Abstract: Described herein is a polymerized biorenewable, previously modified, or functionalized oil, comprising a polymeric distribution having about 2 to 80 wt % oligomer content, a polydispersity index ranging from about 1.30 to about 2.20, and sulfur content ranging from 0.001 wt % to about 8 wt %. Methods of manufacturing the polymerized oil as well as its incorporation into asphalt paving, roofing, and coating applications are also described.

Abstract: Described herein is a polymerized biorenewable, previously modified, or functionalized oil, comprising a polymeric distribution having about 2 to about 80 wt % oligomer content, a polydispersity index ranging from about 1.30 to about 2.20, and sulfur content ranging from 0.001 wt % to about 8 wt %. Methods of manufacturing the polymerized oil as well as its incorporation into asphalt paving, roofing, and coating applications are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are rejuvenating compositions for asphalt applications. In one aspect, the rejuvenating composition comprises a polymerized oil having a polymeric distribution ranging from about 2 to about 80 wt % oligomer content and Hildebrand solubility ranging from about 6 to about 12. In another aspect, the rejuvenating composition comprises an oil having a Hildebrand solubility ranging from about 6 to about 12 and a flash point ranging from about 100° C. to about 400° C. In yet another aspect, the rejuvenating composition comprises a modified oil having a Hildebrand solubility ranging from about 6 to about 12 and a flash point ranging from about 100° C. to about 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of R- and S-lipoic acid and R- and S-dihydrolipoic acid comprising (a) reaction of where MS is SO2—R? and R and R? independently of one another are C1–C6-alkyl, C3–C8-cycloalkyl, C3–C8-cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, with sodium sulfide and sulfur in methanol. The invention especially relates to processes for preparing pure R- or S-dihydrolipoic acid, which is either used directly or processed further to give R- and S-lipoic acid. The process also serves for the production of pharmaceuticals. The present invention further relates to a solution of sodium sulfide trihydrate and sulfur in methanol, the sulfur being present in a molar excess over the sodium sulfide trihydrate, and a kit which comprises the solution according to the invention.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of R-lipoic acid or S-lipoic acid comprising a process step selected from a) distillation of dihydrolipoic acid, b) reaction of ?or its stereoisomer, where Ms is SO2—R? and R and R? independently of one another is [sic] C1-C6-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, with sodium sulfide and sulfur in ethanol and reaction with a complex hydride, (c) the extraction of a protic solution of R-dihydrolipoic acid or S-dihydrolipoic acid with organic solvents at a pH from 9 to 10, or (d) the extraction of R-dihydrolipoic acid or S-dihydrolipoic acid with organic solvents from a protic solution at a pH of 4 to 5, or a combination of one or more of steps (a) to (d), and processes for the preparation of dihydrolipoic acid and the compound 1,6,8 [lacuna] octanetriol.

Abstract: An amide represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are C1-C24 alkyl, etc.; B is C2-C10 alkylene, etc.; A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are C1-C6 alkylene, etc.; Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are C1-C4 alkyl, etc., and X.sup.1 is halogen; or a salt of the amide and detergent compositions containing the amide or salt are mild to the skin or hair, provide a pleasant sensation to the skin or hair, and have excellent latherability and emulsion stability. These compounds are useful as components of various detergents and cosmetic compositions, emulsifiers, and conditioners.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for dispersing sulfur in aqueous systems comprising adding an alkylcarboxylic acid compound to the system. This prevents fouling of the aqueous system by the precipitated sulfur.

Abstract: A product formed by heating (A) a mixture of a carboxylic acid ester and a fatty acid oxyalkylated amine derivative selected from fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, fatty acid ester-amides of such oxyalkylated amine, and mixtures thereof with (B) sulfur or a sulfur source at an elevated temperature at which sulfurization occurs. Such products are effective as oil additives in inhibiting excessive wear and sludge formation. And they possess excellent compatibility with oils of lubricating viscosity, such as mineral oils used as crankcase lubricating oil base stocks.