Abstract: A system for creating custom fragrances is described that allows a customer to interact with an employee and a Perfumer's Organ to interactively select several scents for base, middle and top notes. They can then iteratively adjust the scents chosen. In one embodiment, the scents selected by a customer are provided to a computing device having a prestored table which separates the scents into variable potency scents having variable perceived strengths and normal potency scents having standard, equal perceived strengths. The table indicates the amount of each variable potency scent to use to normalize the strengths. The remaining normal potency scents are then added with an equal amount. In an alternative embodiment, predetermined mixtures are provided to the computing device and used as ‘training data’ to adjust the coefficients of a generalized formula to create a prediction equation fit to the training data.

Abstract: A method of purifying crude organometallic compounds using a stripping column and a gas stream is provided. This method removes relatively more volatile impurities as compared to the organometallic compound.

Abstract: Compositions useful for activating catalysts for olefin polymerization, and methods for making same, are provided. Such compositions can be derived from at least: an organoaluminum compound, a carrier, an oxygen source, and, optionally, a Lewis base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substances which can be applied to the technical fields of gas storages, polymerization catalysts and optical isomers, their intermediates, and processes for preparing the same, which is characterized in that 1) possible disintegration of structure of the scaffold material (SM) is impeded, and 2) they are prepared by a simple manufacturing system as compared to the substances conventionally suggested in the application field. Specifically, it relates to scaffold material-transition metal hydride complexes comprised of scaffold material (SM) and transition metal hydride (M1H(n-1)) which is chemically bonded to the functional groups formed on the scaffold material, SM-transition metal halide complex and SM-transition metal ligand complex as the precursors, and a process for preparing the same. The SM-transition metal hydride complex according to the present invention is a substance for hydrogen storage which adsorbs hydrogen via Kubas adsorption.

Abstract: A method of purifying crude organometallic compounds using a stripping column and a gas stream is provided. This method removes relatively more volatile impurities as compared to the organometallic compound.

Abstract: Compositions useful for activating catalysts for olefin polymerization, and methods for making same, are provided. Such compositions can be derived from at least: an organoaluminum compound, a carrier, an oxygen source, and, optionally, a Lewis base.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing dialkylzinc and dialkylaluminum monohalide that makes it possible to efficiently manufacture both dialkylzinc and dialkylaluminum monohalide of high purity and at a high yield on an industrial scale with a single reaction from zinc halide and trialkylaluminum as raw materials, while suppressing the production of precipitants in the reaction process and suppressing the adhesion of precipitates to the equipment and the admixture thereof into the product. The method for manufacturing dialkylzinc and dialkylaluminum monohalide by reacting zinc halide with trialkylaluminum, includes using trialkylaluminum with a hydride concentration of 0.01% by mass to 0.10% by mass, and separating dialkylzinc essentially not containing aluminum from reactants and then separating dialkylaluminum monohalide essentially not containing zinc.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing dialkylaluminum monohalide is provided by which dialkylaluminum monohalide substantially including no zinc component after recovering dialkylzinc from a reaction product obtained by a reaction of zinc halide and trialkylaluminum used as raw materials can be efficiently obtained on an industrial scale at a high yield. According to the method for manufacturing dialkylaluminum monohalide of the present invention, zinc halide is reacted with trialkylaluminum to produce dialkylzinc and dialkylaluminum monohalide, and after the dialkylzinc is separated from a reaction product by distillation, metal aluminum in which a molar ratio is 0.40 or more to zinc component, that is dissolved in the reaction product, and then the mixture is distilled to separate the dialkylaluminum monohalide which substantially includes no zinc component.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing dialkylaluminum monohalide is provided by which dialkylaluminum monohalide substantially including no zinc component after recovering dialkylzinc from a reaction product obtained by a reaction of zinc halide and trialkylaluminum used as raw materials can be efficiently obtained on an industrial scale at a high yield. According to the method for manufacturing dialkylaluminum monohalide of the present invention, zinc halide is reacted with trialkylaluminum to produce dialkylzinc and dialkylaluminum monohalide, and after the dialkylzinc is separated from a reaction product by distillation, metal aluminum in which a molar ratio is 0.40 or more to zinc component, that is dissolved in the reaction product, and then the mixture is distilled to separate the dialkylaluminum monohalide which substantially includes no zinc component.

Abstract: A composition comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II): wherein: Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one to three oxygen atoms, r and q are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, j is 0 or 1, or a mixture thereof, x is from about 1 to about 2, Z is —O—, —S—, or —NR—, R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms X is hydrogen or M, and M is an ammonium ion, an alkali metal ion, or an alkanolammonium ion, and its use in providing surface properties to substrates is disclosed.

Abstract: A process of preparing methylaluminium dichloride by (i) reacting by heating a material of the formula R3Al2X3, where R is C1-C4 alkyl and X is selected from bromine and iodine with an aluminium-containing material selected from metallic aluminium and a mixture of metallic aluminium and aluminium trichloride in an atmosphere of methyl chloride, with the proviso that when R is methyl and X is iodine, the aluminium-containing material is a mixture of aluminium and aluminium trichloride; and (ii) when the aluminium-containing material is metallic aluminium, adding aluminium trichloride to this reaction mixture and heating, to give a crude reaction product; and (iii) if desired, obtaining methylaluminium dichloride from this crude reaction product. The crude reaction product may be used directly in organic syntheses, such as the cyclisation of ?-Georgywood to give ?-Georgywood.

Abstract: Basic aluminum halide complexes obtained by reaction of aluminum metal with hydrohalic acid and an organic acid, where either the aluminum metal is dissolved in a mixture of hydrohalic acid and organic acid, or the aluminum metal is firstly dissolved in the hydrohalic acid and then the organic acid is added.

Abstract: The present inventions relate to novel ionic liquids comprising a Lewis acid anion such as AlyR3y+1 wherein y is greater than 0 and R is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and halogen group. The cation of the ionic liquids can be selected from ammonium, sulfonium, and phosphonium cations wherein said cation generally has less than 14 total carbon atoms. The anion may contain an organic bridge to bond neighboring aluminum atoms that would otherwise be susceptible to leaching aluminum trichloride. The ionic liquids are useful in many applications and particularly as catalysts.

Abstract: An organometallic composition of a reaction product of a fluorinated organic compound of formula (I): wherein R1 to R8 are as described in the specification, m is 0 or 1; and an organometallic compound of formula (II): M′RnX(p−n)  (II) wherein M′, R, X, n and p are as described in the specification; a polymerization catalyst composition using the above organometallic composition and a metallocene complex a method of making the catalyst composition and using the catalyst composition to polymerize &agr;-olefins.

Abstract: Novel aluminum compounds with the following empirical formula: AlX3−n(Y)n wherein=0.01 to 2.99, preferably n=2 to 2.75 are described. Each X, individually, can be an inorganic anion such as halides, alkoxides, hydroxide, nitrate, or perchlorate. Each Y, individually, can be an organic anion such as an organic acid containing from one to six carbon atoms, including but not limited to, acetic acid, hydroxy-acetic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, and in particular formic acid. Methods to prepare the novel aluminum compounds are also described. Such aluminum compounds are useful in the preparation of decorative paper.

Abstract: The (polyfluoroaryl)fluoroanions of aluminum, gallium, and indium are novel weakly coordinating anions which are highly fluorinated. (Polyfluoroaryl)fluoroanions of one such type contain at least one ring substituent other than fluorine. These (polyfluoroaryl)fluoroanions of aluminum, gallium, and indium have greater solubility in organic solvents, or have a coordinative ability essentially equal to or less than that of the corresponding (polyfluoroaryl)fluoroanion of aluminum, gallium, or indium in which the substituent is replaced by fluorine. Another type of new (polyfluoroaryl)fluoroanion of aluminum, gallium, and indium have 1-3 perfluorinated fused ring groups and 2-0 perfluorophenyl groups.

Abstract: A trityl perfluorophenyl alumninate such as tris(2,2′,2″-nonafluorobiphenyl)-fluoroaluminate (PBA⊖) and its role as a cocatalyst in metallocene-mediated olefin polymerization is disclosed. Gallium and indium analogs are also disclosed, as are analogs with different anyl groups or different numbers of flourine atoms thereon.

Abstract: An aluminum compounds represented by the following general formula (1): Al(R1—SO3)1(R2)m(R3)n   (1) wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, R2 is a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, an aliphatic hydrocarbonoxy group which may be substituted, or a halogen atom, R3 is an aromatic hydrocarbonoxy group which may be substituted, and 1, m and n are independently a number of 0 to 3, with the proviso that 1+m+n equals 3, and 1 is not 0, an acid catalyst comprising the aluminum compound, and a process for producing an ester, acetal, ketal, ether or alkyl glycoside making use of the catalyst. The catalyst is suitable for use in a variety of acid-catalyzed reactions of alcohols, i.e., reactions with carbonyl compounds, such as esterification, transesterification, acetalization and ketalization, etherification, ring-opening reactions of epoxy compounds, etc.

Abstract: Fluoroaluminate compounds of formula M+n(AlF4)n− wherein n is 1 to 3 and M+n is N(R2)4, P(R2)4, As(R2)4, HN(R2)3, H2N(R2)2, H3N(R2), (R2)3P═N═P(R2)3, S[N(R2)2]3, (R2)NCN(R)2, (R)2N—(C(R)2)k—N(R)3, and ZHm+m wherein Z is a base capable of accepting m protons, and various cyclic and aryl groups are disclosed as well as processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Halogen magnesium aluminum hydridohalides of the general formula?Mg.sub.2 X.sub.3 (ether).sub.y !.sup.+ ?AlH.sub.4-n X.sub.n !.sup.-wherein X is chlorine, bromine or iodine, y is a number from 0 to 6, n is a number from 1 to 3 and ether is an aliphatic or cylcoaliphatic ether with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, with the exception of t-butyl ether, with a dipole moment>0.5 Debye and a melting point of<0.degree. C. are prepared. The invention furthermore relates to a method for the synthesis of these compounds and to a method of reducing functional organic compounds utilizing the inventive compounds.

Abstract: Novel bimetallic organometallic compounds, their synthesis and application in polymerization catalyst system based on combination of such novel bimetallic organometallic compounds with transition metal complexes is provided.

Abstract: Fluoroaluminate compounds of formula M.sup.+n (AlF.sub.4).sub.n.sup.- wherein n is 1 to 3 and M.sup.+n is N(R.sub.2).sub.4, P(R.sub.2).sub.4, As(R.sub.2).sub.4, HN(R.sub.2).sub.3, H.sub.2 N(R.sub.2).sub.2, H.sub.3 N(R.sub.2), (R.sub.2).sub.3 P.dbd.N.dbd.P(R.sub.2).sub.3, S?N(R.sub.2).sub.2 !.sub.3, ##STR1## (R).sub.2 N--(C(R).sub.2).sub.k --N(R).sub.3, and ZH.sub.m.sup.+m wherein Z is a base capable of accepting m protons, and various cyclic and aryl groups are disclosed as well as processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Sulfonium and oxysulfonium salts, useful as photoinitiators, have directly attached to the sulfur atom thereof:at least one aromatic or heterocyclic aromatic substituent containing at least 14 aromatic atoms and having a removable positive hydrogen ion, said substituent exhibiting a higher energy occupied molecular orbital than at least one other substituent directly attached to said sulfur atom;and at least one substituent comprising an electron withdrawing group and exhibiting a lower energy unoccupied molecular orbital than at least one other substituent directly attached to said sulfur atom;said salt being capable, upon exposure to visible radiation, of undergoing irreversible intramolecular rearrangement to form a Bronsted acid comprising the anion of said salt and said removable positive hydrogen ion.

Abstract: Neutral single-source molecular organic precursors containing tetradentate tripodal chelating ligands are provided that are useful for the preparation of films using chemical vapor deposition. These complexes can be generally represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein "M" is selected from the group consisting of a lanthanide, an actinide, a Group IIIA metal, a Group IIIA metalloid, a Group IVA metal, a Group IVA metalloid, a Group VA metal, a Group VA metalloid, a Group IIIB metal, a Group IVB metal, a Group VB metal, a Group VIB metal, a Group VIIB metal, and a Group VIIIB metal. The ligand "Z" can be present or absent, i.e., k=0-1, and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halide, and a group bonded to "M" through N, O, P, S, As, Si, or C. In the tetradentate tripodal chelating ligand "E.sub.c " is N, P, or As, and m=0-1. When "E.sub.t " is N, P, or As, m=1, and when "E.sub.t " is O, S, or Se, m=0. Each "R.sup.1 " is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclic organometallic compounds which are intramolecularly stabilized and also to their use to produce thin films and epitaxial layers by gas-phase deposition.

Abstract: Dialkylaluminum chloride produced as a co-product in the reaction of a trialkylaluminum with zinc chloride or metallic zinc and an alkyl halide, to produce a dialkylzinc, is purified from contaminants containing zinc by contacting it with a dialkylaluminum hydride, followed by distillation.

Abstract: Dialkylaluminum chloride produced as a co-product in the reaction of a trialkylaluminum with zinc chloride or metallic zinc and an alkyl halide, to produce a dialkylzinc, is purified from contaminants containing zinc by contacting it with an alkylaluminum sesquihalide, followed by distillation.

Abstract: The novel metallocenes of the formula I in which, preferably, M1 is Zr or Hf, R1 and R2 are alkyl or halogen, R3 and R4 are hydrogen, R5 and R6 are alkyl or haloalkyl, —(CR8R9)m—R7—(CR8R9)n— is a single- or multi-membered chain in which R7 may also be a (substituted) hetero atom, m+n is zero or 1, and R10 is hydrogen, form, together with aluminoxanes as cocatalysts, a very effective catalyst system for the preparation of polyolefins of high stereospecificity and high melting point.