorating undesired cell proliferation, which characterizes diseases such as cancer, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Secondary alcohol esters of hydroxyacids, e.g., ricinoleate esters of secondary alcohols, are prepared by reacting an ester of a hydroxyacid with a secondary alcohol, in the presence of an organometallic transesterification catalyst. Under these reaction conditions, a high proportion of the starting ester of a hydroxyacid is converted into a secondary alcohol ester of the hydroxyacid, while minimizing the formation of by-products including estolide. The product esters and composition containing same may be used as a lubricity agent or as a friction modifier in a lubricant composition.

Abstract: Aspirin triggered lipid mediators (ATLMs) are disclosed which are useful for the treatment of prevention of inflammation associated with various diseases, including ischemia.

Abstract: The present invention includes 16-HETE analogs which are agonists and antagonists of 16-HETE. The compositions may be formulated in pharmaceutically acceptable formulations. The invention also includes methods and products for inhibiting neutrophil adhesion and neutrophil aggregation using the 16-HETE agonists. One method of the invention involves the administration of a 16-HETE agonist in combination with a thrombolytic agent to a patient suffering from thromboembolic stroke.

Abstract: Novel compounds derived from traditional semi-drying and non-drying oils featuring internally plasticizing and crosslinkable properties are disclosed and claimed. Preferred embodiments include acrylate or methacrylate esters of hydroxy long-chain olefinic compounds derived from castor oil or lesquerella oil. A process for the preparation of the novel compounds is also disclosed, which involves esterification reaction of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or its derivatives with substituted hydroxy long-chain olefinic compounds. These compounds are suitable for forming latices, which form films at low minimum film forming temperatures (MFT) ranging from −5 to 10° C. and cure to above ambient glass transition (Tg) polymers without the use of traditional organic cosolvents which contribute to environmental pollution via volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. These latices are therefore useful in waterborne coatings, contact and pressure sensitive adhesives, and inks.