Abstract: A hydrosilylation method is provided. In this hydrosilylation method, silylation of the carbon atom other than the terminal carbon atom and generation of the by-product isomer by internal migration of the double bond are suppressed without sacrificing the hydrosilylation reactivity, even if an olefin compound having tertiary amine atom which can be a catalyst poison was used. In the hydrosilylation, an olefin compound having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, and a compound having hydrogensilyl group are reacted in the presence of an acid amide compound, a nitrile compound and an aromatic hydroxyl compound, or an organoamine salt compound, by using catalytic action of platinum and/or its complex compound.

Abstract: Provided are a coating composition for low refractive layer including fluorine-containing compound of the following Chemical Formula 1, an anti-reflection film using the same, and a polarizer and an image display device including the same, wherein the fluorine-containing compound of the following Chemical Formula 1 has a low refractive index of 1.28 to 1.40, thereby making it possible to easily adjust a refractive index of the anti-reflection film and be usefully used as a coating material of the anti-reflection film having an excellent mechanical property such as durability, or the like.

Abstract: An improved industrial method for the direct synthesis of alkylhalogenosilanes is described. Specifically, a method is described for preparing alkylhalogenosilanes by reacting, in a fluidizedbed reactor, and alkyl halogenide, preferably CH3Cl, with a solid body, which is referred to as a contact body and which includes powdered silicon and a catalytic system including at least one copper catalyst and ?1 and ?2 promoter activities.

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane, the method comprising the following separate and consecutive steps: (a) treating a metal catalyst comprising a metal selected from the groups consisting of i) gold, ii) gold and copper, iii) gold, copper and magnesium, iv) copper, rhodium and gold, v) copper, rhodium, and rhenium, vi) rhenium and palladium, vii) copper, and viii) copper and magnesium with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and an organotrihalosilane at a temperature from 500 to 1400° C. to form a silicon-containing metal intermediate; and (b) reacting the silicon-containing metal intermediate with an organohalide according to the formula RX, wherein R is C1-C10 hydrocarbyl and X is halo, at a temperature from 100 to 600° C. to form a diorganodihalosilane and a depleted silicon-containing metal intermediate.

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane comprising the separate and consecutive steps of (i) contacting a copper catalyst with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide at a temperature of from 500 to 1400° C. to form a silicon-containing copper catalyst comprising at least 0.1% (w/w) of silicon, wherein the copper catalyst is selected from copper and a mixture comprising copper and at least one element selected from gold, magnesium, calcium, cesium, tin, and sulfur; and (ii) contacting the silicon-containing copper catalyst with an organohalide at a temperature of from 100 to 600° C. to form at least one diorganodihalosilane.

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane comprising the separate and consecutive steps of (i) contacting a copper catalyst with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide at a temperature of from 500 to 1400° C. to form a silicon-containing copper catalyst comprising at least 0.1% (w/w) of silicon, wherein the copper catalyst is selected from copper and a mixture comprising copper and at least one element selected from gold, magnesium, calcium, cesium, tin, and sulfur; and (ii) contacting the silicon-containing copper catalyst with an organohalide at a temperature of from 100 to 600° C. to form at least one diorganodihalosilane.

Abstract: A process for preparing organohalosilanes comprising combining hydrogen, a halosilane having the formula HaSiX4-a (I) and an organohalide having the formula RX (II), wherein R is C1-C10 alkyl or C4-C10 cycloalkyl, each X is independently halo, and the subscript a is 0, 1, or 2, in the presence of a sufficient amount of a catalyst effective in enabling the replacement of one or more of the halo groups of the halosilane with the R group from the organohalide, at a temperature from 200 to 800° C., to form an organohalosilane and a hydrogen halide, wherein the volumetric ratio of hydrogen to halosilane is from 1:3 to 1:0.001 and the volumetric ratio of hydrogen to organohalide is from 1:1 to 1:0.001, and wherein the catalyst is optionally treated with the hydrogen or the halosilane prior to the combining.

Abstract: A reaction product is formed utilizing a method that includes the step of combining a metal silicide and an aliphatic hydrocarbyl halide at a temperature of from 200° C. to 600° C. The aliphatic hydrocarbyl halide has the formula HaCbXc, wherein a is 0 or more, b is 1 or more, c is one or more, and X is halo. The method allows the reaction product to be formed in a predictable and controlled manner. Moreover, the components used in this method can be easily recycled and/or re-used in other processes.

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane, the method comprising the following separate and consecutive steps: (i) treating a preformed metal silicide with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide at a temperature from 300 to 1400° C. to form a treated metal silicide, wherein the preformed metal silicide comprises a metal selected from at least one of Ni, Pd, or Pt; and (ii) reacting the treated metal silicide with an organohalide according to the formula RX at a temperature from 250 to 700° C. to form a diorganodihalosilane, wherein R is C1-C10 hydrocarbyl and X is halo.

Abstract: A process for producing functionalized carbon nanotubes, which can organically modify carbon nanotubes with high efficiency, and in particular, can introduce different organic groups into carbon nanotubes with high efficiency through a series of chemical reactions, is provided. Carbon nanotubes are allowed to react with at least one reagent selected from a silyl-substituted organometallic compound and an organometallic compound to obtain a functionalized carbon nanotube reductant, and this functionalized carbon nanotube reductant is then allowed to react with at least one reagent selected from a silyl halide compound and an organohalogen compound to obtain functionalized carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating a composition containing silicon compounds, especially organosilanes and/or inorganic silanes, and at least one extraneous metal and/or a compound containing extraneous metal, wherein the composition is contacted with at least one adsorbent and/or a first filter and then a composition in which the content of the extraneous metal and/or of the compound containing extraneous metal has been reduced is obtained. The invention further relates to the use of organic resins, activated carbon, silicates and/or zeolites and/or else of at least one filter with small pore sizes to reduce the level of the compounds mentioned.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method of producing organohalohydrosilanes by treating a silicon metal with a halogen-containing compound, wherein the halogen-containing compound has a formula selected from RdSiX4-d (II) and RX (III), combining a catalyst and a promoter with the treated silicon metal, and contacting the combination with hydrogen gas and an organohalide. The invention also pertains to a method of producing organohalohydrosilanes by contacting an organohalide and hydrogen gas with a combination of silicon metal, a catalyst, a promoter and a hydrogen storage material. The invention also pertains to a method of producing organohalohydrosilanes by contacting an organohalide and hydrogen gas with a combination of a silicon metal, a catalyst, a promoter and a hydrogenation catalyst. The invention also pertains to a method of producing organohalohydrosilanes by contacting an organohalide and hydrogen gas with a reaction mass residue and optionally a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing silane that use electrolysis to regenerate reactive components therein are disclosed. The methods and systems may be substantially closed-loop with respect to halogen, an alkali or alkaline earth metal and/or hydrogen.

Abstract: A method of preparing organohalosilanes comprising combining an organohalide having the formula RX (I), wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and X is fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, with a contact mass comprising at least 2% (w/w) of a palladium suicide of the formula PdxSiy (II), wherein x is an integer from 1 to 5 and y is 1 to 8, or a platinum suicide of formula Pt2Si (III), wherein z is 1 or 2, in a reactor at a temperature from 250 to 700° C. to form an organohalosilane.

Abstract: Methods for producing trichlorosilane, including: reacting a tetrachlorosilane containing substance with hydrogen at a temperature of 400° C. to 1,200° C. to obtain a mixture including silane, monochlorosilane, dichlorosilane, and trichlorosilane; removing impurities which are electrically active in a semiconductor crystal from the mixture; separating the trichlorosilane from the silane, monochlorosilane and dichlorosilane to obtain purified trichlorosilane; and circulating the silane, monochlorosilane and dichlorosilane obtained from the separating step into the reacting step.

Abstract: A semi-continuous process for producing organohalosilanes or halosilanes in a fluidised bed reactor, from silicon-containing contact mass, comprising removing silicon-containing contact mass that has been used in said reactor by: (i) elutriation in an unreacted organohalide or hydrogen halide stream and/or an organohalosilane or halosilane product stream and (ii) direct removal using gravitational or pressure differential methods and returning removed silicon-containing contact mass to the fluidised bed reactor and/or fresh silicon-containing contact mass. When used for producing organohalosilanes (e.g. alkylhalosilanes) the silicon-containing contact mass may contain catalysts and promoters in addition to silicon.

Abstract: Process for preparing alkylhalosilanes are provided. The process involve reacting an alkyl halide with a solid body formed of silicon and a catalytic system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an omega-haloalkyl dialkylhalosilane by means of a hydrosilylation reaction in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a hydrosilylation catalyst containing a platinum group metal. The catalytic metal is recovered by (i) subjecting the distillation residue to controlled hydrolysis to release the gaseous H-Hal haloacid, and providing an aqueous medium containing the catalytic metal with a low hydrolysable halide content Si-Hal=2%, expressed by weight of Hal, then (2i) recovering the platinum group catalytic metal from said aqueous medium by means of one of the conventional techniques specific to catalyst manufacturers that do not use a solid adsorbent and operate in ordinary facilities that do not have to be acid-resistant.

Abstract: A by-product mixture produced when polycrystalline silicon is deposited on a base material in a CVD reactor is made to react with chlorine to form a tetrachlorosilane (STC) effluent in a chlorination reaction vessel, and the tetrachlorosilane (STC) distillate is made to react with hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction vessel to be converted into trichlorosilane (TCS). In the chlorination step, poly-silane contained in the above described by-product mixture can be efficiently recycled as a raw material for producing the polycrystalline silicon, which can enhance a yield of the production process. In addition, in the chlorination step, methyl chlorosilanes having boiling points close to TCS are hyper-chlorinated to be converted into hyper-chlorinated methyl chlorosilanes having higher boiling points, which facilitates the hyper-chlorinated methyl chlorosilanes to be separated into high concentration, and reduces carbon contamination of the polycrystalline silicon.

Abstract: A by-product mixture produced in a process for producing polycrystalline silicon is made to react with chlorine to form tetrachlorosilane (STC) distillate in a chlorination reaction vessel, and the tetrachlorosilane (STC) distillate is made to react with hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction vessel to be converted into trichlorosilane (TCS). In the chlorination step, methyl chlorosilanes having boiling points close to TCS are hyper-chlorinated to be converted into hyper-chlorinated methyl chlorosilanes having higher boiling points, which facilitates the hyper-chlorinated methyl chlorosilanes to be separated into high concentration, and inhibits carbon from contaminating the polycrystalline silicon. A donor/acceptor eliminator is provided in the circulation cycle for producing TCS, and accordingly there is no need to take out a by-product produced in the process for producing TCS to the outside of the system, which can highly purify the TCS.

Abstract: The invention relates to continuous processes for making cyclic dimethylsiloxane oligomers by reacting in situ methyl bromide, dimethyl ether and activated silicon particles in a direct process reaction zone to produce methylsiloxanes, wherein the proportion of dimethylsiloxane produced in said reaction zone is greater than 75 mole % of the methylsiloxanes produced and recovering the dimethylsiloxane from the reactions zone. The invention favors making cyclic dimethylsiloxane oligomers by this in situ direct reaction.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of alkylhalosilanes by reaction of an alkyl halide, preferably CH3Cl, with a solid body, referred to as contact body, formed of silicon and of a catalytic system comprising (?) a copper catalyst and (?) a group of promoting additives comprising: an additive ?1 chosen from metallic zinc, a zinc-based compound and a mixture of these entities, an additive ?2 chosen from tin, a tin-based compound and a mixture of these entities, optionally an additive ?3 chosen from cesium, potassium, rubidium, a compound derived from these metals and a mixture of these entities, said direct synthesis process being characterized by the following points, taken in combination: the copper catalyst (?) is in the form of metallic copper. of a copper halide or of a mixture of these entities, the contact body additionally includes a supplementary promoting additive ?4 chosen from a derivative of an acid of phosphorus and a mixture of these entities.

Abstract: Chemical grade silicon metalloid having improved performance in the direct process for making organohalosilanes is selected by (A) measuring the temperature of each batch of silicon metalloid during both the refining and the casting of the silicon metalloid; (B) measuring the elemental impurity levels in each batch of the silicon metalloid after refining of the silicon metalloid; (C) predicting the properties of the slag phase produced during refining of the silicon metalloid based on equilibrium calculations using the elemental impurity levels and the measured temperatures of each batch of silicon metalloid; and (D) selecting a chemical grade silicon metalloid for use in the direct process for making organohalosilanes based upon the predicted slag properties; such that the slag density, the viscosity, and the melting point of the slag, are within acceptable and predetermined ranges for each individual batch.

Abstract: Intermediates useful in the preparation of the antiviral agent entecavir are disclosed. A resin adsorption process for the isolation and purification of entecavir is also disclosed. Various processes useful in the preparation of entecavir are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a haloalkyldialkylchlorosilane is provided, wherein at the end of a hydrosilylation reaction, the product is recovered and iridium is recovered, the iridium being found in its original form of catalyst or in a converted form, the recovery of the iridium taking place under the following conditions a), b) and c): a) the recovery of the iridium is carried out: 1. either directly on the reaction medium at the end of the reaction, 2. or on the liquid distillation residue, including the byproducts and the iridium or its derivatives, as is obtained after distillation of the reaction medium in order to separate therefrom the product of formula (I), b) the iridium is recovered by bringing the reaction medium or the distillation residue into contact with an effective amount of carbon black which adsorbs the iridium, and c) the carbon black is separated from the iridium for the purpose of recovering the iridium.

Abstract: The invention relates to continuous processes for making cyclic dimethylsiloxane oligomers by reacting in situ methyl bromide, dimethyl ether and activated silicon particles in a direct process reaction zone to produce methylsiloxanes, wherein the proportion of dimethylsiloxane produced in said reaction zone is greater than 75 mole % of the methylsiloxanes produced and recovering the dimethylsiloxane from the reactions zone. The invention favors making cyclic dimethylsiloxane oligomers by this in situ direct reaction.

Abstract: The alkylhalosilanes are directly synthesized while diminishing the formation of coke by reacting an alkyl halide with silicon in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (?) a copper metal or a copper-based compound catalyst and (?) a catalyst promoter intermixture therefor which comprises an effective minor amount of an additive ?1 selected from the group consisting of tin, a tin-based compound and mixture thereof, optionally, an effective minor amount of an additive ?2 selected from the group consisting of zinc metal, a zinc-based compound and mixture thereof, an effective minor amount of an additive ?3 selected from the group consisting of cesium, potassium and rubidium, and compound and mixture thereof, and, optionally, an effective minor amount of an additive ?4 selected from the group consisting of the element phosphorus, a phosphorus-based compound and mixture thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing organosilanes of the general formula 1 R3Si—R?,??(1) in which hydrosilanes of the general formula 2 R3Si—H??(2) are reacted with halohydrocarbons of the general formula 3 R?—X??(3) where R are monovalent C1–C18 hydrocarbon radicals, hydrogen or halogen, R? are monovalent C1–C18 hydrocarbon radicals and X is halogen, in the presence of a free-radical initiator which is selected from alkanes, diazenes and organodisilanes.

Abstract: The alkylhalosilanes are directly synthesized by reacting an alkyl halide with silicon in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (?) a copper metal or a copper-based compound catalyst and (?) a catalyst promoter intermixture therefor which comprises an effective minor amount of an additive ?1 selected from the group consisting of tin, a tin-based compound and mixture thereof, an effective minor amount of an additive ?2 selected from the group consisting of cesium, potassium and rubidium, and compound and mixture thereof, and an effective minor amount of an additive ?3 selected from the group consisting of the element phosphorus, a phosphorus-based compound and mixture thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition comprising silicon, copper catalyst and a total proportion of sodium and potassium of from 10 to 400 ppm.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for preparing the antiviral agent entecavir. A resin adsorption process for the isolation and purification of entecavir is also disclosed. Various intermediates useful in the preparation of entecavir are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a continuous process for preparing alkylchlorosilanes from the residues of direct synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes which comprise liquid constituents with a boiling point of at least 70° C. at 1013 hPa and may also contain solids, with hydrogen chloride, by passing the residues at a temperature not above 200° C. and hydrogen chloride at a temperature higher than the latter into a reactor so that the resultant reaction temperature is from 400° C. to 800° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of novel silicone alkoxylated esters which have terminal carboxyl groups that form salt complexes with certain amid containing cationic compounds to form very mild conditioning products suited for personal care applications like shampoos, body wash, hand wash and bath products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dimethicone copolyol phosphate ester compounds bearing a fluoro group attached through a hydrophobic ester linkage to silicon. This invention also relates a series of such products having differing amounts of water-soluble groups, silicone soluble groups and fatty soluble groups. By careful selection of the compounds so constructed, very efficient mild conditioning agents may be achieved.

Abstract: When oganohalosilanes are prepared by charging a reactor with a contact mass containing metallic silicon and a copper catalyst, and introducing an organohalide-containing gas feed into the reactor, the partial pressure of organohalide gas in the gas feed is manipulated so as to keep the temperature within the reactor substantially constant. The precise control of reactor internal temperature ensures that organohalosilanes with a higher useful silane content are produced in a safe and inexpensive manner and in high yields from the contact mass having perpetually changing reactivity.

Abstract: A method of preparing a contact mass is provided comprising reacting silicon and a cuprous chloride to form a concentrated, catalytic contact mass. Furthermore, a method for making an alkylhalosilane using the aforementioned contact mass is provided comprising effecting reaction between an alkyl halide and silicon in the presence of said concentrated contact mass to produce alkylhalosilane.

Abstract: A method for preparing alkyldichlorosilanes having a Si—H bond by directly reacting metallic silicon with a mixture of alkyl chloride and hydrogen chloride or alkyl chloride which generates hydrogen chloride at a reaction temperature in the presence of copper catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new chemical adsorbent which can form an extremely thin and transparent film in nanometer order which is fixed uniformly and firmly on a substrate, and give an alignment characteristic of high thermal stability to the thin film; as well as a liquid crystal alignment layer and a liquid crystal display device having a desirable alignment characteristic, a superior alignment control force over a liquid crystal molecule, and a superior thermal stability by using the above-mentioned chemical adsorbent. This purpose can be actualized by developing a new compound which is transparent and stable in a range of a visible ray (a wavelength from 400 nm to 700 nm), and has a photosensitivity in a range of an ultraviolet ray and a far-ultraviolet ray (a wavelength from 200 nm to 400 nm), and can form a thin film in a monolayer through a chemisorption on a substrate.

Abstract: A compound having at least one H—Si group is reacted with an unsaturated aliphatic compound in the presence of a platinum catalyst and at least one organic additive component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the chlorination of methylsilanes, which comprises reacting methylsilanes with chlorine in the presence of at least 0.1% by weight of hydrogen chloride, based on the weight of methylsilane of the formula (II), under the action of electromagnetic radiation which induces chlorination, chlorine being used in a substoichiometric amount based on the methylsilane of the formula (II), and the reaction being carried out at temperatures below the boiling point of the methylsilane of the formula (II). The invention further relates to an apparatus suitable for carrying out the chlorination of an industrial scale.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new chemical adsorbent which can form an extremely thin and transparent film in nanometer order which is fixed uniformly and firmly on a substrate, and give an alignment characteristic of high thermal stability to the thin film; as well as a liquid crystal alignment layer and a liquid crystal display device having a desirable alignment characteristic, a superior alignment control force over a liquid crystal molecule, and a superior thermal stability by using the above-mentioned chemical adsorbent. This purpose can be actualized by developing a new compound which is transparent and stable in a range of a visible ray (a wavelength from 400 nm to 700 nm), and has a photosensitivity in a range of an ultraviolet ray and a far-ultraviolet ray (a wavelength from 200 nm to 400 nm), and can form a thin film in a monolayer through a chemisorption on a substrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing silanes of the formula 1:

Abstract: When oganohalosilanes are prepared by charging a reactor with a contact mass containing a metallic silicon powder, a copper catalyst and a co-catalyst, and introducing an organohalide-containing gas into the reactor to effect the direct reaction, the catalyst and/or co-catalyst used in the contact mass is obtained by mixing particles of the catalyst and/or co-catalyst with finely divided silica, and applying shear forces to the mixture for mutually rubbing the particles, thereby producing the catalyst and/or co-catalyst having finely divided silica fused to surfaces thereof. The invention is successful in producing organohalosilanes at a significantly improved formation rate without reducing the proportion of diorganodihalosilane.

Abstract: Organohalosilanes are prepared by reacting metallic silicon with a halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a copper or copper compound catalyst and an activated aluminum, aluminum alloy or aluminum carbide promotor. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 250-400° C. in a stirred tank reactor or a fluidized bed reactor. The inventive process shortens the time required for activation in the Rochow reaction and increases the selectivity for desirable diorganodihalosilanes. The steady state is thus prolonged and conversion of the silicon enhanced, resulting in an improved reaction performance.

Abstract: Methylchlorosilanes are prepared by reacting methyl chloride with a contact catalyst which comprises silicon, copper catalyst, zinc promoters and tin promoters and/or antimony promoters, in which hydrogen chloride is added in the course of from 1% to 45% of the duration of the production campaign.

Abstract: In the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes by reacting methyl chloride with a catalyst composition which comprises silicon, copper catalyst, zinc promoters and tin promoters and/or antimony promoters, a catalyst composition is used which was activated in advance by treatment with HCl under specific activation conditions.

Abstract: A method of producing alkyl halogen silanes, more particularly methyl chlorosilanes, by reacting silicon with an alkyl halide in the presence of at least one catalyst and easily volatile or gaseous halogen-containing and/or alkoxy-containing sulphur compound and optional promoter substances.

Abstract: A process for preparing dimethyldichlorosilane by reacting chloromethane with silicon in the presence of a catalyst combination comprising the metals or compounds of the metals copper, zinc and tin and/or antimony, and chlorosilanes or chlorodisilanes as activators. The activators are fed into the reactor as a gas containing at most 15% by volume of hydrogen.

Abstract: In the production of an organochlorosilane by reaction of silicon with at least one of an alkyl or aryl chloride in the presence of a copper catalyst, the improvement which comprises employing as the silicon fine-particle silicon containing surface-bound chlorine produced by contacting fine-particle silicon in reactive form with gaseous or liquid chlorine.

Abstract: A method for making organohalosilanes is provided utilizing spent contact mass generated during the production of organohalosilanes by the direct method which has been treated in an oxygen containing atmosphere to render it non-pyrophoric in air.