Abstract: The present invention related to methods for forming dicarba bridges in organic compounds. This involves the use of a pair of complementary metathesisable groups on the organic compound, and subjecting the compound to cross-metathesis under microwave radiation conditions. In an alternative, the compounds containing a turn-induced group between the pair of cross metathesisable groups to facilitate the cross-metathesis.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymerizable ultraviolet light absorbers and yellow colorants and their use in ophthalmic lenses. In particular, this invention relates to polymerizable ultraviolet light absorbing methane compounds and yellow compounds of the methine and anthraquinone classes that block ultraviolet light and/or violet-blue light transmission through ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: A compound useful as a building block for the manufacture of various compounds is represented by Formula A or D. In Formula A and D, z is 0 or 1; Q is a heteroatom; R1 through R11 and Ra through Rf are each independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroatom containing hydrocarbyl group, or a functional group; d, e and f are each independently 0 or greater; each of A, B and D is independently a carbon atom or a heteroatom; and two or more of R1 though R11, Ra through Rf and Y optionally combine to form a ring. In some embodiments, R8 and R9 combine to form a carbonyl group. In some embodiments, R2 and Y combine to form a ring with the Q atom. In some embodiments, the ring includes at least one double bond.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel phenyloin derivative compounds and the use of such compounds as sodium channel blockers. Such compositions have utility as anti-cancer agents and can be used to limit or prevent PCa growth and/or metastasis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I and II, which are functionalized amino acids, and polymers formed from the same. Polymers formed from the functionalized amino acids are expected to have controllable degradation profiles, enabling them to release an active component over a desired time range. The polymers are also expected to be useful in a variety of medical applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel phenyl-N-acyl derivatives of biogenic amines and amino acids of general formula (I) as cyclooxynease inhibitors, possessing analgetic and anti-inflammatory properties and devoid of side effects in particular ulcerogeneity and pro-spasmodic actions, as well as capability to potentiate effect of other analgetics, and possessing in addition antihypoxic, antidepressant and anti-Parkinsonistic action; as well as to the processes for the preparation novel and known phenyl-N-acyl derivatives of biogenic amines, to a pharmaceutical composition and to an agent comprising compounds of general formula (I) as well as to use thereof and a method of treating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of new class of hydrolysable amino acid derivatives and absorbable polyester amides, polyamides, polyepoxides, polyureas and polyurethanes prepared therefrom. The resultant absorbable polymers are useful for drug delivery, tissue engineering, tissue adhesives, adhesion prevention, bone wax formulations, medical device coatings, stents, stent coatings, highly porous foams, reticulated foams, wound care, cardiovascular applications, orthopedic devices, surface modifying agents and other implantable medical devices. In addition, these absorbable polymers should have a controlled degradation profile.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of a phenylalanine derivative of formula (I):

Abstract: Provided are methods for forming a reactive S-nitroso thioacid (NTA), comprising nitrosation of a thioacid with a nitrosation reagent. Also provided are methods for: acylating a nucleophile including selective acylation with a high degree of selectivity toward amines over hydroxyls; amide or peptide bond formation; forming a dipeptide or polypeptide; and peptide coupling/ligation, comprising use of thioacid and amine starting materials, wherein the reactions are mediated by very reactive S-nitroso thioacid (NTA) intermediates enabling extremely fast reactions under mild conditions, providing for broad applications.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), inhibit HDAC activity: wherein A, B and D independently represent ?CH— or ?N—; W is —CH?CH— Or —CH2CH2—; R1 is a carboxylic acid group (—COOH), or an ester group which is hydrolysable by one or more intra-cellular carboxylesterase enzymes to a carboxylic acid group; R2 and R3 are selected from the side chains of a natural or non-nat-ural alpha amino acid, provided that neither R2 nor R3 is hydrogen, or R2 and R3, taken together with the carbon to which they are attached, form a 3-6 membered saturated cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring; Y is a bond, —C(?O)—, —S(?O)2—, —C(?O)O—, —C(?O)NR?—, —C(?5)—NR?, —C(?NH)NR? or —S(?O)2NR — wherein R? is hydrogen or optionally substituted C1—C6 alkyl; L1 is a divalent radical of formula —(Alk1)m,(Q)n(Alk2)p— wherein m, n, p, Q, Alk1 and Alk2 are as defined in the claims; X1 represents a bond; —C(?O); or —S(?O)2—; —NR4C(?O)—, —C(?O)NR4—,— NR4C(?O)NR5—, —NR4S(?O)2—, or —S(?O)2NR4— wherein R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or optionally substituted C1

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrrolidin-2-ones according to the formula (1), or salts thereof, wherein R1 is hydrogen or a nitrogen protecting group, methods for their preparation and their use in the preparation of NEP-inhibitors, particularly in the preparation of N-(3-carboxyl-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-(2R)-methyl butanoic acid ethyl ester or salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, B, X, m and n are defined herein. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical composition of compounds of the invention, and a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a compound of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, A1, X, X1, s and n are defined herein. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical composition of the compounds of the invention and a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a compound of the invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns in one embodiment a method of treating glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure comprising administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising at least one prenyltransferase inhibitor. In another embodiment, the invention concerns a composition for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of a prenyltransferase inhibitor.

Abstract: Cobalt(II) complexes of the D2-symmetric chiral porphyrins are effective catalysts for asymmetric cyclopropanation reactions with succinimidyl diazoacetate. The Co-catalyzed reaction is suitable for various olefins, providing the corresponding cyclopropane succinimidyl esters in high yields and excellent diastereo- and enantio-selectivity.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing ramipril is disclosed, and also an intermediate for use in the method.

Abstract: The present invention provides with a process of preparing an optically active succinimide derivative, which is a key intermediate for production of ranirestat. A compound (3) is easily prepared by treating the derivative of succinic acid diester of the formula (2): wherein R1 is an amino group protected with a group removed by hydrogenolysis or a tert-butoxycarbonylamino group and R2 is an ethyl group optionally substituted with one or two methyl group(s) at ?-position, provided that R2 is not a tert-butyl group when R1 is a tert-butoxycarbonylamino group; with alkali metal alkoxide and the compound (3) can be an important intermediate for production of ranirestat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I), in which J, X, Y, A, B, D and G have the meanings given above, to a number of processes for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. The invention further provides selective herbicidal compositions which comprise, firstly, trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The invention further relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) through the additions of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and optionally penetrants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process, novel process steps and novel intermediates useful in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds, in particular neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitors.

Abstract: A method for preparing a phenylalanine derivative having a quinazoline-dione ring represented by the following formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising the following steps (a), (b) and (c): (a) reacting an acyl phenylalanine derivative represented by the following formula (2): with a carbonyl group-introducing reagent and a specific anthranilic acid derivative to thus form the corresponding carboxy-asymmetric urea derivative; (b) converting the carboxy-asymmetric urea derivative into the corresponding quinazoline-dione derivative in the presence of a carboxyl group-activating agent: (c) if desired, substituting an N-alkyl group for the hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom present in the quinazoline-dione ring of the quinazoline-dione derivative using an N-alkylation agent and then deprotecting the resulting product, when the substituent R3? which is a group corresponding to R3 is protected.

Abstract: A process for preparing an enantiomerically enriched cycloalkene-substituted alanine compound having the structure: by asymmetrically hydrogenating a dehydro amino acid compound having the structure: in a suitable reaction media in the presence of a catalyst having a transition metal moiety complexed to a chiral phosphine ligand to prepare enantiomerically enriched cycloalkene substituted alanine compounds having the structure of Formula (IA) or (IB), which are key intermediates for the ACE inhibitors ramipril and perindolpril:

Abstract: N—[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-?-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester is produced by hydrogenation of L-?-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde produced in situ by the hydrolysis or cleavage of a 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde precursor. The production method is efficient and low cost, as compared with conventional N—[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-?-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dephenolic compounds, an example of which is shown below, which are functionalized, and polymers formed from the same. Polymers formed from the functionalized diphenolics are expected to have controllable degradation profiles, enabling them to release an active component over a desired time range. The polymers are also expected to be useful in a variety of medical applications.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel compounds of the N-acylamino-amide family, compositions, in particular cosmetic or pharmaceutical, containing them, and their use for treating body or face skin ageing, whether chronobiologic or light-induced, and in particular skin ageing caused by decrease of skin elasticity and/or by collagen degradation in the structure of tissues.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for the synthesis of a compound of the formula (I) in which: n is an integer higher than or equal to 1; Rb and each Rn are independently a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 arylalkyl group or a C1-C6 alkyl group substituted or not by an aryl group, —COOH, C1-C6, —COO-(alkyl), —CONH2, —SH, heteroaryl, —NH2, —NHC(NH)(NH2), C1-C6-s-(alkyl), —OH or phenol; Ra is a N-protective group; Rc is a ORd group in which Rd is a C1-C6 alkyl group or a NReRf group in which Re and Rf Re independently an N-protective group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing single enantiomers of beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which affords the desired compounds having special optical configuration. The process comprises a step of chemical synthesis and a step of resolving the optical isomers of beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives with a resolving agent. The resolving step comprises reacting the optical isomers with resolving agents, such as di-para-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid and di-para-toluoyl-D-tartaric acid. The obtained R-beta-amino phenylbutyric acid derivatives (I) have high optical purity, and the total yield of the accumulative resolution of the laevo and the dextro isomer is up to above 70%.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), in the form of mixtures comprising predominantly one diastereomer or in the form of pure diastereomers, Z1-Q-P*R0R1 (I) in which Z1 is a C-bonded, secondary phosphine group —P(R)2; in which R is in each case independently hydrocarbon radicals or heterohydrocarbon radicals, or Z1 is the —P*R0R1 group; Q is a bivalent, achiral, aromatic base skeleton, a bivalent, achiral ferrocene base skeleton, an optionally substituted bivalent cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane skeleton, or a C1-C4-alkylene skeleton, and in which base skeletons a secondary phosphine group Z1 is bonded directly to a carbon atom, or, in the case of cyclic base skeletons, directly to a carbon atom or via a C1-C4-alkylene group, and in which base skeletons a P-chiral group —P*R0R1 is bonded directly to a carbon atom, or, in the case of cyclic base skeletons, directly to a carbon atom or via a C1-C4-alkylene group to a carbon atom such that the phosphorus atoms are linked via 1 to 7 atoms of a carbon chain optionally i

Abstract: Compounds are provided according to formula 1: where A, B, W, X?, L, R1, R3, R4b, and m? are as defined herein. Provided compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, pain, inflammation, cognitive disorders, anxiety, depression, and others.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition which is increased in heat resistance (high crystallinity) and transparency without impairing rigidity which a thermoplastic resin inherently has and a molded article containing the resin composition. A thermoplastic resin composition relating to the present invention includes a thermoplastic resin (A) and a crystal nucleating agent (B) composed of tris(amino acid ester)amides of trimesic acid. The crystal nucleating agent (B) is preferably tris(valine ester)amides of trimesic acid or tris(leucine ester)amides of trimesic acid, and the thermoplastic resin (A) is preferably a lactic acid resin and more preferably a polylactic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with the activity of liver X receptors (LXRs).

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I?; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, B1, X and n are defined herein. The invention also relates a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: A process for producing an enantiomerically enriched, pure or enriched and essentially pure compound of Formula I: wherein the R-, or S-configuration at the stereogenic center is marked with an *; which process hydrogenates an enamide compound of formula III: in an organic solvent in the presence of a transition metal precursor complexed to a chiral phosphine ligand catalyst; wherein Ar is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted; Z is OR1, SR1 and NR1R2; and P is R3, OR3, and NR3R4; R1 and R2 are selected from H, C1-8 alkyl, C5-12 cycloalkyl, aryl and aryl-C1-2-alkyl; or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a C4-7-member heterocyclic ring system optionally fused with a 5- to 6-member carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring system; and R3 and R4 are selected from H, C1-8 alkyl, aryl, C5-12 cycloalkyl and aryl-C1-2-alkyl; or R3 and R4 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a C4-7-member heterocyclic ring system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the regioselective synthesis of compounds of the formula (I), wherein R1; R2; R3; R4; R5; J and W have the meanings indicated in the claims. The present invention provides an efficient and general palladium-catalyzed coupling process for aryl tosylates with terminal alkynes to a wide variety of substituted, multifunctional aryl-1-alkynes of the formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzoyl-substituted serinamides of the formula I in which the variables R1 to R11 are as defined in the description, and to their agriculturally useful salts, to processes and intermediates for their preparation, and to the use of these compounds or of compositions comprising these compounds for controlling unwanted plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphilic molecule having a plurality of zwitterionic functional groups in its hydrophilic moiety and a molecular assembly comprising the amphiphilic molecule as a constituent lipid. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molecular assembly of the present invention forms a stable vesicular structure under a physiological pH environment to carry a substance of interest in the vesicular structure, and can release the substance of interest to the outside of the vesicular structure when it is deformed under an acidic pH environment. The molecular assembly of the present invention can be used as a carrier for a drug, a probe, a nucleic acid, a protein or the like.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel processes for the preparation of opioid modulators (agonists and antagonists) and intermediates in their synthesis. The opioid modulators are useful for the treatment and prevention of as pain and gastrointestinal disorders.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing an amide compound having an excellent harmful arthropod-controlling activity and represented by the formula (III): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom etc., R4, R5, R6 and R7 independently represent a halogen atom etc.

Abstract: The present invention provides with a process of preparing an optically active succinimide derivative, which is a key intermediate for production of ranirestat. A compound (3) is easily prepared by treating the derivative of succinic acid diester of the formula (2): wherein R1 is an amino group protected with a group removed by hydrogenolysis or a tert-butoxycarbonylamino group and R2 is an ethyl group optionally substituted with one or two methyl group(s) at ?-position, provided that R2 is not a tert-butyl group when R1 is a tert-butoxycarbonylamino group; with alkali metal alkoxide and the compound (3) can be an important intermediate for production of ranirestat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a compound according to formula (i) or salt thereof, wherein R1 and R1? are independently hydrogen or an amine protecting group and R2 is a carboxyl group or an ester group, comprising reacting a compound according to formula (ii) or salt thereof, wherein R1, R1? and R2 are defined as above, with hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst and a chiral ligand, wherein the transition metal is selected from group 7, 8 or 9 of the periodic table. Furthermore, the invention relates to products obtainable by said process and to their use in the production of NEP inhibitors. Moreover, the invention relates to the use of transition metal catalyst in the preparation of NEP inhibitors or prodrugs thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which J, X, Y, m and CKE are as defined above, to processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. Moreover, the disclosure relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the cycloalkylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The disclosure furthermore relates to increasing the activity of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) by adding ammonium or phosphonium salts and, if appropriate, penetrants.

Abstract: Provided are a polyimide that demonstrates low coefficient of hygroscopic expansion and low water absorption coefficient when used as an insulation film, as well as an ester group-containing tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride expressed by the general formula below, and a novel polyesterimide precursor derived therefrom and polyesterimide, for use in the production of such polyimide: In the formula, each R is independent and represents a straight or branched-chain alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or straight or branched-chain alkoxyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 0 to 4, and m is an integer of 2 to 4, with the proviso that if m=2, n is an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are inhibitors of histone deacetylase activity, and are useful in the treatment of, for example, cancers, wherein R1 is a carboxylic acid group (—COOH), or an ester group which is hydrolysable by one or more intracellular carboxyesterase enzymes to a carboxylic acid group; R2 is the side chain of a natural or non-natural alpha amino acid; Y is a bond, C(?O)—, —S(?O)2—, —C(—O)O—, —C(O)NR3—, —C(?S)—NR3, —C(?NH)NR3 or —S(?O)2NR3— wherein R3 is hydrogen or optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl; L is a divalent radical of formula -(Alk1)m(O)n(Alk2)p— wherein m, n and p are independently 0 or 1, Q is (i) an optionally substituted divalent mono- or bicyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical having 5-13 ring members, or (ii), in the case where both m and p are 0, a divalent radical of formula —X2-Q1- or -Q1-X2— wherein X2 is —O—, S— or NRA— wherein RA is hydrogen or optionally substituted C1-C3 alkyl, and Q1 is an optionally substituted divalent mono- or bicyclic carbocyclic or hetero-cyclic r

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing optically active 1-methyl-3-phenylpiperazine of the formula (11) or salt thereof, comprising the following steps 1 to 4, or steps 5 to 7 and step 4, and a method of producing optically active mirtazapine via this method.

Abstract: This invention provides analogs of hemiasterlin, methods of synthesis of the analogs and use of the analogs as a cytotoxic anti-mitotic agents.

Abstract: Covalent conjugation of an alpha amino acid ester to a modulator of the activity of a target intracellular enzyme or receptor, wherein the ester group of the conjugate is hydrolysable by one or more intracellular carboxylesterase enzymes to the corresponding acid, leads to accumulation of the carboxylic acid hydrolysis product in the cell and enables improved or more prolonged enzyme or receptor modulation relative to the unconjugated modulator.

Abstract: Prodrugs of propofol, methods of making prodrugs of propofol, pharmaceutical compositions of prodrugs of propofol and methods of using prodrugs of propofol and pharmaceutical compositions thereof to treat or prevent diseases or disorders such as migraine headache pain and post-chemotherapy or post-operative surgery nausea and vomiting are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing enantiomers form of 2,3-diaminopropionic acid derivatives of formula (I) by asymmetric hydrogenation from compounds of formula (II).

Abstract: This invention relates to newly identified ester-linked gemini surfactant compounds, to the use of such compounds and to their production. The invention also relates to the use of the ester-linked gemini surfactant compounds to facilitate the transfer of polynucleotides into cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the organo-catalysed kinetic racemate resolution of compounds of the general formula (II). It is thus possible through the action of catalytic amounts of enantiomerically enriched compounds of the general formula (Ia) or (Ib) to obtain on the one hand enantiomerically enriched optionally N-acylated ?-amino acid esters and on the other hand enantiomerically enriched 4,5-dihydrooxazin-6-ones (oxazinones). The corresponding enantiomerically enriched ?-amino acids can be formed from both easily separable classes of compounds by simple hydrolysis.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition which is increased in heat resistance (high crystallinity) and transparency without impairing rigidity which a thermoplastic resin inherently has and a molded article containing the resin composition. A thermoplastic resin composition relating to the present invention includes a thermoplastic resin (A) and a crystal nucleating agent (B) composed of tris(amino acid ester)amides of trimesic acid. The crystal nucleating agent (B) is preferably tris(valine ester)amides of trimesic acid or tris(leucine ester)amides of trimesic acid, and the thermoplastic resin (A) is preferably a lactic acid resin and more preferably a polylactic acid.