Abstract: A triacylglycerol containing oil having a 1,3-dierucoyl 2-oleoyl glycerol (EOE) content of at least about 50% is described. Plants for producing an oil having a high EOE content are also described.

Abstract: The compound 7,10,12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (TOD) has been produced by bioconversion of ricinoleic acid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3. TOD and derivatives thereof are useful for controlling biological organisms, such as fungi and insects.

Abstract: The present invention to provide a process for conditioning hair and skin which comprise contacting the skin or hair with an effective conditioning concentration of a of the reaction product of meadowfoam oil and an ester selected from the group consisting of beeswax, jojoba oil, carnauba wax, and candelilla wax.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)-containing oil with a high triglyceride content and a high oxidative stability. In addition, a method is described for the recovery of such oil from a microbial biomass derived from a pasteurized fermentation broth, wherein the microbial biomass is subjected to extrusion to form granular particles, dried and the oil then extracted from the dried granules using an appropriate solvent.

Abstract: This invention refers to wax esters enriched in &ohgr;-3 unsaturated fatty acids, to the procedure to obtain them, to their peculiar biochemical behavior which enables them to be used as drug and food additives, and to formulations which contain them for both pharmaceutical and dietetic-alimentary purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of “reconstituted meadowfoam oils”. The term reconstituted as used heron refers to a process in which meadowfoam oil and one or more oils of natural origin are transesterfied under conditions of high temperature and catalyst to make a “reconstituted product” having an altered alkyl distribution and consequently altered chemical and physical properties. The present invention deals with the reaction of meadowfoam oil and beeswax, carnauba wax, candellia wax, and jojoba oil.

Abstract: Compounds of structure (I), and when for use in therapy: where R1 is an acyl group derived from a C16-30 fatty acid with two or more cis or trans double bonds and particularly an n-6 or n-3 series EFA or conjugated linoleic acid, or columbinic acid, or parinaric acid and R2 is as R1 the same or different, or any other nutrient, drug or other bioactive residue released as the active in the body and R3 is either hydrogen, fully hydrocarbon, or containing heteroatoms, preferably an alkyl group particularly a C1-C4 alkyl group.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using conjugated linoleic acid preparations enriched for the t10,c12 and c9,t11 isomers are disclosed. It is found that preparations of conjugated linoleic acid containing a ratio of t10,c12 to c9,t11 of about greater than 1.2:1 are desirable for a wide variety of nutritional, therapeutic and pharmacologic uses.

Abstract: There is disclosed a fuel lubricity additive, made by a two-step process wherein the first step is co-reacting an unsaturated base oil, predominantly from vegetable oil sources, and a compound having a diene structure and a carboxylic acid group, wherein the second step is esterifying or amidifying the free carboxylic acid group of anhydride group with a poly-hydroxy-containing compound or poly-amine compound to form the final fuel lubricity additive useful in diesel fuels. The inventive fuel lubricity additive also is useful as a dispersant.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to free radical polymers, which contain a meadowfoam ester group as one of the functional groups polymerized. The compounds of the invention are prepared by the free radical polymerization of a novel meadowfoam monomer having a reactive vinyl group and a number of other free radical polymerizable reactants. The unique structure of the meadowfoam results in polymers with oxidative stability heretofore unattainable.

Abstract: A non-hydrogenated canola oil having superior oxidative stability and fry stability useful for food applications is disclosed, as well as seeds, plant lines and progeny thereof from which the oil is derived.

Abstract: Oil produced from the seed of Brassica napus plant has an oleic acid content of 71.4-77.4% and a linoleic acid content of no more than 3%. The oil is useful in food and industrial applications. The oil has substantially improved oxidative stability relative to normal rapeseed oil, when both are identically treated with antioxidant.

Abstract: The invention pertains to synthetic esters containing a) fatty acid mixtures with an oleic acid content of 85 wt % and a stearic acid content of 0.5 to 2.5 wt %, both relative to the mixture, b) alcohols and c) as desired, polyfunctional carboxylic acids. The invention also relates to hydraulic oils based on these esters, and to the use of the esters as lubricants, as hydraulic oils and in cosmetics.

Abstract: A cobalt catalytic system that makes it possible to obtain branched compounds from fatty substances by reacting simple olefins on polyunsaturated esters, which may or may not be conjugated, is described.The compounds that are obtained may be hydrogenated and used as lubricant bases.

Abstract: Liquid oils with a SAFA-content of less than 5 wt % can be obtained by conversion of a fatty compound (A), preferably having a SAFA-level of more then 5 wt %, with a reactant (B), capable of forming different reaction products of the non-triglyceride type (C.sub.1, C.sub.2 etc.) having a different melting point and/or different solubility in compound (A); the SAFA-level of the end product can be controlled by separating the precipitate of the higher melting more saturated reaction-products (C.sub.1, C.sub.2 etc.) from the rest of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Blends of wax-esters with beneficial health properties comprise: .gtoreq. two different wax-esters in amounts of 5-95% and each having m.pt -10.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. blend displaying m.pt: 15 to 45% while >80 wt % of wax-esters in blend have m.pt 20 to 60.degree. C.; wax-esters derived from linear alcohols and linear carboxyl acids either of them having .gtoreq.8 C-atoms.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug.In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: An endogenous oil extracted from Brassica seeds is disclosed that contains, after crushing and extraction, greater than 86% oleic acid and less than 2.5% .alpha.-linolenic acid. The oil also contains less than 7% linoleic acid. The Brassica seeds are produced by plants that contain seed-specific inhibition of microsomal oleate desaturase and microsomal linoleate desaturase gene expression. Such inhibition can be created by cosuppression or antisense technology. Such an oil has a very high oxidative stability in the absence of added antioxidants.

Abstract: The use of crocetin has been demonstrated to be effective in elevating oxygen diffusivity, and increasing oxygen consumption by the body tissues of a mammal. Crocetin is difficult to solubilize. Sodium crocetinate, formed by reacting crocetin with sodium hydroxide, appears in several isomeric forms. The trans isomer is effective in improving oxygen diffusivity, while the related cis isomer appears not to be. Isolated TSC can be used in place of crocetin, treat a variety of conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hemorrhagic shock, papillomas and related conditions.

Abstract: Soybeans (ie., Glycine max L. Merr.) possessing a novel genetic determinant for the enhanced production of palmitic acid in the endogenously formed vegetable oil of the seeds are provided. Such genetic determinant is the homogeneous recessive fap5fap5 gene pair that has been found to be capable of formation through mutagenesis. Once formed, such genetic determinant can be readily transferred to other soybean lines and cultivars where it is similarly expressed on a reliable basis under conventional field growing conditions. In a preferred embodiment when a soybean plant possesses the combined presence of the homogeneous recessive genes (1) fap2-bfap2-b, (2) fap4fap4, as well as (3) fap5fap5 for enhanced palmitic acid formation in the seeds, it has been found that an unusually high expression for palmitic acid production in the resulting vegetable oil of the seeds is provided that is in excess of 30 up to approximately 37 percent by weight based upon the total fatty acid content.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for protecting cells from injury due to intrinsic membrane lysis, oxidation and/or invasion by destructive agents. Even more particularly, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating or prophylactically inhibiting phospholipase mediated injury, injury due to oxidation, and inflammation. In a very specific sense, this invention provides compositions and methods of making these compositions that are inhibitors of phospholipase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of "reconstituted meadowfoam oils". The term reconstituted as used hereon refers to a process in which meadowfoam oil and one or more oils of natural origin are transesterified under conditions of high temperature and catalyst to make a "reconstituted product" having an altered alkyl distribution and consequently altered chemical and physical properties.

Abstract: An improved Brassica oilseed, an improved plant capable of forming the same, and an improved edible endogenous vegetable oil derived from oilseed Brassica are provided. The edible endogenous vegetable oil of the present invention possesses an improved distribution of fatty acids following crushing and extraction in the absence of hydrogenation or other chemical or physical modification. The alpha-linolenic acid content is less than 3.5 percent by weight, the oleic acid content is at least 77 percent by weight, the total saturated fatty acid content is no more than 4.5 percent by weight, and the erucic acid content is no more than 2 percent by weight based upon the total fatty acid content. Each of the recited characteristics of the oil is controlled by genetic means and surprisingly is simultaneously expressed (e.g., in the field under conventional oilseed Brassica growing conditions) in the absence of cancellation as the result of the formation of the other recited traits.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a prodrug from a fatty acid carrier and a neuroactive drug. The prodrug is stable in the environment of both the stomach and the bloodstream and may be delivered by ingestion. The prodrug passes readily through the blood brain barrier. Once in the central nervous system, the prodrug is hydrolyzed into the fatty acid carrier and the drug to release the drug. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier is 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexa-enoic acid and the drug is dopamine. Both are normal components of the central nervous system. The covalent bond between the drug and the carrier preferably is an amide bond, which bond may survive the conditions in the stomach. Thus, the prodrug may be ingested and will not be hydrolyzed completely into the carrier molecule and drug molecule in the stomach.

Abstract: Soybeans (i.e., Glycine max L. Merr.) possessing a novel genetic determinant for the reduced production of linolenic acid in the endogenously formed vegetable oil of the seeds are provided. Such genetic determinant is the homozygous recessive fan3fan3 gene pair that has been found to be capable of formation through mutagenesis. Once formed, such genetic determinant can be readily transferred to other soybean lines and cultivars where it is similarly expressed on a reliable basis under conventional field growing conditions. In a preferred embodiment a soybean plant possesses the combined presence of the homozygous recessive gene pairs (1) fan1fan1 or fan1(A5)fan1(A5), (2) fan2fan2, as well as (3) fan3fan3 for reduced linolenic acid formation in the seeds and has been found that an unusually low expression for linolenic acid production in the resulting vegetable oil of the seeds is provided that is less than 1.3 percent by weight and most preferably is no more than 1.

Abstract: Lower alkyl esters of fatty acids can be used for the cleaning of paint brushes and/or for the removal of paint from painted surfaces.

Abstract: A high oleic soybean oil having high oxidative stability is disclosed. This oil has an AOM induction time of greater than 50 hours. Oxidative stability is achieved without the need for hydrogenation or the addition of an antioxidant.

Abstract: A non-hydrogenated canola oil having superior oxidative stability and fry stability useful for food applications is disclosed, as well as seeds, plant lines and progeny thereof from which the oil is derived.

Abstract: A variety of Brassica napus, designated AG019, and varieties essentially derived therefrom, having oil which combines oxidative stability sufficient for industrial applications with a desirable dietary fatty acid profile. Plants, seeds, tissue cultures, and plants regenerated from tissue cultures. Oil having an oleic acid content of from about 71.4% to about 77.4%, a linolenic acid content of no more than about 3%, an oleic:linolenic acid ratio value of at least about 34.0, and an (oleic+linoleic)/linolenic acid ratio value of at least about 41.2. The oil has substantially improved oxidative stability, relatively to normal rapeseed oil, when both are treated with antioxidant.

Abstract: There is disclosed structured lipid containing either a gamma-linolenic acid or a dihomogamma-linolenic acid residue, together with an n-3 fatty acid residue and a medium chain fatty acid residue on the same glycerol backbone. This structured lipid is particularly well adapted to the treatment of disease or stress states. The gamma-linolenic or dihomogamma-linolenic acid residues modify the prostanoid synthesis pathway, reducing the level of series "2" prostanoids and elevating the levels of series "1" and "3" prostanoids. The n-3 fatty acid residue enhances the level of series "1" prostanoids as well as increases the production of series "3" prostanoids. The medium chain fatty acid residues enhances the absorption of the structured lipid. There is also disclosed enteral and parenteral diets as well as nutritional supplements containing the structured lipids of the invention.

Abstract: An improved Brassica oilseed, an improved plant capable of forming the same, and an improved edible endogenous vegetable oil derived from oilseed Brassica are provided. The edible endogenous vegetable oil of the present invention possesses an improved distribution of fatty acids following crushing and extraction in the absence of hydrogenation or other chemical or physical modification. The alpha-linolenic acid content is less than 3.5 percent by weight, the oleic acid content is at least 77 percent by weight, the total saturated fatty acid content is no more than 4.5 percent by weight, and the erucic acid content is no more than 2 percent by weight based upon the total fatty acid content. Each of the recited characteristics of the oil is controlled by genetic means and surprisingly is simultaneously expressed (e.g., in the field under conventional oilseed Brassica growing conditions) in the absence of cancellation as the result of the formation of the other recited traits.

Abstract: A novel fat-blend for low trans filling fat compositions or for wrapper margarine that upon use do not display posthardening comprise: SUS, SSU and SU.sub.2 -triglyceriden, wherein:i) the transcontent <5%ii) SUS/SSU-wt ratio <2iii) SUS <34 wt %iv) SU.sub.2 <55 wt %S=saturated fatty acid 16-18 C-atoms U=mono/diunsaturated fatty acid with 18 C-atoms.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the composition of matter and the utilization of certain novel polyoxyalkylene glycol esters which are prepared by the reaction of a meadowfoam oil, meadowfoam fatty acid or meadowfoam methyl ester and a polyoxylalkylene glycol as emulsifiers.

Abstract: Wood preservative systems comprising (a) a biocidal effective amount of (i) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted, interrupted or uninterrupted C.sub.1 -C.sub.100 group; l and q independently are 1, 2 or 3 and (l) (q) is 1, 2, or 3; and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; (ii) at least one di C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkyl quaternary ammonium borate having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above, and a is 2 or 3, but when a is 2, b is 0 or 1, and when a is 3, b is 0, 1, or 2; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); and (b) a solvent are provided. These carboxylate quats as well as carboxylate quats wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl-substituted alkyl group and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 alkyl group are preferably prepared by an indirect or a direct synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric bisesters of alkyl- or alkenyldicarboxylic acid derivatives and polyalcohols, and their use as solubilizers, emulsifiers and/or detergents. In particular, the bisesters are advantageously used in cosmetic compositions, detergents and cleaners, pharmaceutical compositions, foodstuffs and crop protection compositions. The invention furthermore relates to a process for preparing these bisesters.

Abstract: Salts of formula RCOOR'R".sub.2 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.2).sub.n OH wherein R represents the alkenyl radical of a C.sub.20 -C.sub.22 omega-3-polyunsaturated acid; R' represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl radical; R" represents R', as above defined, or (CH.sub.2).sub.n OH hydroxyalkyl radical where n is 2 or 3; and their use as cardiovascular agents.

Abstract: Triglycerides with at least two different acids chosen from 6-desaturated essential fatty acids and oleic acid, useful in nutrition and in medicine.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for protecting cells from injury due to intrinsic membrane lysis, oxidation and/or invasion by destructive agents. Even more particularly, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating or prophylactically inhibiting phospholipase mediated injury, injury due to oxidation, and inflammation. In a very specific sense, this invention provides compositions and methods of making these compositions that are inhibitors of phospholipase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for introducing nucleic acids into cells. The method involves exposing the cells to a compound having the formula ##STR1## in which: w is a nucleic acidx is a non-amino acid or non-peptide nucleic acid binding groupy is a spacer having a chain length equivalent to 1-30 carbon-carbon single covalent bonds or is absentR.sub.4 is H or halogen or CH.sub.2 O--R.sub.3 ; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are either hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl, hydroxylated alkenyl groups or ether containing alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl or hydroxylated alkenyl groups optionally being an acyl group having a carbon chain length equivalent to 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 includes a group having a carbon chain of 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, or to a compound having the formula:w . . . y--y--NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O--R.sub.

Abstract: Lipid molecules bearing a cationic charge are described. These cationic lipids are useful in the delivery of biomolecules, such as oligonucleotides, nucleic acids, peptides, diagnostic imaging agents, proteins and drug molecules. In the form of liposomes, they can effectively be used for the intracellular delivery of biomolecules for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: Improved rape plants, seeds capable of forming the same, and a novel improved vegetable oil derived from the rapeseeds are provided. Such plants have the ability to yield a vegetable oil of increased heat stability in combination with other desirable traits. The increased stability of the vegetable oil is attributable to the presence of an unusually high oleic acid content in the rapeseeds which has been lacking in the available rape plants of the prior art. It has been found that the novel rape plants of the present invention reliably can be formed by mutagenesis followed by selection as described. The vegetable oil produced by the improved rape plants of the present invention is particularly well suited for use as a frying oil wherein the increased stability at elevated temperatures is of prime importance. In a preferred embodiment wherein the vegetable oil is used as a frying oil, the alpha-linolenic acid content concomitantly is reduced which additionally imparts an increased oxidative stability.

Abstract: Methyl (E)-4,7-octadienoate ?(E)-4,7-octadienoic acid methyl ester! (1), as well as odorant and/or flavorant compositions containing compound (1) as an organoleptic active substance and the manufacture of compound (1).

Abstract: Methods for stereospecific synthesis of 9-cis olefins and retinoids. In one particular aspect, a cis olefin is generated via a lactol ring opening with complete retention of double bond configuration.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the certain novel alkoxylated esters which are prepared by the reaction of an alkoxylated alcohol and meadowfoam fatty, methyl ester or triglyceride. These materials are useful as cosmetic ingredients where outstanding liquidity, resistance to oxidation, and minimal taste and odor variation are required. This combination of properties make these compounds excellent candidates as emulsifiers used in personal care products like skin care oils and lipsticks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of some natural or synthetic chalcones and the esters thereof with straight or branched aliphatic acids, saturated and unsaturated, containing up to 22 carbon atoms in the therapy and prevention of the uterus, ovary and breast tumors, as well as the formulations containing them. Chalcones such as isocordoin, cordoin, 2-hydroxyderricin, 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone, 4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone have a marked affinity to the estrogen receptors of type II and an antiproliferative activity on uterus, ovary and breast tumor cell lines. These molecules proved to be useful both in therapy and in the prevention of such tumors.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing 9-cis-retinoic acid, all-trans-retinoic acid or 9-nor-retinoic acid is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of adding a Grignard reagent of ##STR1## to 2,2,6 trimethyl cyclohexanone is disclosed. R is a methyl group or H and the CH.sub.2 --OH group is in either the cis or trans orientation relative to the HC.tbd.C- group. The resulting product is converted into retinoic acid. In the preferable form of the present invention, a tritium-labelled retinoic acid is synthesized, wherein the labelling is at the C.sub.20 position. A preparation of tritium-labelled 9-cis-retinoic acid with a specific activity of greater than 65 Ci/mmol is also enclosed. In a most preferred embodiment, the specific activity is greater than 75 Ci/mmol.

Abstract: A soybean vegetable oil obtained by crushing and extraction from mature soybean seeds is provided in which the endogenously formed concentrations of both palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) are simultaneously elevated. Neither elevated saturated fatty acid concentration is negated by the expression of the other saturated fatty acid in the elevated concentration. The endogenously formed palmitic acid content is from about 14% to about 24% and the endogenously formed stearic acid content is from about 20% to about 30% by weight of the total fatty acid composition. In a preferred embodiment, the endogenously formed linolenic acid (C18:3) component of the soybean oil is no more than about 3% by weight of the total fatty acid composition.

Abstract: Phenolic aralkylation polymers modified by esterification with fatty acids, transesterification with glyceride oils, or other modifications to reactive hydroxyl moieties to improve the characteristics and properties of coating systems in which the modified materials are incorporated. At least a portion of the hydroxyl moieties of the polyol is esterified or otherwise modified. The hydroxyl moieties include those that have been "chain-extended," if desired.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycotyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: The present invention also relates to a method of treating aspirin-treatable conditions comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a compound of Formula I ##STR1##