Abstract: A method of producing a phthaloyl dichloride compound, the method including: providing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2); and bringing the compound represented by the following formula (1) and the compound represented by the following formula (2) into reaction, so as to form a compound represented by the following formula (3), in the presence of at least one compound selected from a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, and zinc oxide; wherein, in formulae, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a methyl group, or a methoxy group; when the X is plural, Xs may be the same or different from each other; n represents an integer of from 0 to 2; R represents a halogen atom, a chlorocarbonyl group, a low carbon number alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted low carbon number alkyl group; when the R is plural, Rs may be the same or different from each other; and m represents an integer of from 0 to 2.

Abstract: A method of producing a phthaloyl dichloride compound, the method including: providing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2); and bringing the compound represented by the following formula (1) and the compound represented by the following formula (2) into reaction, so as to form a compound represented by the following formula (3), in the presence of at least one compound selected from a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, and zinc oxide; wherein, in formulae, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a methyl group, or a methoxy group; when the X is plural, Xs may be the same or different from each other; n represents an integer of from 0 to 2; R represents a halogen atom, a chlorocarbonyl group, a low carbon number alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted low carbon number alkyl group; when the R is plural, Rs may be the same or different from each other; and m represents an integer of from 0 to 2.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a phthalic acid compound whose aromatic ring has been chlorinated, the process reacting a phthalic acid compound and chlorine in a mixture of chlorosulfonic acid and thionyl chloride in the presence of an iodine compound.

Abstract: A method for converting an aromatic aldehyde or a mixture of aromatic aldehydes to a reaction product in a reaction medium that is free from xylene. The reaction product may be an aromatic acyl halide or a mixture of aromatic acyl halides. The method includes bringing the aromatic aldehyde or mixture of aromatic aldehydes in contact with a halogen to obtain the reaction product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of given carboxamido compounds, in particular of 2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid derivatives, as useful intermediates for the preparation of X-ray contrast media among which is iopamidol. The said process comprises reacting suitable N-sulfinyl intermediate compounds with a commercially available ?-hydroxyacid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are fluorovinyl ether functionalized aromatic diesters and derivatives thereof. The compounds disclosed have utility as functionalized monomers and comonomers in polyesters, polyamides, and the like. It has been found that incorporation of the monomers into polymers provides improved soil resistance to shaped articles produced from the polymers.

Abstract: A chlorine resistant polyamide is formed from the reaction product of an amine and an acid chloride monomer wherein the acid chloride monomer is modified with electron-withdrawing groups that exhibit sufficient activity to (i) minimize any chlorination on both the amine and acid chloride side and (ii) minimize N-chlorination. A membrane is made from the polyamide and, in one application, the membrane is used in a desalination unit.

Abstract: A method of producing a phthaloyl dichloride compound, the method including: providing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2); and bringing the compound represented by the following formula (1) and the compound represented by the following formula (2) into reaction, so as to form a compound represented by the following formula (3), in the presence of at least one compound selected from a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, and zinc oxide; wherein, in formulae, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a methyl group, or a methoxy group; when the X is plural, Xs may be the same or different from each other; n represents an integer of from 0 to 2; R represents a halogen atom, a chlorocarbonyl group, a low carbon number alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted low carbon number alkyl group; when the R is plural, Rs may be the same or different from each other; and m represents an integer of from 0 to 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for the preparation of pivaloyl chloride and of aroyl chloride, in particular of benzoyl chloride, which consists in reacting pivalic acid with a trichloromethylated aromatic compound in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of between 60° C. and 180° C. under reduced pressure. The products formed are continuously removed from the reaction region, the hydrogen chloride formed being treated in a washing region in which a trichloromethylated compound moves countercurrentwise.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 5-[acetyl(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)amino]-N,N'-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,4,6-t riiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide of formula (I), starting from 5-amino-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid of formula (II), comprising the following steps:step a) is the reaction in heterogeneous phase between 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid and thionyl chloride in a solvent selected from the group consisting of: straight or branched (C.sub.7 -C.sub.16) hydrocarbons, (C.sub.7 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid dichloride by chlorinating 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid with thionyl chloride in the presence of a suitable solvent and of a tertiary amine salt or quaternary ammonium salt in a molar ratio from 1;1 to 1;2 with respect to 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophathalic acid is described. 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid dichloride is an intermediate useful for the preparation of iodinated contrast agents.

Abstract: Novel difunctionalized cyclobutabenzene monomers of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z can be hydrogens or a cyclobutane ring; and X and Y are carboxyl, amino, alcohol, isocyanate, acid halide, or bis-acyl halide groups. Exemplary difunctional bitricyclodecatriene monomers are ?2,2'-bidicyclo?2.4.0!octa-1,3,5-triene!-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid (BXTA) and ?2,2'-bitricyclo?6.2.0.0!deca-1,3,(6),7-triene!-7,7'-dicarboxylic acid (QXTA). The difunctionalized bitricyclodecatriene monomers can form part of a polymer backbone chain in which the multiple butane ring functionalities can be easily opened to produce strong, three-dimensional covalent bond crosslinking between polymer chains. The crosslinking can be induced simply by heating the polymer to a temperature in excess of 250.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid dichloride by chlorination of 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid with thionyl chloride in the presence of a suitable solvent characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of catalytic amounts of a tetraalkylammonium salt of formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 R.sub.4 NX (I)wherein X is halogen, mesylate or tosylate; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, the same or different, are C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl groups so that the total number of carbon atoms of the groups R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is higher than 16.The 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid dichloride obtained according to the process of the present invention is useful as intermediate in the synthesis of iodinated contrast media.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for the preparation of 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, comprising the reaction in heterogeneous phase between 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid and thionyl chloride, in a solvent selected from the group consisting of: (C.sub.7 -C.sub.16) linear or branched hydrocarbons, (C.sub.7 -C.sub.8) aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, n-butylacetate, diglyme (diethylenglycoledimethylether), and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: Novel difunctionalized cyclobutabenzene monomers of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z can be hydrogens or a cyclobutane ting; and X and Y are carbox amino, alcohol, isocyanate, acid halide, or bis-acyl fluoride groups. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cyclobutabenzene derivative is 1,2-dihydrocyclobutabenzene-3,6-carboxylic acid. The difunctionalized cyclobutabenzene monomer can form part of a polymer backbone chain, but has an additional functionality, the butane ring, which can be easily opened to produce strong, covalent bond crosslinking between polymer chains. The crosslinking can be induced simply by heating the polymer to a temperature in excess of 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A 3,4,3',4'-substituted biphenyl compound represented by the general formula (II): ##STR1## wherein, one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a -CH.sub.3 group and the one other is a --COOR.sup.5 group, --COOH group, or --COCl group, and one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is a -CH.sub.3 group and the other one is a --COOR.sup.5 group, --COOH group, or --COCl group, is produced by the steps of oxidatively coupling an o-toluic acid alkyl ester in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixture of palladium salts with 1,10-phenanthroline or .alpha.,.alpha.'-bipyridine, a chelating product of a palladium salt with 1,10-phenanthroline, or a chelating products of a palladium salt with .alpha.,.alpha.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a halophthalic anhydride, such as chlorophthalic anhydride, comprising the liquid phase reaction of bromine with a halogen substituted hexa- or tetra-hydrophthalic anhydride to produce halophthalic anhydride and gaseous HBr, and reacting the gaseous HBr with chlorine to regenerate bromine.

Abstract: An N-alkylated formamide of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes alkylR.sup.2 denotes alkyl with at least 9 carbon atoms or the group ##STR2## wherein A denotes straight-chain or branched alkanediyl,R.sup.1 denotes lower alkyl andn denotes an integer from 2 to 6,a process for the preparation of the same and its use in the replacement of a hydroxyl group in an organic compound by chlorine or bromine the improvement wherein the replacement is carried out in the presence of an N-alkylated formamide.