Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing polyether carbonate polyols by adding alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide to an H-functional starter substance in the presence of a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst or in the presence of a metal complex catalyst based on the metals zinc and/or cobalt, wherein (?) alkylene oxide and carbon dioxide are added to an H-functional starter substance in a reactor with a total pressure (absolute) of 5 to 120 bar in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst or in the presence of a metal complex catalyst based on the metals zinc and/or cobalt, and a reaction mixture containing the polyether carbonate polyol is obtained, (?) the reaction mixture obtained in step (?) remains in the reactor or is optionally continuously transferred to a downstream reactor at a starting total pressure (absolute) of 5 to 120 bar, the content of free alkylene oxide in the reaction mixture being reduced in the course of a downstream reaction in each case, and the total pressure (absolute)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polycarbonate diol comprising a structural unit derived from a compound represented by the following formula (A) and a structural unit derived from a compound represented by the following formula (B), wherein the hydroxyl value is from 20 to 450 mg-KOH/g: HO—R1—OH??(A) HO—R2—OH??(B) the glass transition temperature of said polycarbonate diol as measured by a differential operating calorimeter is ?30° C. or less and the average carbon number of a dihydroxy compound obtained by hydrolyzing said polycarbonate diol is from 3 to 5.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing polyether ester carbonate polyols by attaching at least one alkylene oxide, at least one cyclical anhydride, and carbon dioxide to one or more H-functional starter substances in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst. The method is characterized in that (?) a suspension agent, which does not contain H-functional groups, is provided in a reactor, and (?) one or more H-functional starter substances are continuously metered into the reactor during the reaction process, and the one or more alkylene oxides, the cyclical anhydride, and optionally the carbon dioxide are metered simultaneously or sequentially.

Abstract: Methods of making reduced derivatives of hydroxymethyl furfural using metal catalysts are described. The derivatives may have tetrahydrofuran or furan nucleus with alkoxymethyl ether or ester moieties on the 5? carbon and methanol on the 2? carbon. Suitable metal catalyst include Raney nickel, a nickel catalyst with a zirconium promoter, a chromite catalyst with a barium, a palladium catalyst, such as palladium on carbon, or a ruthenium catalyst. Also provided are a new class of compounds, which are n-alkoxy hexane diols (i.e., 1,2 or 1,5 hexane diol ethers) and methods of making the same by reduction of furan or tetrahydrofuran derivatives.

Abstract: An unsaturated polycarbonate diol (A) comprising terminal hydroxyl groups, at least one repeating unit of formula (Ia) and at least one repeating unit selected from units of formula (Ib) and units of formula (II), wherein R1a is selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 acyclic alkylene group, C2-C20 ether group and C3-C20 ester group, R1b represents and C2-C20 acyclic alkenylene group, and R2 represents a C2-C20 acyclic alkenylene group; the unsaturated polycarbonate diol (A) comprising at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond; and processes of preparing such an unsaturated polycarbonate diol (A):

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols from one or more H-functional starter substances, one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of at least one double metal cyanide catalyst, wherein the cyanide-free metal salt, the metal cyanide salt or both the mentioned salts used for the preparation of the double metal cyanide catalyst contain(s) from 0.3 to 1.8 mol base equivalents (based on 1 mol of the metal cyanide salt used for the synthesis of the catalyst) of alkaline metal hydroxide, metal carbonate and/or metal oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 and R3 each independently represent an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylene group; R2 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group; and l, n and m each independently represent a natural number of 1 to 3.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising a polyether compound comprising an alkylene oxide residue and a carbonic acid ester residue.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing poly(alkylene carbonate) that has a molecular weight and polymer chain structure precisely controlled by adding a chain transfer agent composed of a compound having an alcohol or carboxylic acid functional group upon alternating copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using a catalyst composed of a trivalent metal complex compound synthesized from a quaternary ammonium salt-containing Salen type ligand, and to a polymer compound prepared thereby. According to this invention, the polymer compound having a star-shaped chain as well as the polymer having a linear chain can be prepared. The low-molecular-weight poly(alkylene carbonate) has an —OH terminal group and can be used alone as a coating agent, etc., and also in mixtures with an isocyanate compound and thus can be easily utilized to prepare polyurethane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols from one or more H-functional starter substances, one or more alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of at least one double metal cyanide catalyst, wherein the cyanide-free metal salt, the metal cyanide salt or both the mentioned salts used for the preparation of the double metal cyanide catalyst contain(s) from 0.3 to 1.8 mol base equivalents (based on 1 mol of the metal cyanide salt used for the synthesis of the catalyst) of alkaline metal hydroxide, metal carbonate and/or metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising an active ingredient whose solubility in water at 20° C. is not more than 10 g/L, and an amphiphile comprising an alkoxylated hyperbranched polycarbonate, wherein the polycarbonate comprises an alcohol which is a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional polyetherol based on a C3-C12 alkylene oxide and an alcohol which has at least three OH groups. Likewise provided is an amphiphile comprising the polycarbonate, and a process for preparing the amphiphile. The invention further relates to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing an active ingredient whose solubility in water at 20° C. is not more than 10 g/L, in aqueous solutions, and a method of controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted plant growth and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or of regulating the growth of plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the activation of double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether carbonate polyols by catalytic copolymerisation of carbon dioxide (CO2) with alkylene oxides in the presence of one or more H-functional starter substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high-quality polyurethane and polyurethane urea elastomers which exhibit unique combinations of processing characteristics, oxidation resistance, mechanical and mechanical/dynamic properties in particularly demanding applications. These polyurethane elastomers and polyurethane urea elastomers are based on novel polycarbonate polyols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyurethane, and specifically relates to a polyurethane microcellular elastomer, a method for preparing the same, and the use thereof. The polyurethane microcellular elastomer is the reaction product of (1) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting an isocyanate with a first polyol, (2) a second polyol, (3) a chain extender and (4) a catalyst, wherein the first polyol and/or second polyol comprise at least one polycarbonate polyol obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with an alkene oxide. This method of preparing polyurethane microcellular elastomer can not only reduce the demand for raw materials derived from petrochemicals, but also realize the utilization of the “greenhouse gas” carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyether carbonate polyol made by copolymerizing a starter molecule with carbon dioxide, at a pressure ranging from about 10 psia to about 2,000 psia, and an alkylene oxide, at a temperature ranging from about 50° C. to about 190° C. and in the presence of from about 0.001 wt. % to about 0.2 wt. % of a substantially non-crystalline double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst, wherein the polyol has an incorporated carbon dioxide content of from about 1 wt. % to about 40 wt. %, wherein the ratio of cyclic carbonate by-product to total carbonate is less than about 0.3 and wherein the weight percentages are based on the weight of the polyol. The inventive polyether carbonate polyols may find use in producing polyurethane foams, elastomers, coatings, sealants and adhesives with improved properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphile of the formula (I) as described hereinafter. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the amphiphile and to a composition comprising the amphiphile and a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient. It further relates to a process for producing the composition by contacting the amphiphile and the active ingredient, and to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to the use of the amphiphile in an agrochemical formulation comprising the amphiphile and a pesticide for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted vegetation and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or for regulating the growth of plants, and finally to plant propagation material comprising the amphiphile.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising an amphiphile and an active ingredient whose solubility in water at 20° C. is not more than 10 g/L. Likewise provided is an amphiphile comprising a hyperbranched polycarbonate which is joined to at least one linear or comb-type polymer, a process for preparing the amphiphile, and the use of the amphiphile in compositions comprising an active ingredient whose solubility in water at 20° C. is not more than 10 g/L.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide carboxyl group-containing polyurethanes that have small curing warpage and can give cured products having excellent electrical insulating properties and flexibility, curable compositions that contain the carboxyl group-containing polyurethane and can give cured products having good electrical insulating properties, cured products obtained from the compositions, flexible circuit boards covered with the cured products, and processes for manufacturing flexible circuit boards. The carboxyl group-containing polyurethane is obtainable from materials including a (poly)carbonate polyol (a), a polyisocyanate (b) and a carboxyl group-containing polyol (c). The (poly) carbonate polyol includes an organic residue derived from a dimer diol and an organic residue derived from a polyol having a C10-20 alicyclic structure.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure encompasses polymerization systems for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides comprising 1) a catalyst including a metal coordination compound having a permanent ligand set and at least one ligand that is a polymerization initiator, and 2) a chain transfer agent having two or more sites that can initiate polymerization. In a second aspect, the present disclosure encompasses methods for the synthesis of polycarbonate polyols using the inventive polymerization systems. In a third aspect, the present disclosure encompasses polycarbonate polyol compositions characterized in that the polymer chains have a high percentage of —OH end groups and a high percentage of carbonate linkages. The compositions are further characterized in that they contain polymer chains having an embedded polyfunctional moiety linked to a plurality of individual polycarbonate chains.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyether carbonate polyol made by copolymerizing a starter molecule with carbon dioxide, at a pressure ranging from about 10 psia to about 2,000 psia, and an alkylene oxide, at a temperature ranging from about 50° C. to about 190° C. and in the presence of from about 0.001 wt. % to about 0.2 wt. % of a substantially non-crystalline double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst, wherein the polyol has an incorporated carbon dioxide content of from about 1 wt. % to about 40 wt. %, wherein the ratio of cyclic carbonate by-product to total carbonate is less than about 0.3 and wherein the weight percentages are based on the weight of the polyol. The inventive polyether carbonate polyols may find use in producing polyurethane foams, elastomers, coatings, sealants and adhesives with improved properties.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and processes that can be used to prepare polymer-based films, particles, gels and related compositions, and processes for delivery of agents, and other uses.

Abstract: A polycarbonate diol comprising repeating units represented by the following formula (A) and a terminal hydroxy group. It is characterized in that 60-100 mol % of the repeating units represented by the formula (A) are repeating units represented by the following formula (B) or (C), the amount of the repeating units represented by the formula (B) is 10-50 mol %, excluding 50 mol %, based on the total amount of the repeating units represented by the formula (A), and the polycarbonate diol has a terminal primary OH ratio of 95-98.5%. (A) (In the formula, R represents a C2-12 divalent aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising a polyether compound comprising an alkylene oxide residue and a carbonic acid ester residue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparation of polycarbonates with weight-average molar mass MW?230,000 g/mol and with ?2% by weight content of cyclic compounds, including the following steps: (a) reaction of at least one oxirane with carbon dioxide in the presence of a metal-polycarboxylic acid compound in an aprotic, non-water-miscible solvent at a temperature of from 40 to 120° C. and at a pressure of from 1 to 100 bar, where the molar ratio of monomer to metal-polycarboxylic acid compound is ?75, (b) addition of an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid to the reaction mixture once the reaction has ended, (c) removal of the aqueous phase, (d) if appropriate, washing of the remaining organic phase with water, and (e) devolatilization and drying of the resultant slurry of the polycarbonate in the aprotic, non-water-miscible solvent, and to the polycarbonate prepared via the process, and also to the use of the polycarbonate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing flexible polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) blowing agents, wherein the component b) comprises at least one polyether carbonate polyol bi) which can be prepared by addition of carbon dioxide and alkylene oxides onto H-functional starter substances using DMC catalysts and has a functionality of at least 2, a hydroxyl number in the range from 10 to 500 mg KOH/g and a content of incorporated carbon dioxide in the form of carbonate units of at least 2% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that have antagonist activity at the S1P1 and/or S1P3 receptors. These compounds have enhanced selectivity and potency at the S1P1 and/or S1P3 receptors.

Abstract: A flame-retardant compound has a structure represented by formula (1): —X-A1(-O—CO—O—Ar1)m ??(1) wherein A1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, X represents a divalent group represented —S—, —O—, —CO—, —CN—, —CH2—, —C(CH3)2—, —CH(CH3)—, —NH—, —SO— or —SO2—; Ar1 represents a substituted or substituted phenyl group; and m represents an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: Described herein are cannabidiol prodrugs, methods of making cannabidiol prodrugs, formulations comprising cannabidiol prodrugs and methods of using cannabidiols. One embodiment described herein relates to the transdermal or topical administration of a cannabidiol prodrug for treating and preventing diseases and/or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alkyne compounds of the formula I P1—Y1-A1-Y3-(T1-B1-)m-T3-C?C-T4-(B2-T2-)n-Y4-A2-Y2—P2 ??(I) in which P1, P2 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, a polymerizable group or a group suitable for polymerization or a radical which carries a polymerizable group or a group suitable for polymerization, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 are each, independently of one another, a linking unit, B1, B2 are each, independently of one another, —C?C— or a linking group as defined for Y1 to Y4, A1, A2 are each, independently of one another, a single chemical bond or a spacer having from one to 30 carbon atoms, T1, T2, T3, T4 are each, independently of one another, a divalent saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical, and m, n are each, independently of one another, 0 or 1, with the proviso that at least one of the linking units Y3 or Y4 is a group —O—CO—O—, —O—CO—N(R)—, —(R)N—CO—O— or —(R)N—CO—N(R)—.

Abstract: Ytterbium(III) acetylacetonate is used as a catalyst for the preparation of aliphatic oligocarbonate polyols by transesterification of at least one organic carbonate with at least one aliphatic polyol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polycarbonate diol having diol monomer units and carbonate monomer units, wherein the amount of at least one diol monomer unit selected from the group consisting of a 1,5-pentanediol unit and a 1,6-hexanediol unit is from 50 to 100% by mole, based on the total molar amount of the diol monomer units, and wherein the ratio of primary hydroxyl groups in all terminal groups of the polycarbonate diol is in a specific range. Also disclosed is a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained by copolymerizing the above-mentioned polycarbonate diol and a polyisocyanate.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyurethane useful for elastomers, elastic fibers and artificial leathers contains a polyaddition product of a diisocyanate and a chain extender with a liquid polyethercarbonate diol which is a reaction product of a carbonate compound with a polyether diol having structural units (a) (—(CH2)6—O—) and at least one member of structural units (b) (—(CH2)2—O) and (c) (—CH2CH(CH3)—O—), and in which the units (b) are present in an average number (n) of moles of 0 to 5 per mole of the units (a), the units (c) are present in an average number (m) of moles of 0 to 5 per mole of the units (a), and the total average number (n+m) of moles of the units (b) and (c) is more than 1 but not more than 5, per mole of the units (a).

Abstract: This invention relates to polymeric thermoplastic moldable compositions comprising poly(alkylene carbonates), which are useful in manufacturing of articles which may be manipulated and shaped by their user, but regain their shape after distortion. These compositions are free from toxic compounds and have a glass transition temperature from about 15° C. to about 132° C. These compositions are useful in manufacturing of articles such as toys, utensils to convey solids or liquids to the mouth, soothing articles (i.e., teething rings and pacifiers) and articles which support food (i.e., candy/confection sticks or holders.) They are most useful in manufacturing of children's toys and products.

Abstract: A novel fatty polypropoxylate ester which is an ester of an aliphatic or an aromatic monoacid formed by reacting the acid with a stoichiometric excess of a polypropoxylated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a preparation process for making peroxy esters and peroxy carbonates, peroxy ester peroxy carbonates, mixed diperoxides, mixed diperoxy esters, and mixed diperoxy carbonates, and to specific monoperoxy esters, monoperoxy carbonates, mixed peroxides, mixed diperoxy esters, mixed diperoxy carbonates, peroxy ester peroxy carbonates, and mixtures thereof. The process involves the reaction of a type-3 ketone peroxide with a reactive carbonyl compound and optional subsequent reaction with an alkyl vinyl ether, acetal, halogen formate, or carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Provided are compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: Amidomethyl esters, carbonylmercaptomethyl esters, keto-containing esters, amidomethyl thioesters, amidomethyl amides, and methylene dithioesters are disclosed. The novel compounds have two carbonyl groups connected by a linking moiety having an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen attached to a methylene group, to which is further attached a sulfur, nitrogen or CH2 group. Methods of treating illnesses and conditions, such as cancer, hemological disorders, inherited metabolic disorders and others, using these compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making a vinyl carbonate represented by the formula (I):

Abstract: The carbonates of formula I deliver aldehydes and/or ketones in the presence of skin bacteria, enzymes or acidic or alkaline conditions. One carbonate molecule can provide one or more different compounds.

Abstract: Novel monomers of the general formula ##STR1## where b is 0 or 1, a is 1, 2, 3 or 4, R.sup.2 is a monovalent alkyl radical and R is an organic radical. The novel monomers may be employed to produce novel copolymers useful as hydrogel, soft non-hydrogel and/or rigid gas permeable contact lens materials.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions which are useful for the treatment of cancer or illnesses which arise due to an abnormally elevated cell proliferation comprise acyl derivatives of aromatic aldehydes, especially arylidene diesters and .alpha.-alkoxyarylidene esters of general formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a curing catalyst comprising at least one compound which is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic compound and having any one of groups (I) --O--R.sub.1, (II) --O--CY--R.sub.1, or (III) --O--CY--X--R.sub.1, the groups being directly bonded to the armoatic or heteroaromatic ring, in a number of 1 to 10 wherein R.sub.1 may be the same or different and is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X is O or NH and Y is O or S. Furthermore, an epoxy resin composition comprising the curing catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel non-ionic contrast media are provided, which fulfill the requirements for x-ray visualization media, while being biodegradable. The compounds are characterized by being triiodo-3,5-diaminobenzoic acid derivatives, where the functional groups are derivatized with hydroxyalkyl groups and the amino functionalities are further derivatized with acyl substituents of one carbon acids. Also, triiodophloroglucinol oxyalkyl substituted derivatives are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to amphiphilic compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## which have at least two hydrophilic and at least two hydrophobic groups and are based on carbonic acid derivatives.The spacer A is an aliphatic, cyclic or acyclic or an aromatic di-, oligo- or polycarbonate of the formula II: ##STR2## The amphiphilic compounds according to this invention are mostly surface-active and are suitable as emulsifiers, demulsifiers, detergents, dispersants and hydrotropes for industrial and domestic use, in particular in the fields of metalworking, ore extraction, surface finishing, plastics processing, washing and cleaning, cleaning of hard surfaces, manual dishwashing compositions, cosmetics, medicine and food processing and preparation.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethereal compounds having polycarbonate structure, and general formula: ##STR1## wherein c is an integer comprised between 0 and 10, preferably between 0 and 3,n is an integer from 2 to 1,000, extremes included,Rf is a poly-fluorooxyalkylenic chain, having number average molecular weight (Mn) comprised between 500 and 10,000.

Abstract: The present invention relates to anionic compounds and their application in detergent compositions. The compounds have the dual benefits of surfactancy and suds suppression.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a curing catalyst comprising at least one compound which is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic compound and having any one of groups (I) --O--R.sub.1, (II) --O--CY--R.sub.1, or (III) --O--CY--X--R.sub.1, the groups being directly bonded to the armoatic or heteroaromatic ring, in a number of 1 to 10 wherein R.sub.1 may be the same or different and is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X is O or NH and Y is O or S. Furthermore, an epoxy resin composition comprising the curing catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract: The oligomers of the present invention are polyureas, polycarbonates, polyesters or polyamides having a number average molecular weight of <10,000. These oligomers are water-soluble, have a rigid backbone with a predictable anion spacing, and are pharmaceutically-acceptable. The oligomers are useful for the treatment and/or diagnosis of HSV and HCMV.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which A is oxygen, sulfur or --NR.sub.1 --;B is C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene,D-E is --O--E, --S--E, --O--CH.sub.2 --E, --O--C(.dbd.O)--E, --O--C(.dbd.O)--O--E, --O--C(.dbd.O)--N(H)--E or --O--C(.dbd.S)--N(H)--E;E is phenyl; phenyl which is substituted by one to three substituents; a five-membered aromatic heterocycle having one to three hetero atoms; a five-membered aromatic heterocycle which has one to three hetero atoms and which is substituted by one or two substituents; a six-membered aromatic heterocycle which has one to three nitrogen atoms; or a six-membered aromatic heterocycle which has one to three nitrogen atoms and which is substituted by one or two substituents;L is halogen or methyl;X is fluorine;Y is chlorine or fluorine;Z is hydrogen, fluorine or methyl;m is the number zero, one, two, three, four or five;n is the number zero, one or two andR.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides lubricant oil compositions comprising a polyalkylene glycol carbonate. The lubricant oil compositions are useful for industrial gear oil, automotive gear oil, and lubricant oil for refrigerators, rolling installations and fibers, which are excellent in lubricating properties and detergency. The present invention also relates to lubricant oil compositions which comprise a polyalkylene glycol polycarbonate having mutual solubility with an ozone layer-nondestructive Freon such as Freon R-134a, and which are accordingly especially suited for refrigerators using hydrogenated fluorocarbon as a refrigerant. A polyalkylene glycol carbonate according to the invention comprises a polyoxypropylene group in the molecular chain and an alkyl group and an alkyloxyalkylene group at the molecular terminals.