Abstract: The invention relates to a method for isolating concentrated paraffin sulfonic acids from reaction mixtures that are produced during the sulfoxidation of n-paraffins, from which a major part of the sulfuric acid and the paraffin was removed by phase separation and which contain, in addition to the free paraffin sulfonic acids, n-paraffins, water and optionally minor amounts of sulfuric acids. The method according to the invention is characterized by removing paraffin and optionally residual water by vacuum distillation. The paraffin sulfonic acids obtained by distillation have a content of more than 85% by weight of the active substance. The material is pale, odorless and low in sulfuric acid and paraffin.

Abstract: A composition and method of manufacturing the same. Embodiments of an aspect of the invention relate to the formula C(CH2NF2)4 having the name octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA). In embodiments of another aspect generally relate to a method for manufacturing octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA) including, basifying pentaerythrityltetramine tetrahydrochloride in an aqueous solution with an aqueous alkali and treating with alkyl chloroformate for producing a tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetra carbamate, extracting the compound into a nonaqueous solvent suitable for extraction from water and removing the solvent for providing a pure form of tetraethyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate, bubbling elemental fluorine and/or mixtures of fluorine with an inert gas through tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate in a solvent suitable for direct fluorinations of protected amines until excess fluorine appears, and purifying the resultant octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel herbicidal phenoxypropionic acid N-alkyl-N-2-fluorophenyl amide compounds represented in the following formula (1), a method for preparing thereof, their use to control barnyard grass produced from rice and composition as suitable herbicides. wherein, R is methyl or ethyl group; X is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1˜C6 alkyl, C1˜C6 alkoxy, C1˜C3 haloalkyl substituted with 1 to 3 of halogen atom(s), C1˜C3 haloalkoxy substituted with 1 to 3 of halogen atom(s), C2˜C4 alkoxyalkoxy, phenox,benzyloxy, C2˜C6 alkenyl, C2˜C6 alkinyl, C2˜C6 alkenyloxy, C2˜C6 alkinyloxy, or phenyl group; Y is hydrogen or fluoro; n is an integer of 1 or 2 and when n is 2, X can be in a combination of other substituents.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel neopentyl difluoroamino compounds which are useful as plasticizers and oxidizers in energetic formulations, such as propellants, explosives, and gasifiers. These neopentyl difluoroamino compounds can be prepared either: (1) by the direct fluorination of amine derivatives containing energetic pendant groups; or (2) by first preparing NF.sub.2 -derivatives and then substituting these derivatives with energetic pendant groups. In particular, mono- and bis-(difluoroaminomethyl) oxetanes are synthesized and further reacted to yield the corresponding dinitrate esters. It has been discovered that these NF.sub.2 -dinitrate esters are very useful as energetic plasticizers in high-energy formulations.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel oxetanes containing neopentyl difluoroamino groups. More specifically, mono- and bis-(difluoroaminomethyl)oxetanes are synthesized. These compounds are prepared by the direct fluorination of blocked neopentyl amines. These mono- and bis-(difluoroaminomethyl)oxetanes can be polymerized to form homopolymers and copolymers with load bearing polyether backbones and highly energetic pendant groups. The homopolymers and copolymers of the present invention are useful as energetic binders in high-energy formulations, such as propellants, explosives, and gasifiers.

Abstract: An apparatus and process useful in direct fluorination of a variety of compositions, as well as the fluorinated compositions themselves, are disclosed.The apparatus comprises a cryogenic zone reactor, such as a packed column reactor, suitably divided into a plurality of independently controllable cryogenic temperature zones. Means are also provided to introduce a reactant to be fluorinated as well as to introduce a mixture of fluorine gas and an inert gas.New fluorinated compounds are also disclosed. These include: perfluoro-2-methoxyethyl ether; perfluoro-1,4-dioxane; perfluoro-2,5-diketohexane; perfluorohexamethylethane; and monohydropentadecafluoroadamantane.Additionally, new syntheses for trifluoroacetic acid, a commercially significant bulk chemical, are disclosed. One synthesis comprises producing perfluoroethyl acetate by direct fluorination using a cryogenic zone reactor, followed by hydrolysis of perfluoroethyl acetate. Two moles of the acid are produced for each mole of ester.