Abstract: There are described novel trans-2-acylaminocyclohexyloxyacyldipeptides of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents --CO--R.sub.6, --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.7 or ##STR2## R.sub.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkoxy, R.sub.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or an optionally substituted phenyl group,Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.S or .dbd.NH;R.sub.2 =R.sub.3 and represent --H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl,R.sub.4 represents --OR.sub.8 or --NHR.sub.9,R.sub.8 is --H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.9 is --H, a straight or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl group or benzyl group;R.sub.5 represents --OR.sub.9 or --NHR.sub.9,and novel (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-trans-2-acylaminocyclohexyloxyacetyldipeptides of the formulas Ia and Ib ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is --CO--R.sub.6, R.sub.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl,R.sub.2 is --H,R.sub.3 is --H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl,R.sub.4 is --OR.sub.8 or --NHR.sub.9,R.sub.8 is --H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.9 is --H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or benzyl,R.sub.5 is --OR.

Abstract: Processes, intermediates, and products involved in preparing cyclohexanediones of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed. An aldehyde of the formula R--CHO is reacted with a ketene type compound of the formula (R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)C.dbd.C.dbd.O at a temperature below about 110.degree. C. to give a polymer having the repeating unit ##STR2## wherein n ranges from about 2 to about 1,000. The polymer is hydrolyzed with alcoholic or aqueous base to produce a mixture of an unsaturated acid of the formula R--CH.dbd.C(R.sub.1)--COOH and a hydroxy ester or acid of the formula R--CH(OH)C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)--COOR.sub.3, the mixture is then contacted with an esterifying agent to convert the acids to esters. The ester mixture is contacted with a dehydrating agent to convert the hydroxy ester to unsaturated ester of the formula R--CH.dbd.C(R.sub.1)--COOR.sub.3.

Abstract: A method for racemizing an optically active carboxylic acid, or ester thereof, of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl; R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are different and are hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched haloalkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl substituted cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkoxy, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryloxy, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylthio, C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 cycloalkylthio, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 arylthio, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 arylcarbonyl, C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 cycloalkenyl, trifluoromethyl, halo, C.sub.4 to C.sub.5 heteroaryl, C.sub.10 to C.sub.14 aryl, or biphenyl unsubstituted or substituted with methyl or halo, comprising heating said optically active carboxylic acid or ester thereof in the presence of water at a temperature of from about 75.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A 1,3,2-dioxathiolane oxide derivative is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents --S(O)-- or --S(O).sub.2 --;R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, a benzyl group, or a lower alkyl group;R.sup.2 represents a lower alkyl group which may be substituted with a methylthio group, or a benzyl group, andR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be the same or different and independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having one to ten carbon atoms, a lower alkyl group substituted with a guanidyl group, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, or a phenethyl group, or together form an alkylene group.

Abstract: Perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) compositions are provided. These compositions comprise perfluoro(cycloaliphatic methyleneoxyalkylene) carbonyl fluoride compounds having (a) a perfluorocycloaliphatic moiety which can have up to two perfluoroalkyl substituents and a perfluoroalkylene substituent, and (b) a perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride radical, the methylene group of the radical being bonded to a ring carbon atom or the perfluoroalkylene substituent of the moiety and the alkylene group of the perfluoromethyleneoxyalkylene carbonyl fluoride being a perfluoro(methyl)methylene group, a perfluoroisopropyleneoxy(methyl)methylene group, or a poly(perfluoroisopropyleneoxy)perfluoro(methyl)methylene group having up to about 10 perfluoroisopropyleneoxy units.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of N,N-disubstituted mono- and oligourethanes by the reaction of N-aromatically, N-aliphatically, N-cycloaliphatically, and N-araliphatically substituted mono- and oligourethanes with dialkyl carbonates in the presence of at least stoichiometrically equivalent quantities of solid alkali or alkaline-earth carbonate in excess dialkyl carbonate and/or an aprotic organic solvent and in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A process for production of fluorinated sulfones from fluorinated organic sulfides by oxidation of the sulfides with an oxidizing reagent made from fluorine, water and acetonitrile. The sulfones are useful as second order nonlinear optical dyes.

Abstract: Unsaturated cyclohexylacetic acid derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where U is.dbd.NOCH.sub.3, .dbd.CHOCH.sub.3, .dbd.CH.sub.2, .dbd.CH--CH.sub.3, .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, .dbd.N--NH--CH.sub.3 or .dbd.CH--S--CH.sub.3,n is from 0 to 10,A is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl, andX is a single bond when n is 0, and oxygen, sulfur or a single bond when n is not 0, and the plant-compatible acid addition products and base addition products thereof, and fungicides and insecticides containing these compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel lipophilic polyamines of formula I, the method of using these compounds to treat hypercholesterolemia, and intermediates thereto.Z.sub.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Y.sub.1 --X.sub.1 --R.sub.

Abstract: Oxalylhydroxamic acid derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --ON(R.sup.2)--CO--CO--X--R.sup.3 I,where the substituents have the following meanings:X is oxygen or sulfur;R.sup.1 issubstituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or cycloalkylmethyl;substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl;R.sup.3 issubstituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl;substituted or unsubstituted phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;and their agriculturally useful salts; their manufacture; growth-regulating agents containing them; and methods of regulating plant growth.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel S-nitroso derivatives of ACE inhibitors and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the S-nitrosothiol derivatives of the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.The invention also relates to methods for treating various pathophysiological conditions including acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular dysfunction without overt heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, vascular thrombosis, Raynauds syndrome, scleroderma, toxemia of pregnancy, acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, and renal artery stenosis, and to methods of inhibiting ACE and effecting vasodilation comprising administering the S-nitrosothiol derivatives of the ACE inhibitors of the invention to an animal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of halogenated carboxylic acid esters of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl, R.sub.2 hydrogen is alkyl or cycloalkyl, and R.sub.3 is halogen having an atomic number of from 9 up to and including 53, which process comprises reacting an acylal of formula II ##STR2## with a hydrogen halide of the formula H--R.sub.3 (III).

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of chlorinated carboxylic acid esters of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl and R.sub.2 hydrogen is alkyl or cycloalkyl, which process comprises reacting an acylal of formula II ##STR2## with thionyl chloride.

Abstract: An amine derivative having a liquid crystal property over a wide temperature range and a process for production thereof are disclosed, the amine derivative being represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A represents ##STR2## X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents ##STR3## Y represents --O-- or ##STR4## R.sub.1 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; m and n each represents 0 or 1; and p and q each represents 1 or 2, provided that p and q are 1 when n is 0, and p and q are not 2 at the same time when n is 1.

Abstract: 6-Fluoroshikimic acid derivatives of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydroxy or a moiety biotransformable thereto and R.sup.2 is hydrogen or --P(O)(OH).sub.2 have antibacterial, antifungal, and herbicidal activity. Their preparation and use are described as are pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl are produced by a new environmentally acceptable process.

Abstract: Pentafluorosulfanyl fluoroaliphatic carbonyl and sulfonyl fluorides, derivatives of the acid fluorides and the preparation and use of the acid fluorides and derivatives. The fluoroaliphatic moiety of said acid fluorides comprise at least three fully-fluorinated carbon atoms. The derivatives of the acid fluorides are useful as surface-active agents and surface-treating agents.

Abstract: P,P-dihydrocarbylphosphinoacetic acids are prepared by reacting an alkyl ethynyl ether (preferably ethyl ethynyl ether) and/or a haloacetaldehyde acetal (preferably bromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal) with a basic alkali metal compound (preferably lithium diisopropylamide), followed by coupling with a least one halodihydrocarbylphosphine (preferably chlorodiphenylphosphine or chlorodiethylphosphine or chlorodi(t-butyl)phosphine or chlorodicyclohexylphosphine) and subsequent hydrolysis.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a purin-9-yl group, a heterocyclic isostere of a purin-9-yl group, a pyrimidin-1-yl group or a heterocyclic isostere of a pyrimidin-1-yl group; E is hydrogen, --CH.sub.2 OH or --OH; and G and D are independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, --OH, --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.20 wherein R.sub.20 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 OC(O)R.sub.21 wherein R.sub.21 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 OC(O)CH(R.sub.22)(NHR.sub.23) wherein R.sub.22 is the side chain of any of the naturally occuring amino acids and R.sub.23 is hydrogen or --C(O)CH(R.sub.24)(NH.sub.2) wherein R.sub.24 is the side chain of any of the naturally occuring amino acids, --CH.sub.1 SH, --Ch.sub.2 Cl, --Ch.sub.2 F, --CH.sub.2 Br, --CH.sub.2 I, --C(O)H, --CH.sub.2 CN, --CH.sub.2 N.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 NR.sub.1 R.sub.2, --CO.sub.2 R.sub.1, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR.sub.20 wherein R.sub.20 is as defined above, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OC(O)R.sub.

Abstract: A new process for preparing oxalyl- and oxamyl-hydrazides which comprises contacting oxamide or diacetyloxamide with the corresponding hydrazine derivative of formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--NHR.sub.3wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic ring, and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: 3-Oxocarboxylic acid esters are produced by acylation of the magnesium enolates of acetoacetic acid esters with carboxylic acid chlorides and cleavage of the acetyl group from the acylacetoacetic acid esters formed as the intermediate product. The yields and purity of the products are considerably improved by adding a tertiary amine during the acylation.

Abstract: A process for preparing dipeptides with N-terminal non-proteinogenous amino acids of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 have the meaning stated in the description, from compounds of the formula ##STR2## is described.

Abstract: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors of formulae (I) and (II) are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting .beta.-nitro compounds, specifically alcohols, into the corresponding hydroxy amines with retention of configuration by the use of ammonium formate.

Abstract: The amides of cyclomethylen-1,2-bicarboxylic acids having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A represents ##STR2## R.sup.1 represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, ##STR3## R.sup.2 represents --H, CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5, --C.sub.6 --H.sub.5 ;R.sup.3 represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, ##STR4## R.sup.5 represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5, ##STR5## Y=--H, --CH.sub.3, --CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 Z=--H,--CH.sub.3, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.3, --CH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2, ##STR6## R.sup.4 =R.sup.5, ##STR7## m is 0 or 1 and n is an integer varying between 0 and 3, are endowed with ACE-inhibiting activity and are thus therapeutically useful as anti-hypertension agents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for making compounds such as 3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-bis (3-n-dodecylthiopropionate) which comprises reacting an alkyl thiopropionate with a glycol at temperatures between 50.degree. C. and 180.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytic amount of a dialkyl tin oxide.

Abstract: Novel compounds have the formula (I) ##STR1## where ##STR2## represents one of the divalent cyclic groups ##STR3## the letters a and b indicating in each case the points of attachment of the substituents R.sup.1 and CV(R.sup.2)-NV'R, respectively; R.sup.1 is a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.b --(A).sub.a --(CH.sub.2).sub.c --B--CH.sub.2 --CO.sub.2 R' in which A and B are each separately oxygen or sulphur, a is 0, b is 0 and c is an integer from 3 to 10, or a is 1, b is 0 or an integer from 1 to 7 and c is an integer from 2 to 9 with the sum of b and c being from 2 to 9, and CO.sub.2 R' is a carboxy group or an amide, ester or salt derivative thereof; V and V' either each separately is hydrogen or together are the second bond of a carbon-nitrogen double bond; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group substituted by an aromatic group directly or through an oxygen or sulphur atom; and R is a group --OR.sup.3, --OR.sup.4, --D--R.sup.3, --N.dbd. R.sup.5 or --NW.G.

Abstract: New compounds N-.alpha.-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-aspartic acid-.beta.-1-adamantyl esters are stable under the basic condition of the normal peptide condensation process and do not form succinimide. Peptides containing aspartic acid can be synthesized with high purity and at high yields by using N-.alpha.-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-aspartic acid-.beta.-1-adamantyl ester.

Abstract: A soil disease controlling agent for preventing and controlling diseases caused by pathogenic fungi living in soil, which comprises an effective amount of at least one of a 2-cycloalkenylamine derivative and its salts as an active ingredient, and at least one inert carrier or diluent.

Abstract: Oxime ethers of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, aryl or aryloxy, the aromatic ring being unsubstituted or substituted, or R.sup.3 is heteroaryl, adamantyl, fluorenyl or cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, these radicals being unsubstituted or substituted,X is saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted, andn is 0 or 1,and fungicides containing these compounds.

Abstract: Novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compound (II) in which Z is hydrogen are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for oxidation of a tetrahydro compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' independently are H, alkyl, aryl or halo, to a glycol of the formula ##STR2## comprises treating the tetrahydro compound with hydrogen peroxide at an elevated temperature in the absence of a catalyst.The thus-formed glycol can be further oxidized in a butanetetracarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR3## with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of a manganese salt, an iron salt, a chromium salt, a cerium salt, a persulfate, a perborate, a silicate, tungstic acid or an ammonium or alkali metal salt or heteropolyacid thereof, or molybdic acid or an ammonium or alkali metal salt or heteropolyacid thereof.

Abstract: A liquid polymerizable prepolymer having good storage stability is prepared by addition reaction of a polyene compound having a group ##STR1## (R.sub.1 =H or CH.sub.3) with a polythiol compound in the presence of a basic catalyst under such a condition that the ratio of the total number of vinyl groups to the total number of thiol groups is at least 2. The liquid polymerizable prepolymer is used alone or in combination with an aliphatic polyfunctional vinyl monomer having a refractive index of at least 1.45 for the manufacture of an optical element.

Abstract: Triol triester derivatives, notably compounds having a four- to thirty- carbon backbone to which are attached three fatty C.sub.1 or C.sub.2 to C.sub.29 ester groups in ester linkage are edible, preferably partially digestible, fat replacements for foods and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Process and intermediates for isopropyl 3S-amino-4-cyclohexyl-2R-hydroxybutyrate and 3S-amino-2R-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoate from R-malic acid. These products are of known utility in the synthesis of certain renin inhibitors.

Abstract: A series of novel spiro-substituted glutaramide derivatives have been prepared, including the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and bioprecursors therefor, wherein the spiro-substituent completes a 5- or 6-membered carbocycyclic ring and is located at the carbon atom adjacent to the carbamoyl group. These particular compounds are inhibitors of the neutral endopeptidase E.C.3.4.24.11 enzyme and are therefore useful in therapy as diuretic agents for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, renal insufficiency and other disorders. Methods for preparing these compounds from known starting materials are provided.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogues exhibiting activity at thromboxane receptor sites have been prepared.

Abstract: Compounds which are inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis (by inhibiting de novo squalene biosynthetis), and thus are useful as hypocholesterolemic agents and antiatherosclerotic agents, are provided which have the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is a metal ion, lower alkyl or H; R.sup.3 is a metal ion or lower alkyl;R is R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --O-- orR.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --OCH.sub.2 --, wherein n is 1 to 4 and m is 0 to 3, andR.sup.1 is R.sup.5 --Q.sup.1 --Q.sup.2 --Q.sup.3 -- wherein R.sup.5, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 are as defined herein.New intermediates, new methods of preparation and a method for using such compounds to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis are also provided.

Abstract: Seco-mevinic acid derivatives are provided which has the structure ##STR1## including all stereoisomers thereof, wherein Z is ##STR2## R is H, alkali metal or lower alkyl, R.sup.1 is H, lower alkyl, aryl, lower alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl or heterocyclic; R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, and X is O or NR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is H or lower alkyl, and are HMG CoA reductase inhibitors and thus are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and in treating atherosclerosis. New intermediates for preparing the above seco-mevinic acid derivatives are also provided.

Abstract: A new process for preparing oxalyl- and oxamyl-hydrazides which comprises contacting oxamide or diacetyloxamide with the corresponding hydrazine derivative of formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--NHR.sub.3wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic ring, and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and (II): ##STR1## are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

Abstract: Antihypercholesterolemic activity, due to competitive inhibition of HMG CoA reductase, has been found in compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from:(1) alkyl,(2) substituted alkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(a) halogen,(b) hydroxyl,(c) alkoxy,(d) alkoxycarbonyl,(e) acyloxy,(f) cycloalkyl,(g) phenyl,(h) substituted phenyl in which one or more substituents are X or Y,(i) alkyl-S(O).sub.n,(j) cycloalkyl-S(O).sub.n,(k) phenyl-S(O).sub.n,(l) substituted phenyl-S(O).sub.n in which one or more substituents are X or Y, and(m) oxo,(3) alkoxy,(4) alkenyl,(5) cycloalkyl,(6) substituted cycloalkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(a) alkyl,(b) substituted alkyl in which one or more substituents are selected from(i) halogen,(ii) hydroxy,(iii) alkoxy,(iv) alkoxycarbonyl(v) acyloxy(vi) phenyl(vii) substituted phenyl in which one or more substituents are X and Y,(viii) alkyl-S(O).sub.n,(ix) cycloalkyl-S(O).sub.

Abstract: New fluorinated bisaryloxy-substituted alkenes are prepared by reaction of substituted phenols with perhaloalkenes and can be used as electrical insulating agents.

Abstract: A process for production of an alkylthiobenzoate comprising reacting a cyclohexenone having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; X is alkyl or unsubstituted alkyl; and Y is hydrogen, halogen or alkyl, with a mercaptan having the formula R.sub.2 SH in which R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, preferably in the presence of an acid catalyst, to form a cyclohexadiene thioether, and dehydrogenating the thioether to produce a thioalkylbenzoate.The thioalkylbenzoate may be further converted by oxidation and/or hydrolysis to a corresponding thioalkyl, alkylsulfinyl or alkylsulfonyl benzoic acid.

Abstract: A phosphinic acid derivative represented by the general formula [I], or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl group which may be substituted; R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 may be identical or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, or an ester residue capable of forming a non-toxic ester hydrolyzable in vivo; and A represents a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group, a group of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.30 represents a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a cycloalkyl group which may be substituted, an aryl group which may be substituted, an arylthio group, a heteroarylthio group which may be substituted, an alkylthio group which may be substituted, an amino group which may be substituted, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group; R.sup.

Abstract: Phenyl esters of substituted acids are prepared by a two-step process in which a phenol derivative is first treated with an acid halide to yield a phenyl ester intermediate, and the intermediate is reacted with an appropriate nucleophile.

Abstract: A process for the production of secondary-butyl perfluoroester is provided by reacting ethylene with a perfluorocarboxylic acid in the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: The process described makes it possible to obtain optically pure 4-amino-3-hydroxycarboxylic acids by means of a series of stereoselective steps. The starting material is an alpha-amino acid in the L or D configuration, with which Meldrum's acid is reacted. The resulting pyrrolone derivative is reduced prior to opening of the pyrrolidine ring. The invention also relates to the new products obtained by the said process and to the pyrrolone derivatives obtained as intermediates.

Abstract: The new compounds produced from a molecular structural element with two chirality centers and at least one mesogenic structural element are defined by the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which the symbols have the following meaning: Y.sup.1 =H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, MC--CH.sub.2 or MC--CO, MC denoting the molecular radical of a mesogenic carboxylic acid after splitting off a COOH group,Y.sup.2 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl, MC--CH.sub.2 or MC--CO, it being possible for Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 to jointly represent a MC--CH group, which is then part of a dioxolane ring,X=COOR.sup.1, CONH.sub.2, CONR.sup.2 R.sup.3 or C.tbd.N,R.sup.1 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl or MC--CH.sub.2, andR.sup.2, R.sup.3 =H and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or, independently of each other, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl.Said esters preferably find application as dopants in twistable liquid crystal phases in which they produce temperature compensation and twisting.

Abstract: An L-dopa derivative represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom and the other denotes a group of formula R--CO-- in which R denotes an alkyl, alkenyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, lower alkoxy or optionally substituted aralkyloxy group,and its acid addition salt. The compounds are useful in the medical field, especially in the treatment of a series of diseases called Parkinson's disease or Parkinsonism.