Abstract: Compositions and methods of using such compositions to inhibit the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In certain embodiments, the methods include: contacting a fluid with a hydrate inhibitor composition that includes at least one compound having the structural formula (I) wherein R1 is hydrogen or any C1 to C8 hydrocarbon chain; each of R2 and R3 is independently a C1 to C8 hydrocarbon chain; R4 is hydrogen, a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon chain, or —CH2—CH(OH)—R5; R5 is a C1 to C50 alkyl chain or a C1 to C50 alkenyl chain; X? is a counter anion; and n is an integer from 1 to 8.

Abstract: To provide a process for increasing the proportion of an optical isomer of not only a compound having a closed ring but also a compound not having a closed ring when an optical isomer mixture of a compound having both a formyl group and a double bond capable of causing a carbonyl-ene ring closing reaction in the same molecule is subjected to a ring closing reaction. A process for increasing the proportion of an optical isomer characterized by subjecting an optical isomer mixture of a compound having both a formyl group and a double bond capable of causing a carbonyl-ene ring closing reaction in the same molecule to a ring closing reaction in the presence of a predetermined aluminum complex represented by the general formula: [Al2(L1)n(L2)3-n]m.

Abstract: A catalyst for obtaining isopulegol of high diastereoselectivity by highly selective cyclization reaction of citronellal is provided. The present invention relates to an organoaluminum compound obtained by reacting at least one organoaluminumoxy compound selected from the group consisting of chain aluminoxanes, cyclic aluminoxanes and bis(dialkylaluminumoxy)alkylboranes, with at least one hydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of diarylphenols, bis(diarylphenol) compounds, biaryldiols, dimethanols and silanols.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C16-C20 linear alkyl-, RO—, —NRR?, —PRR?, —SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R5 is C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C3-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R? are each independently C6-C18aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R2 is a nullify; and M is

Abstract: Compounds, synthesis of, and methods for synthesizing metal alkoxide derivatives; and metal alkoxide derivatives for use as flame retardants are described. Group 13 metal alkoxides having flame retardant properties may be prepared by reacting the periodic table group 13 metalloid or metal trihydroxide with an alcohol.

Abstract: Complex hydrides based on Al(BH4)3 are stabilized by the presence of one or more additional metal elements or organic adducts to provide high capacity hydrogen storage material.

Abstract: A catalyst for obtaining isopulegol of high diastereoselectivity by highly selective cyclization reaction of citronellal is provided. The present invention relates to an organoaluminum compound obtained by reacting at least one organoaluminumoxy compound selected from the group consisting of chain aluminoxanes, cyclic aluminoxanes and bis(dialkylaluminumoxy)alkylboranes, with at least one hydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of diarylphenols, bis(diarylphenol) compounds, biaryldiols, dimethanols and silanols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the covalent anchorage of non-coordinating anions on mineral supports to prepare activating supports for the polymerisation of ethylene and alpha-olefins and wherein the activating species is provided by a phosphonium-borate or phosphonium alane pair. The invention also discloses the concomitant covalent anchorage of zwitterionic systems containing both the non-coordinating anion and the counter cation parts of the activating supports.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the regeneration of a reactor and the use of said method for the improved performance of production processes for desired products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the formula B having the following steps: provision of a compound of the formula A intramolecular reaction of the compound of the formula A in the presence of an aluminium siloxide of the formula (Ia) or (Ib).

Abstract: The present invention relates to tetrakisfluoroalkylborate salts, methods of producing same, and their use in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins, which is a compound having the following structure: wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen-containing hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R2s are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a siloxy group, a lower-alkyl-substituted siloxy group or a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or which is a reaction product of the following sub-components (i) and (ii): sub-component (i) which is a compound having the formula R1—B—(OH)2 in which R1 is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen-containing hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and sub-component (ii) which is an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides weakly coordinating anion salts comprising a reactive cation and uses thereof. In particular, the present invention provides compounds of the formula MxQy and uses thereof, where M, Q, x, and y are those defined herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds useful as catalyst activators for olefin polymerization, comprising structures of the following formulae: wherein: L+ is a protonated derivative of an element of Group 15 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, additionally bearing two hydrocarbyl substituents of from 1 to 50 carbons each, or a positively charged derivative of an element of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, said Group 14 element being substituted with three hydrocarbyl substituents of from 1 to 50 carbons each; R1 is a divalent linking group of from 1 to 40 non-hydrogen atoms; R2 independently each occurrence is a ligand group of from 1 to 50 nonhydrogen atoms with the proviso that in a sufficient number of occurrences to balance charge in the compound, R2 is L+—R1—; M1 is boron, aluminum or gallium; Arf independently each occurrence is a monovalent, fluorinated organic group containing from 6 to 100 non-hydrogen atoms; Y is a Group 15 element; and Z is a Grou

Abstract: Novel compounds having one group 13 element bound with one mono- or di-anionic tridentate ligand, a method of preparation thereof and use thereof as a copolymerization catalyst.

Abstract: A compound useful as a catalyst or as a cocatalyst in combination with a Group 3-10 metal for addition polymerizations corresponding to the formula: [M′Q12L′I′]+(Arf3MQ2)— wherein: M′ is aluminum, gallium, or indium.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture of aluminum containing Lewis acids said mixture corresponding to the formula: (Arf3Al)(AlQ13)y(—AlQ2—O—)z where; Arf is a fluorinated aromatic hydrocarbyl moiety of from 6 to 30 carbon atoms; Q1 is C1-20 alkyl; Q2 is C1-20 hydrocarbyl, optionally substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence are hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, or hydrocarbylsulfido groups having from 1 to 20 atoms other than hydrogen, or, optionally, two or more Q2 groups may be covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems; y is a number from 0 to 1.0; z is a number from 0.1 to 20; and the moieties (Arf3Al)(AlQ13)y may exist as discrete entities or dynamic exchange products.

Abstract: Compounds, for initiating the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, having the formula ##STR1## where E is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony,X is oxygen, NR.sup.1 or sulphur,L is R.sup.8 R.sup.9 R.sup.10 E.sup.1 (Y).sub.n, alkyl ether, ester, alkyl and aryl nitrites, pyridine, piperidine, sulphoxides, sulphones, sulphimides, sulphodiimides or sulphur ylides, and R.sup.1 -R.sup.5 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Aluminum amidinate compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup., R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.50 alkyl, aryl, and silyl groups, X is an anionic ligand, preferably a hydrocarbyl, n=0 or 1, L, if present, is a labile Lewis base ligand, preferably having an oxygen, nitrogen, or phosphorus atom donating a lone pair of electrons to the aluminum center, and A.sup.- is an anion which balances the charge of the aluminum cation and only weakly if at all coordinates to the aluminum center and preferably contains boron, are disclosed. These compounds are useful as olefin polymerization catalysts without the need for cocatalysts or transition metal species.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins, which is a compound having the following structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen-containing hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 s are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a siloxy group, a lower-alkyl-substituted siloxy group or a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or which is a reaction product of the following sub-components (i) and (ii):sub-component (i) which is a compound having the formulaR.sup.1 --B--(OH).sub.2in which R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen-containing hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; andsub-component (ii) which is an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: Organic aluminoxy compounds are prepared by reacting an organo boronic acid with a trihydrocarbyl aluminum compound. The resulting products are suitable as components for catalyst systems for the polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: The peroxides which include the O.sup.17 isotope, especially the hydrogen peroxides and peroxides and hydroperoxides prepared therefrom, are well adapted as nonradioactive labeled compounds for use in the medicinal and biological arts.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are identical or different and are a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl and together contain not more than 22 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are also hydrogen, or wherein R and R.sup.1 are C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl-substituted phenyl, or naphthyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.14 aralyl, furfuryl or thienyl, and wherein Y is --S--, --O--, --NH--, --N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl)--, --CH.sub.2 --, --CH(C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl)-- or --C(C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl).sub.2 -- and X.sup..sym. is 1 equivalent of a metallic cation selected from the group consisting of Li.sup..sym., Na.sup..sym., K.sup..sym., Mg.sup.2.sym., Ca.sup.2.sym., Ba.sup.2.sym., Zn.sup.2.sym., Mn.sup.2.sym., Ni.sup.2.sym., Fe.sup.3.sym., Fe.sup.2.sym., Co.sup.2.sym., Cu.sup.2.sym., Al.sup.3.sym., Cr.sup.3.sym., VO.sup. 3.sym., ZrO.sup.2.sym., MoO.sub.2.sup.2.sym. and TiO.sup.2.sym.