Four Or More (x=)n(=x)-x- Groups Containing Patents (Class 558/485)
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Patent number: 8658818Abstract: Methods of forming a nitrate ester include combining at least one nitrate salt and sulfuric acid to form a nitrating solution and adding an aliphatic polyol to the nitrating solution. Nitrate esters formed by this method may be, for example, triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), diglycerol tetranitrate (DGTN), 1,1,1-tris(methylol)ethane trinitrate (TMETN), 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), nitroglycerin (NG), diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN), ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN), metriol trinitrate (MTN), nitrocellulose (NC), or 1,2-propanediol dinitrate (PDDN).Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2010Date of Patent: February 25, 2014Assignee: Alliant Techsystems Inc.Inventors: Nicholas A. Straessler, Alexander J. Paraskos, Michael P. Kramer
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Patent number: 8609880Abstract: A process for the preparation of an energetic nitrate ester compound and related intermediates is provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 2012Date of Patent: December 17, 2013Inventors: David E. Chavez, Darren L. Naud, Michael A. Hiskey
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Patent number: 8324421Abstract: Preparation of an energetic nitrate ester compound and related intermediates is provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2009Date of Patent: December 4, 2012Assignee: U.S. Department of EnergyInventors: David E. Chavez, Darren L. Naud, Michael A. Hiskey
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Publication number: 20120232257Abstract: The invention relates to a nitration method having the following principles: a phosgene species is converted with two equivalent silver nitrates into a double-mixed anhydride of carbonic acid and nitric acid, known here as carbonic acid dinitrate (I). Said operation is carried out in situ, and the formed dinitrate decomposes spontaneously. In addition to carbon dioxide, nitrate ions and nitronium ions are formed, said ions comprising electrophiles which are necessary for nitration. The solution which is used is acetonitrile, and is insignificant if the alcohol species is dissolved or suspended. The necessary equivalent silver nitrates are introduced into the system and optionally heated or cooled to the desired temperature. Subsequently, the acid chloride is introduced slowly, drop by drop or slowly little by little. Phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene and chloroformic acid ester can be used as carbonic acid dichloride and monochloride, and their thiocarbonic acid analogues.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 4, 2010Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: SYNOVO GMBHInventor: Nikolas Pietrzik
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Publication number: 20120108838Abstract: Preparation of an energetic nitrate ester compound and related intermediates is provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 24, 2009Publication date: May 3, 2012Applicant: US Department of EnergyInventors: David E. Chavez, Darren L. Naud, Michael A. Hiskey
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Publication number: 20080050795Abstract: A mixture of isolated or synthetic affinity molecules in a liquid carrier is disclosed. The mixture comprises at least two different affinity molecules, each with affinity for a predetermined analyte, for use in a single or multi flow cell piezoelectric crystal micro balance apparatus. Each isolated or synthetic affinity molecule forms together with the predetermined analyte an interaction pair selected from the group consisting of anion-cation, antibody-antigen, receptor-ligand, enzyme-substrate, oligonucleotide-oligonucleotide with complementary sequence, oligonucleotide-protein, oligonucleotide-cell, and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomer-polynucleotide, wherein the polynucleotide may be selected from the group consisting of RNA, DNA and PNA polymers complementary to PNA oligomer. Use of the mixture for introduction into the liquid flow of a single or multi flow cell piezoelectric crystal micro balance apparatus is also described, as well as a kit containing the mixture.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 19, 2004Publication date: February 28, 2008Applicant: Biosensor Applications Sweden ABInventors: Per Mansson, Daniel Berggren, Carl Lundberg, Ann-Charlotte Hellgren, Lena Hojvall
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Patent number: 6677374Abstract: Compounds and methods for mitigating neurodegeneration, effecting neuroprotection and/or effecting cognition enhancement in a subject are described. Neurological or cognitive conditions are treated by administering to a subject an effective amount of a therapeutic compound comprising a nitrate ester, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2002Date of Patent: January 13, 2004Assignee: Queen's University at KingstonInventors: Gregory R. J. Thatcher, Brian M. Bennett, James N. Reynolds, Roland J. Boegman, Khem Jhamandas
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Patent number: 6325876Abstract: A compound has the structure of 3,3-bis(difluoroamino)-1,5-dinitratopentane and is useful in energetic materials.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2000Date of Patent: December 4, 2001Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Horst G. Adolph, Nirupam J. Trivedi
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Patent number: 5955629Abstract: Liquid nitromalonate polyesters and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Solid propellants are provided which employ as the binder a nitromalonate polyester. These propellants are resistant to plasticizer syneresis and crystallization and provide an increase in the specific impulse of the propellant.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1989Date of Patent: September 21, 1999Assignee: Cordant Technologies Inc.Inventors: J. B. Canterberry, W. H. Graham
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Patent number: 5892067Abstract: Synthesis of a vinyl terminated polymer by reacting a cationically polymeable monomer in the form of a cyclic ether with an acid chloride in a suitable solvent and in the presence of a Lewis acid. The vinyl-terminated polymers can be polymerized with other appropriate monomers resulting in thermoplastic elastomers having suitable properties for use as binders for explosives and propellants.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventor: Mostafa A. H. Talukder
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Patent number: 5883122Abstract: Aliphatic nitrate esters having a sulfur or phosphorus atom .beta. or .gamma. to a nitrate group and their congeners having efficacy as neuroprotective agents are described. Preferred nitrate esters may be synthesized by nitration of a 3-bromo-1,2-propanediol, and subsequent reaction to yield the desired mono-, di- or tetra-nitrate ester.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Queen's University at KingstonInventors: Gregory R. J. Thatcher, Brian M. Bennett, James N. Reynolds, Roland J. Boegman, Khem Jhamandas
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Patent number: 5807847Abstract: Aliphatic Nitrate esters having a sulfur or phosphorus atom .beta. or .gamma. to a nitrate group having efficacy as vasodilators are described. Preferred nitrate esters may be synthesized by nitration of a 3-bromo-1,2-propanediol, and subsequent reaction to yield the desired mono, di or tetra nitrate ester.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1996Date of Patent: September 15, 1998Assignee: Queen's University at KingstonInventors: Gregory R. J. Thatcher, Brian M. Bennett
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Patent number: 5313000Abstract: This invention relates to the production of hydroxy-terminated polymers in the 2,000-20,000 MW range suitable for use as prepolymers in curing reactions with isocyanates to produce elastomers. The process involves the continuous addition over periods of 25-50 hours of an oxirane (monoepoxide) or a mixture of an oxirane and an oxetane to a reaction mixture, consisting of stoichiometric excesses of oxonium ion-forming catalyst such as BF.sub.3 -etherate and a diol initiator dissolved in an inert solvent. Under these conditions, chain extension of the diol occurs and the formation of cyclic oligomers and other impurities is minimised. The mole ratio of the initiator to catalyst is maintained at above 10:1 to suppress the formation of cationic terminal species on the growing polymer chain.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1992Date of Patent: May 17, 1994Assignee: The Secretary of State for Defence in her Britannic Majesty's Government of the U.K. of Britain and Northern IrelandInventor: Malcolm J. Stewart
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Patent number: 5089652Abstract: The process of the present invention provides a method of obtaining a high yield of water or acid soluble nitrate esters without the use of organic solvents in the nitration reaction or the production of unstable products or by-products. The process involves the nitration of an organic hydroxy-containing compound with a suitable nitrating agent such as nitric acid in the absence of organic solvents in the nitration reaction. The reaction mixture is neutralized, causing the nitrate esters to precipitate or separate from the neutralized nitrate solution. The nitrate ester is then recovered, and any dissolved nitrate salts can be removed therefrom by gentle washing with water or a dilute halide solution. As provided by the process of the present invention, no organic solvents are used in the nitration reaction and average yields range from about 80% to about 95%.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1990Date of Patent: February 18, 1992Assignee: Atlas Powder CompanyInventors: Joseph A. Sohara, Randal A. Johnson, William E. Gorton
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Patent number: 4985584Abstract: A process for the production of a high energy nitrate ester involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound, selected from oxiranes, oxetanes, N-substituted aziridines and N-substituted azetidines, with either N.sub.2 O.sub.4 or N.sub.2 O.sub.5, and when the compound is reacted with N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N-nitrate substituents or substituent in the product to O- or N-nitrate substituent or substituents. The remaining ring carbon atoms on the heterocyclic compound may be substituted or unsubstituted. Preferred substituent groups for the C and/or N ring atoms on the compound include alkyl, cyanoalkyl, haloalkyl, nitroalkyl, and substituted aryl.Several novel nitrate ester are also provided, including nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by vicinal nitrate ester (--ONO.sub.2) groups.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1986Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: Secretary of State for DefenceInventors: Ross W. Millar, Norman C. Paul, David H. Richards
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Patent number: 4820859Abstract: A process for the production of a high energy material involves reacting, in an inert organic solvent, a heterocyclic compound selected from oxirane, aziridine, oxetane or azetidine with a nitrogen oxide selected from dinitrogen tetroxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.4) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N.sub.2 O.sub.5) and, when the nitrogen oxide is N.sub.2 O.sub.4, oxidizing the O- or N- nitroso substituent or substituents in the product obtained to O- or N- nitro substituent or substituents. The heterocyclic compounds may be substituents or unsubstituted. In the former case the preferred substituents groups are halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, nitro and epoxy (as in epoxidized polybutadiene). The solvent is preferably a chlorinated alkane.Novel nitrated derivatives of polybutadiene, in which between 1% and 25% of the carbon atoms in the polymer are substituted by nitrate (ONO.sub.2), are also provided. These novel materials are liquid rubbers when the polybutadiene starting material has a molecular weight between 2000 and 10000.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1985Date of Patent: April 11, 1989Assignee: Secretary of State for Defence in Her Majesty's Government of the United KingdomInventors: Ross W. Millar, Norman C. Paul, David H. Richards