Abstract: A method for making liquid cyanate esters and liquid cyanate esters. Embodiments of the invention address the problems with solid cyanate esters by creating new cyanate ester structures that are liquid at room temperature. These liquid cyanate esters may be useful for the typical composite fabrication methods including, but not limited to, infusion molding, prepeg consolidation, resin and vacuum transfer molding.

Abstract: A method of an enantioselective nucleophilic addition reaction to carbonyl, which enables an asymmetric synthesis of an optically active ?-hydroxy-?-keto acid ester, an optically active ?-hydroxy-?-amino acid ester, hydroxydiketone compounds, etc. being useful as a raw material or synthesis intermediate for producing a pharmaceutical preparation, an agricultural chemical, a fragrance, a functional polymer or the like. In this method, the nucleophilic addition reaction of enamide compound accompanied by hydroxyl (—OH) formation to carbonyl is carried out in the presence of a chiral catalyst with copper or nickel.

Abstract: Diisocyanates containing carboxylic acid ester groups corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## in which R and R.sup.1 represent specified groups are produced by phosgenation of the corresponding diamines, optionally present in the form of an ammonium salt. These diisocyanates are useful as starting materials in the production of plastics containing urethane and/or urea groups and as starting materials for the production of intermediate products used for the production of such plastics.

Abstract: Process for the removal of isocyanic acid from a gaseous mixture of isocyanic acid and ammonia by introducing a tertiary amine or ether at 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. The gaseous reaction mixture is passed into an inert diluent and cooled, to condense an adduct of isocyanic acid and tertiary amine or ether, and the ammonia being removed as a gas.