Abstract: A composition for producing optical elements has a gradient structure, particularly for holographic applications, wherein the gradient structure is formed by a refractivity gradient. The composition is produced from a polymer and a light- and/or temperature-sensitive metal complex and the light- and/or temperature-sensitive metal complex is decomposed upon changing the local refractivity. The result is the formation of a refractivity gradient.

Abstract: A series of ligands with site specific electron donating substituents that form a catalyst complex with a transition metal and are suitable for catalysis of atom transfer radical reactions, including ATRP are described. Faster catalysis rates were observed allowing for low catalyst concentrations and linear increases in molecular weight with monomer conversion, and narrow molecular weight distributions. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that increasing the strength and number of conjugated electron donating groups resulted in more stable complexes and larger ATRP equilibrium constants.

Abstract: The present application, relates to iron bisphenolate complexes and methods of use and synthesis thereof. The iron complexes are prepared from tridentate or tetradentate ligands of Formula I: wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. Also provided are methods and processes of using the iron bisphenolate complexes as catalysts in cross-coupling reactions and in controlled radical polymerizations.

Abstract: A method of increasing the overall mass transfer rate of acid gas scrubbing solids is disclosed. Various catalyst compounds for that purpose are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to iron(III) complex compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them for the use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of iron deficiency symptoms and iron deficiency anemias.

Abstract: A composition contains (A) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst and (B) an aliphatically unsaturated compound having an average, per molecule, of one or more aliphatically unsaturated organic groups capable of undergoing hydrosilylation reaction. The composition is capable of reacting via hydrosilylation reaction to form a reaction product, such as a silane, a gum, a gel, a rubber, or a resin. Ingredient (A) contains a metal-ligand complex that can be prepared by a method including reacting a metal precursor and a ligand.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to per-substituted pentalene compounds, including permethylpentalene and precursors thereof. In particular, the invention provides substituted pentalene compounds and methods of preparing substituted pentalene compounds; complexes of metals with substituted pentalene compounds and methods for their production; and the use of complexes of metals with substituted pentalene compounds in catalysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cathode catalyst for an air secondary cell having both excellent oxygen reduction activity and excellent water oxidation activity, and an air secondary cell that uses the catalyst. The present invention relates to a cathode catalyst for an air secondary cell in which the catalyst contains a polynuclear metal complex.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal-salen complex compound having a controlled grain size that enables the metal-salen complex compound to exert its pharmacological effects as a medicine, at a target region. This metal-salen complex compound is composed of the following that has a crystal grain size of 8 ?m or less, and that is represented by the chemical formula below. N,N?-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine metal M is Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Nd, Sm, Eu, or Gd.

Abstract: A hybrid porous material including at least a first and a second porous material portion which are chemically bonded to each other and are each a different type of material.

Abstract: A water soluble nanoparticle can include a ligand of formula (I). The ligand can provide zwitterionic character and can provide water solubility, small hydrodynamic diameter, chemical stability, and the capability to modify the nanoparticle with additional functional moieties such as a small molecule, nucleic acid, or protein.

Abstract: The invention relates to iron(III) complex compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them for the use as medicaments, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of iron deficiency symptoms and iron deficiency anemias.

Abstract: A gas adsorption material has a three-dimensional structure wherein a ligand (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) having an aromatic ring as a principal skeleton containing, a carboxyl group and a functional group capable of forming a coordinate bond, the functional group being other than the carboxyl group, and a metal nucleus (Zn) are bonded to each other at a ratio of 1:1. The ligand contains a functional hydroxyl group other than the carboxyl group, and the carboxyl group and the functional group other than the carboxyl group are bonded in at least one position to the metal nucleus. The gas adsorption material is produced by drying a precursor obtained by reacting the ligand and the metal nucleus, dissolving the dried precursor in an organic solvent, heating and stirring a resultant solution to form a three-dimensional structure that includes the organic solvent as a crystal solvent, and removing the crystal solvent.

Abstract: Methods for making self-healing polymer and gel compositions with crosslinks comprising coordinate bonds between monomer subunits and metals are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a near infrared absorbing dye having excellent shielding function for near infrared rays and excellent in durability is provided. In a light resistance test, a layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 25±5 ?m has an absorption intensity at the maximum absorption wavelength of the near infrared absorbing dye after a light resistance test of 50% or more of the absorption intensity before the test in which light with an irradiance of 64.5 W/m2 at a wavelength of 300 to 400 nm is irradiated on the layer for 160 hours.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active alcohol compound comprising reacting a cyclic ether compound with a phenol compound in the presence of an asymmetric complex obtained by reacting an optically active metal complex represented by the formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are the same or different and each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; one of R9 and R10 is a hydrogen group and the other is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or the like; Q represents a single bond, a C1-C4 alkylene group or the like; M represents a metal ion; and when an ionic valency of the metal ion is same as a coordination number of a ligand, A is nonexistent, and when the above-mentioned ionic valency is different from the coordination number, and A represents a counter ion or a ligand, with a metal sulfonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel bimetallic complexes and methods of using the same in the isoselective polymerization of epoxides. The invention also provides methods of kinetic resolution of epoxides. The invention further provides polyethers with high enantiomeric excess that are useful in applications ranging from consumer goods to materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to per-substituted pentalene compounds, including permethylpentalene and precursors thereof. In particular, the invention provides substituted pentalene compounds and methods of preparing substituted pentalene compounds; complexes of metals with substituted pentalene compounds and methods for their production; and the use of complexes of metals with substituted pentalene compounds in catalysis.

Abstract: An optically active sulfoxide compound that is useful as an intermediate for synthesis or an active ingredient of a physiologically active substance such as a pharmaceutical agent is produced at a high optical purity. A process for producing an optically active sulfoxide compound of formula (4) comprises oxidizing a sulfide compound of formula (3) in the presence of an optically active metal complex of formula (1), (1?), (2) or (2?) by using an oxidizing agent. The present invention is also directed to the optically active metal complex.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a drug delivery system which makes it possible to solve the existing technical problems and is easily usable in practice. A drug, which comprises an organic compound or an inorganic compound and has been magnetized by modifying a side chain and/or crosslinking side chains, is induced by a magnetic force into target tissues or an affected part.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a near infrared absorbing dye having excellent shielding function for near infrared rays and excellent in durability is provided. A pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a near infrared absorbing dye, wherein the layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive has a thickness of 25±5 ?m and absorption intensity at the maximum absorption wavelength of the near infrared absorbing dye after light resistance test is 50% or more for absorption intensity before the test in the light resistance test in which light with an irradiance of 64.5 W/m2 at a wavelength of 300 to 400 nm is irradiated for the layer for 160 hours.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of ferrous picrate and the preparation of fuel additives containing ferrous picrate. A process for producing ferrous picrate includes dissolving picric acid in a mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a trace amount of water and a metallic iron, thus forming a ferrous picrate solution. The ferrous picrate solution is blended with an organic solvent to form the fuel additive. Ferrous picrate produced by the product is also described.

Abstract: A novel coordination complex formed by dinuclear metal complexation is provided. The complex is a dinuclear metal complex of a compound, wherein the compound comprises a conjugation ring system substituted with: a) an electron donating group selected from —OH, —SH and —NH2; b) an indicating group selected from a chromogenic group, a fluorescent group and an electrochemical group; and c) two binding auxiliary groups, in combination with the electron donating group each of which being coordinated with the metal to provide an anion bonding site, wherein as the complex binds to a anion, the coordination of the electron donating group with the metal is weakened and electron donation of the electron donating group to the conjugation ring system is reinforced such that the reinforced electron donation by the electron donating group is transferred through the conjugation ring system to the indicating group to produce an indicating signal concomitant with the change of its electronic density.

Abstract: A fuel additive containing ferrous picrate produced by a process involving placing a non-powdered metallic iron, such as wire composed of an alloy of iron or steel wool, in any solution of picric acid in a solvent that is known in the art for reacting with iron to produce ferrous picrate. The wire can be suspended in the solution or placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel that holds the solution. Preferably the wire is loosely coiled, at least when placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel fluorinated dye stabilizers having both high quenching efficiency and solubility in halogenated solvents. These dye stabilizers have shown a significantly effect on improving the dye fastness in hostile photooxidation conditions.

Abstract: A fuel additive containing ferrous picrate produced by a process involving placing wire composed of an alloy of iron in any solution of picric acid in a solvent that is known in the art for reacting with iron to produce ferrous picrate. The wire can be suspended in the solution or placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel that holds the solution. Preferably the wire is loosely coiled, at least when placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel. Also preferably, after a concentrated fuel additive has been prepared, to the concentrate is added so much of a pre-mix solution produced by the steps of (a) dissolving picric acid in the same kind of solvent that was utilized to produce the solution into which the steel wool was placed and (b) removing water from the precursor to the pre-mix solution thus produced and so much of the same kind of alcohol that was utilized to produce the solution into which the steel wool was placed that the final product produced thereby contains approximately 1.

Abstract: This invention features a supramolecule having the following structure: M is a transition metal atom that is rhenium (Re), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), or osmium (Os); Y is a nitrogen-based didentate ligand; A is O, S, Se, or Te; R is C3˜C16 alkyl, (CH2)n-aryl, or (CH2)n-aryl-(O—C1˜C16 alkyl)p, in which n is 0-15, p is 1-3; and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

Abstract: A fuel additive containing ferrous picrate produced by a process comprising placing an enclosed iron containing metallic source in a solution of picric acid in a solvent that reacts with iron to produce ferrous picrate. Enclosure of the iron containing metallic source is accomplished with an isolating material. Enclosure may be achieved by completely surrounding the iron containing metallic source with the isolating material or by installing a filter comprising the isolating material on the downstream or the upstream side of a vessel holding the iron containing metallic source and through which the picric acid and liquid containing the picric acid are circulated. If the iron containing metallic source has been completely surrounded, it is placed into the solution. The solution may be agitated. If a filter or filters are utilized, the solution is circulated through the vessel holding the iron containing metallic source.

Abstract: Compositions comprising (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone, a transition-metal salt, and an organic solvent and methods of preparing (±)-cis-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-(aryl)cyclohexanols, in particular (±)-cis-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol, are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone and transition-metal salt are in the form of a (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone:transition-metal salt complex. In another embodimemt, aryl is 3-methoxyphenyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a mixture of alcohols/ketones by decomposing an alkyl hydroperoxide, particularly to a method for producing a cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone by decomposing cyclohexyl hydroperoxide in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. According to the invention, the reaction is carried out in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst containing an organometallic segment fixed on the surface of a porous solid compound such as silicon. The organometallic segment can be formula (I).

Abstract: A process for producing ferrous picrate and a fuel additive containing ferrous picrate involving placing wire composed of an alloy of iron in any solution of picric acid in a solvent that is known in the art for reacting with iron to produce ferrous picrate. The wire can be suspended in the solution or placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel that holds the solution. Preferably the wire is loosely coiled, at least when placed upon the bottom of a reaction vessel. Also preferably, after a concentrated fuel additive has been prepared, to the concentrate is added so much of a pre-mix solution produced by the steps of (a) dissolving picric acid in the same kind of solvent that was utilized to produce the solution into which the steel wool was placed and (b) removing water from the precursor to the pre-mix solution thus produced and so much of the same kind of alcohol that was utilized to produce the solution into which the steel wool was placed that the final product produced thereby contains approximately 1.

Abstract: Compositions comprising (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone, a transition-metal salt, and an organic solvent and methods of preparing (±)-cis-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-(aryl)cyclohexanols, in particular (±)-cis-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol, are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone and transition-metal salt are in the form of a (±)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanone:transition-metal salt complex. In another embodimemt, aryl is 3-methoxyphenyl.

Abstract: Metal complexes obtainable from a metal precursor of a metal of the 6th-10th groups of the Periodic Table in the oxidation state 0 or +2 and a ligand of the formula I, where the radicals are defined as follows: R1, R2 and R4 are hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl groups, C3-C12-cycloalkyl groups, C6-C14-aryl groups, C2-C12-alkenyl groups, arylalkyl groups, halogens, silyl groups, C1-C12-alkoxy groups, C1-C12-thioether groups or amino groups; R3 is an &agr;-branched C3-C12-alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12-cycloalkyl group, a C2-C12-alkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, a halogen, a silyl group, a C1-C12-alkoxy group, a C1-C12-thioether group or an amino group; X is oxygen, sulfur, Y is hydrogen or a silyl group, R5 to R6 are &agr;-branched C3-C12-alkyl groups or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12-cycloalkyl groups; can be used in free form or immobilized on a solid support for the polymerization of 1-olefins.

Abstract: Selected nickel complexes of the anions of certain 2-aminotropones are olefin polymerization catalysts. Novel 2-aminotropones and their nickel complexes are also disclosed together with methods of making these 2-aminotropones.

Abstract: Selected nickel complexes of the anions of certain 2-aminotropones are olefin polymerization catalysts. Novel 2-aminotropones and their nickel complexes are also disclosed together with methods of making these 2-aminotropones. Suitable complexes have the following structure: wherein: R2 is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, provided that R2 is attached to said nitrogen atom in (I) by an atom that has at least 2 other atoms that are not hydrogen attached to it; and R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl or a functional group, provided that any two of R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 vicinal to one another may form a ring; L1 is a monodentate monoanionic ligand and L2 is a monodentate neutral ligand or an empty coordination site, or L1 and L2 taken together are a monoanionic bidentate ligand.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a binuclear metal complex having structure (I) wherein M1, and M2 are independently selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn and Ru; wherein m and n are independently +2 or +3; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently a linear C1-C6 alkyl, C5-C6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, etc.; wherein (i) R1 and R2, (ii) R3 and R4, or (iii) R5 and R6 independently and optionally are linked covalently and together with the respective adjoining C atom comprise a spirocyclic ring; wherein i, j and k are integers such that 2≦i+j+k≦4; wherein p is 1 or 2, and q is 0, 1 or 2 such that m+n−4=p×q; wherein (i) R1 or R2 and R3 or R4, (ii) R3 or R4 and R4 or R5, or (iii) R1 or R2 and R5 or R6 independently and optionally are linked covalently and together with the respective adjoining C atoms comprise a fused ring; wherein Ar is 1,2-phenylene, 1,2- or 2,3-naphthylene, etc.

Abstract: A solid product which is a porous chiral (10,3)-a network of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate molecules of formula (I) where X is H, hydrocarbon, halide, etc, linked through metal atoms.

Abstract: Novel compositions and metal compounds having an ancillary ligand structure polymerize monomers and functionalized monomers, either alone or in the presence of an activator. The ancillary ligand structure is a chelating ligand that may optionally be further bound to the metal via a dative or covalent bond.

Abstract: Nitrogen-absorbing and -desorbing compositions, novel ligands and transition metal complexes, and methods of using the same, which are useful for the selective separation of nitrogen from other gases, especially natural gas.

Abstract: Positively-chargeable charge control agent and toner for developing electrostatic images that comprises a coloring agent, a resin for toners, and said positively-chargeable charge control agent. The positively-chargeable charge control agent comprises a metal complex salt or metal complex of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having at least 1 perfluoroalkyl group, wherein the central atom of the metal complex salt or metal complex is a trivalent metal.

Abstract: Compounds of the following formula are suitable as activators for peroxy compounds in laundry detergents and cleaning products:[L.sub.n M.sub.m X.sub.p ].sup.z Y.sub.q (1)in whichM is manganese in oxidation stage II, III, IV, V and/or VI or cobalt in oxidation stage II and/or Ill, and iron in oxidation stage II and/or III,X is a coordination group or bridging group,Y is a counterion in the corresponding stoichiometric amount to balance a charge z present, wherez as the metal complex charge can be positive, zero or negative,n and m, independently of one another, are integers from 1 to 4,p is an integer from 0 to 15,q is z/charge of Y andL is a ligand of the formula (2) ##STR1## in which substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are as defined in the description, and A is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkylene or amino group.

Abstract: Metal compound of formula [I] which is excellent in charge control or charge-enhancing property, and toner for developing electrostatic images and powdery paint for electrostatic painting incorporating thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent a hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group, or a linear or branched unsaturated alkyl group; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may bind together to form an aromatic or aliphatic ring which may have one or more substituents of a linear or branched alkyl group, or a linear or branched unsaturated alkyl group; M represents a metal; m represents an integer of 3 or more; n represents an integer of 2 or more.

Abstract: Metal complexes of the formula 1[L.sub.n M.sub.m X.sub.p ].sup.z Y.sub.q (1)whereM is manganese in oxidation state II, III, IV, V and/or VI or cobalt in oxidation state II and/or III or iron in oxidation state II and/or III,X is a coordinating or bridging group,Y is a counterion in the appropriate stoichiometric amount to compensate an existing charge z, wherez as the charge of the metal complex can be positive, zero or negative, n and m independently of one another are integers from 1 to 4,p is an integer from 0 to 15,q is z/charge of Y, andL is a ligand of the formula (2), (3) or (4) ##STR1## and A and R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are as defined in the description.

Abstract: A process for producing ferrous picrate and a fuel additive containing ferrous picrate. Picric acid is dissolved in an organic solvent which has a low solubility for water. The resultant mixture is filtered and substantially all water is removed from the filtered mixture before an alcohol, preferably an alcohol which is not hygroscopic, is added to the filtered, dewatered mixture. Powdered elemental iron is added to the mixture that includes the alcohol; the reaction mixture resulting from the previous steps is preferably agitated until such reaction mixture becomes substantially homogeneous; and, if needed, sufficient water is added to the reaction mixture to create a conductive medium which enables the requisite ionic reaction to proceed at a reasonable rate. The concentration of water is, however, maintained below a level where the water causes the additive to be undesirably unstable.

Abstract: A process for preparing ferrous picrate is disclosed. The process includes the step of reacting under substantially non-oxidising conditions ferrous carbonate substantially free from ferric compounds with a substantially water-free solution of picric acid in a solvent medium to produce a solution of ferric picrate. The solvent medium is selected from aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, straight- or branched-chain aliphatic alcohols, mixtures of straight or branched-chain aliphatic alcohols, and mixtures of straight- or branched-chain aliphatic alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents. The reaction is preferably carried out under a continuously maintained inert atmosphere and at a temperature between 10.degree. C. and 120.degree. C.

Abstract: Chiral catalysts for enantioselectively epoxidizing a prochiral olefin and for enantioselectively oxidizing a prochiral sulfide are disclosed, together with methods of using such catalysts. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the catalyst is a salen derivative which has the following general structure: ##STR1## In accordance with another aspect of the present invention is a method of, producing an epoxychroman using a chiral catalyst. In accordance with this method, a chromene derivative, an oxygen atom source, and a chiral catalyst are reacted under such conditions and for such time as is needed to epoxidize said chromene derivative. In accordance with yet another aspect of this invention is a method of enantioselectively epoxidizing a cis-cinnamate derivative to make taxol or an analog thereof. In accordance with another aspect a method of disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide using the catalysts of the present invention is disclosed.