Abstract: A method of producing optically pure N-substituted-3-methoxy propionic acid is provided, which includes the steps of: reacting N-substituted-3-methoxy propionic acid represented by formula (III): with a chiral amine in a solvent to obtain a diastereomeric salt represented by formula (IV): subjecting the diastereomeric salt to a sequential washing process to obtain the optically pure N-substituted-3-methoxy propionic acid represented by one of formulae (Ia) and (Ib): wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of C1-5 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy and C6-10 aryloxy group, and R2 is selected from the group consisting of C2-5 alkyl, C6-8 cycloalkyl and C6-10 aryl.

Abstract: A nonaqueous ink composition for ink jet recording includes a solvent represented by general formula (1) and having a hydrophile-lipophile balance value of 10.5 to 20.0: where R1 denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-alkoxypropionamide including reacting a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester represented by the following formula (1) and an amine represented by the following formula (2) in the presence of a polyol and a basic catalyst, thereby to produce a ?-alkoxypropionamide represented by the following formula (3), wherein, as the polyol, a reaction residue that is generated by the reaction and contains a used polyol is used: (wherein in the formulas, R and R? are independently a C1 to C6 linear, branched or cyclic, saturated hydrocarbon group; R1 and R2 are independently a C1 to C6 linear, branched or cyclic, saturated hydrocarbon group; and R3 is H or CH3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of a compound according to formula I comprising the following steps: a) reacting a Dane salt according to formula II and a Dane salt according to formula III with a coupling reagent; b) adding a diamine according to formula IV to the reaction mixture; and c) adding an acid to the reaction mixture to adjust the pH value of the reaction to <7; wherein L represents a C2-C20 alkyl group, a C6-C20 aryl group, or a C7-C20 alkylaryl group; R1 and R2 can be identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-C4 thioether group, a C6-C20 aryl group, a C7-C26) alkylaryl group, a C7-C20 alkylhydroxyaryl group, a C4-C20 alkylheteroaryl group with 1 to 4 heteroatoms; or a C1-C4 alkylcarboxylic moiety, which may be an acid, an amide, or which may be esterified with a C1-C6 alkyl group or a C7-C20 alkylaryl group; R3 represents a C1-C4 alkyl group; R4 represents a hydrogen atom, or a C1-C4 alkyl group; R5 represent

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention is a compound (sometimes also referred to herein as an “active agent” or “active compound”) of Formula I or Ia: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. Compositions thereof and methods of using the same (e.g. for the treatment of a neurological disease) are also described.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing alkylene oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amides having less than 2 wt % of amine by-products by a) reacting a C4-C30 fatty acid or fatty acid lower alkyl ester with a mono- or di-hydroxy hydrocarbyl amine to form a hydrocarbyl amide; b) reacting the hydrocarbyl amide with alkylene oxide; and c) extracting the product of b) with water, acidic water, or water-containing inorganic salts or a combination thereof at a temperature from about 5° C. to 95° C. to yield an alkylene oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amide having less than 2 wt % of amine by-products.

Abstract: A process for producing high purity 3-hydroxypropionic acid from a fermentation cell broth is described. The 3-hydroxypropionic acid can be converted to a variety of products, such as acrylamide, 3-hydroxypropionic esters, acrylic esters, and 3-HP amide. This process features a high degree of product flexibility, limited or no solvent recycle, discrete waste streams, an efficient water removal process, and efficient recovery of products and solvents with proven and scalable equipment.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an improved method of producing (R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxypropionamide (lacosamide) comprising the 0-methylation of a compound of formula (I) to produce a compound of formula (II) in a single step reaction.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a cyclopropylamide compound which is useful as a structural unit in a process for the preparation of a viral protease inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods/processes and intermediates for preparing compounds having structural Formula (I): wherein X is alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heteroalkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, or substituted heteroalkenyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of lacosamide in substantially optically pure form, which in one aspect comprises the following steps: (i) resolution of O-methyl-D,L-serine to provide O-methyl-D-serine in substantially optically pure form; (ii) acetylation of O-methyl-D-serine thereby obtained to provide the N-acetyl 10 derivative thereof in substantially optically pure form; (iii) activating the carboxy group of the compound thereby obtained; and (iv) reacting the compound thereby obtained with benzylamine.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-alkoxypropionamide including: subjecting a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester represented by the following formula (I) and a polyol having two or more OH groups to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a basic catalyst, thereby to synthesize a transesterified polyol of a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester; and subjecting the transesterified polyol and an amine represented by the following formula (II) to an amidation reaction, thereby to synthesize a ?-alkoxypropionamide represented by the following formula (III):

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an aliphatic carboxylic acid amide, including the step of reacting an aliphatic carboxylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof containing an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with a mono- or dialkylamine containing an alkyl group or groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the presence of a solid acid catalyst containing titanium oxide as a main component and an oxide or oxides of at least one element selected from elements (except titanium) belonging to Groups 4, 5 and 14 of the long form of the periodic table, wherein the catalyst has an average particle diameter of 2 ?m or more. The process for producing an aliphatic carboxylic acid amide according to the present invention has a high reaction efficiency of the reaction of the aliphatic carboxylic acid or alkyl ester thereof with the mono- or dialkylamine, and shows an excellent filtration efficiency in separation of the catalyst.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosure, one aspect of the present application is directed to a dispersant compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, (ii) a polycarbonyl compound having at least three carbonyl acylating functions, and (iii) a primary amine moiety of a polyamine. Methods of making and methods of using the dispersant compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing Teriflunomide of formula (I).

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method for preparing alkyl lactate with high yield and high selectivity, comprising the step of reacting glycerol with water or alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. In addition, the present invention provides a method for efficiently preparing lactamide using the alkyl lactate.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method for preparing N,N?-dimethyl-3,3?-dithiodipropionamides, which is an intermediate compound used for preparation of substituted 3-isothiazolones, including reacting 3,3?-dithiopropionic acid alkyl ester with an alkylamine at a temperature of from 0 to 50° C. in the presence of a polar solvent.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-alkoxypropionamide shown by the following formula (I) including the step of reacting a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester with an amine in the presence of a basic catalyst or in the presence of a basic catalyst and a polyol: wherein R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a methoxymethyl group or a glycidyl group.

Abstract: A process for preparing pharmaceutically acceptable compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, X, A and Y are as defined in the specification is described and claimed, together with processes for preparing some key intermediates and products obtained thereby.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing 2-halogenomethylphenyl acetic acid derivatives.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-alkoxypropionamide including: subjecting a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester represented by the following formula (I) and a polyol having two or more OH groups to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a basic catalyst, thereby to synthesize a transesterified polyol of a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester; and subjecting the transesterified polyol and an amine represented by the following formula (II) to an amidation reaction, thereby to synthesize a ?-alkoxypropionamide represented by the following formula (III):

Abstract: The present invention includes methods/processes and intermediates for preparing compounds having structural Formula (I): wherein X is alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heteroalkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, or substituted heteroalkenyl.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of 4-fluoro-?-[2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-?-oxo-N-?-diphenylbenzenebutanamide also known as 2-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl]-4-methyl-3-oxo-pentanoic acid phenylamide of the formula I containing about 0.1% or less of ?-[2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-?-oxo-N-?-diphenylbenzene butanamide, about 0.05% or less of difluoro-?-[2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-?-oxo-N-?-diphenylbenzene butanamide and about 0.1% or less of 3-[2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenyl-ethoxy]-4-methyl-pent-2-enoic acid phenylamide.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention is a compound (sometimes also referred to herein as an “active agent” or “active compound”) of Formula I or Ia: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. Compositions thereof and methods of using the same (e.g. for the treatment of a neurological disease) are also described.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosure, one aspect of the present application is directed to a dispersant compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, (ii) a polycarbonyl compound having at least three carbonyl acylating functions, and (iii) a primary amine moiety of a polyamine. Methods of making and methods of using the dispersant compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing alkylene oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amides having less than 2 wt % of amine by-products by a) reacting a C4-C30 fatty acid or fatty acid lower alkyl ester with a mono- or di-hydroxy hydrocarbyl amine to form a hydrocarbyl amide; b) reacting the hydrocarbyl amide with alkylene oxide; and c) extracting the product of b) with water, acidic water, or water-containing inorganic salts or a combination thereof at a temperature from about 5° C. to 95° C. to yield an alkylene oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amide having less than 2 wt % of amine by-products.

Abstract: There are provided simple processes for preparing a fluoroamide and a fluoronitrile which assure higher yield, i.e., a process for preparing a fluoroamide represented by the formula (2): CF2?CF—Rf—CONH2, wherein Rf is a perfluoroalkylene group or perfluorooxyalkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by allowing a fluoroester represented by the formula (1): CF2?CF—Rf—COOR, wherein Rf is as defined above; R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, to react with ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, and a process for preparing a fluoronitrile represented by the formula (3): CF2?CF—Rf—CN, wherein Rf is as defined above, by allowing the fluoroamide obtained by the above-mentioned preparation process to react with a dehydrating agent (c) in a solvent (b) having an ether bond, an ester bond, a ketone group or a cyano group.

Abstract: A method for producing a ?-alkoxypropionamide shown by the following formula (I) including the step of reacting a ?-alkoxypropionic acid ester with an amine in the presence of a basic catalyst or in the presence of a basic catalyst and a polyol: wherein R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a methoxymethyl group or a glycidyl group.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium including a lubricant topcoat having increased bonding to the medium surface comprises an amphiphilic lubricant molecule having a hydrophilic central portion including a plurality of polar functional groups bound to the medium surface and a pair hydrophobic fluoroalkyl ether or perfluoroalkylether end portions at respective ends of the hydrophilic central portion and extending away from the medium surface.

Abstract: An improved process to prepare poly(oxyalkylene)amide for gasoline additives involves three consecutive reactions. The reactions are (1) amidation of water-soluble low molecular weight of polyalkylene polyamine with alkyl acetate at an elevated temperature under N2 pressure to convert amines to amides, (2) Butoxylation of the amides with 1,2-epoxybutane to prepare the poly(oxyalkylene) amides, and (3) selective hydrolysis of in situ poly(oxyalkylene)-amine-ester-amides into poly(oxyalkylene)-amine-alcohol-amides and removal of acetic acid byproducts, via acid/base hydrolysis and water extraction procedures. The process step of selective hydrolysis is essential for removal the harmful composition of poly(oxyalkylene)-amine-ester-amides in resulting the better performance of the additive, particularly the positive engine's octane requirement or reducing the combustion chamber deposits.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (X-a) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein: R1 is selected from the group consisting of: C1-5 alkyl substituted with 0-5 R1a, —(CH2)r—C3-10 cycloalkyl substituted with 0-5 R1a, and —(CH2)r-aryl substituted with 0-5 R1a. Compounds of Formula (X-a) are macrocyclic molecules containing anti-succinate residues which inhibit metalloproteinases such as aggrecanase, and the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The anti-succinates are formed by an Ireland Claisen rearrangement of a silyl ketene acetal which proceeds with high stereoselectivity.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of a condensation product selected from the group consisting of an amide and an ester of a carboxylic acid from an organic compound selected from the group consisting of organic compounds carrying a hydroxyl group and organic compounds carrying an amine group and from a concentrated medium resulting from fermentation, said medium containing a salt of the acid, the salt being selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt, a calcium salt, and mixtures thereof and the medium being at a pH of at least the pKa of the acid, the process comprising reacting the medium with the organic compound and with CO2, whereby the condensation product and a salt selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof are formed; and, separating the condensation product from the reaction mixture formed in the previous step.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inexpensive one-step method for preparing an aromatic carboxamide, such as a phenyl substituted carboxamide) by reacting an aromatic amine (e.g. a phenylamine) and a carboxylic acid (e.g. an alkanoic acid or ester thereof) in the presence of a boron containing compound (e.g. boronic acid or boric acid) and, optionally, a chelating agent (e.g. a 2-pyridinylamine).

Abstract: Oxamide is produced in a high purity by a process comprising (A) melting a starting material comprising 70 to 100 wt % of an oxalic acid diester of an aliphatic alcohol and 0 to 30 wt % of the same aliphatic alcohol as mentioned above, (B) feed-mixing an ammonia-containing gas to the starting material melt, while stirring, to produce oxamide and the aliphatic alcohol (by-product), (C) continuing the ammonia-feed-mixing procedure while controlling a feed rate of ammonia to an extent such that a content of the aliphatic alcohol in the reaction mixture is maintained at a level of 3 to 45% by weight, to produce a wetted solid reaction product comprising the resultant oxamide and the aliphatic alcohol, and then (D) collecting the oxamide from the reaction product by evaporating away the aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing an N-acyl amino acid amide, comprising a condensation reaction of an N-acyl amino acid with an amine and/or an ammonia, preferably a primary amine, a secondary amine and/or an ammonia under dehydration in the presence of a boron compound as the catalyst under coexistence of an alcohol as the auxiliary solvent, at a high yield for a short time. A medium for hylotropic dehydration such as hydrocarbon compounds may be used in the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing an amide, which comprises reacting an amine with an ester in a molten form in the absence of a solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a &bgr;-hydroxyalkylamide, in which alkyl esters are reacted with &bgr;-aminoalcohols in the absence of solvents and in the presence of basic catalysts, where, to improve the selectivity, the ratio of equivalents of ester to equivalents of amine is 1:1.001 to 8.

Abstract: Process for the continuous preparation of hydroxyalkylamides Process for the continuous preparation of hydroxyalkylamides from carboxylic esters and alkanolamines, wherein the reaction of the starting materials is carried out in an extruder or intensive mixer by intensive mixing and brief reaction with supply of heat and simultaneous removal of the alcohol formed and the final product is then isolated.

Abstract: A fluoropolyalkylether is prepared under mild reaction condictions by combining a fluoropolyalkylether substituted with one or more ester end-groups with an amine. Embodiments include combining: (i) a fluoropolyalkylether substituted with one or more ester end-groups having the formula: Rf—(COOR′)q with (ii) an amine having the formula: HNR1R2 and (iii) a solvent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon or a hydrofluoroether together with a lower alcohol at a temperature of from about 15° C. to about 30° C. to form the fluoropolyalkylether amide, where Rf is a perfluoropolyether, R′ is a lower alkyl group, q is 1-4; R1 is H and R2 is a C2-C4 or a C2-C4 substituted with at least one hydroxyl group.

Abstract: An amide-group-containing polyacetal, having acetal structure unit (1) of general formula (1) below in its molecule. This amide-group-containing polyacetal is usable as a detergent builder for detergent compositions. ##STR1## A production process of an amide-group-containing polyacetal, comprising the step of carrying out an ester-amide exchange reaction between an ester-group-containing polyacetal having acetal structure unit (3) of general formula (3) below in its molecule and an amine.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of poly-o-hydroxyamides and poly-o-mercaptoamides, a bis-o-aminophenol or a bis-o-aminothiophenol is reacted with a dicarboxylic acid derivative of the following structure: ##STR1## with D=O, S, or NH and where R* is the parent body of the dicarboxylic acid and at least one of the groups R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is CN or NO.sub.2.

Abstract: Methods for solid phase synthesis of N-alkyl amides comprise reductive amination of carbonyl compounds using a reducing agent and an amine-containing linker bound to a solid support. The methods afford high yields of linker-bound, monoalkylated amines, and subsequent coupling with acid derivatives provide derivatized N-substituted amides in excellent yields after cleavage from the solid-phase. Compositions useful in solid phase synthesis are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a blocked polyisocyanate composition comprising: a blocked polyisocyanate obtained by blocking the terminal isocyanate groups of a two or more terminal isocyanate groups-containing polyisocyanate derived from at least one diisocyanate selected from an aliphatic diisocyanate and an alicyclic diisocyanate with a blocking agent comprising at least one active methylene compound selected from a malonic diester and an acetoacetic ester; and a salt of a basic compound with an acidic compound, or a mixture of the salt with the basic compound or the acidic compound, the composition having a pH value of from 1 to 8.5. The blocked polyisocyanate composition of the present invention not only exhibits high stability even under high temperature conditions, but also is capable of maintaining such high stability for a prolonged period of time.

Abstract: A method of selective N-acylation of an aminodiol having a primary alcoholic hydroxyl group and a secondary alcoholic hydroxyl group, in which the objective product can be prepared in high yield and without troublesome extraction and purification operations. More particularly, a method of making a primary amide derivative represented by the following general formula (3) is disclosed: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 11 to 19 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a linear saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms which may have a hydroxyl group at the 1-position, which includes the steps of reacting an aminodiol represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is the same as R.sup.1 in general formula (3) with a fatty acid alkyl ester represented by the following general formula (2):R.sup.2 --COO--R.sup.3 (2)wherein R.sup.2 is the same as R.sup.2 in general formula (3) and R.sup.

Abstract: A process for preparing polymeric amides is disclosed. The process comprises sequentially reacting a hydrocarbon polymer functionalized (e.g., via the Koch reaction) to contain acid, ester, thioacid and/or thioester groups with a heavy polyamine to form a partially derivatized product in which at least about 85% of the functional groups are converted to heavy (thio)amide groups, and then reacting the partially derivatized product with an excess of light amine to complete the derivatization by converting substantially all of the remaining functional groups to light (thio)amide groups. Products of the foregoing process are also disclosed, which products are useful as additives in fuels and in lubricants.

Abstract: A process for producing optically active primary and secondary amines from the corresponding racemates is characterised in that (a) a racemic amine is enantioselectively acylated in the presence of a hydrolase with an ester whose acid component bears a fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom at the proximity of the carbonyl carbon atom; (b) the mixture of optically active amine and optically active acylated amine is separated so that an enantiomer of amine is produced; (c) if desired the other enantiomer of the amine is extracted from the acylated amine by amide cleavage.

Abstract: A perfluoro unsaturated nitrile compound represented by the following general formula:CF.sub.2 =CFO(CF.sub.2)nOCF(CF.sub.3)CNis produced by reaction of chlorine or bromine to a perfluoro unsaturated carboxylic acid ester represented by the following general formula:CF.sub.2 =CFO(CF.sub.2)nOCF(CF.sub.3)COORfollowed by reaction with ammonia, thereby converting the ester group to an acid amide group, and then conducting a dehydration reaction and a dehalogenation reaction of the resulting perfluoro unsaturated carboxylic acid amide represented by the following general formula:CF.sub.2 =CFO(CF.sub.2)nOCF(CF.sub.3)CONH.sub.2in any desired sequence, and is effectively applied as a cross-linking site monomer for fluorine-containing elastomers.

Abstract: Syntheses of fluorinated amide and fluorinated nitrile compounds are improved by use of particular media for the reactions. Fluorinated amide can also be synthesized in high yield in a neat reaction.

Abstract: A process for producing N-monosubstituted acrylamides in high yields without forming by-products. The process comprises preparing a .beta.-dialkylamino-(methyl)propionic ester by the reaction of a (meth)-acrylic ester with a specified dialkylamine, converting the formed ester into an N-monosubstituted .beta.-dialkylamino(methyl)propionamide by the reaction thereof with a primary amine in the presence of sodium methoxide, and thermally decomposing the amide under a reduced pressure.

Abstract: Process for preparing an a-amino acid having the general formula (1) of ##STR1## where R represents an aryl group or a substituted aryl, cycloalkyl or alkyl group, in which process glyoxylic acid, or a precursor or derivative thereof, is contacted in the presence of sulphamic acid with an unsaturated compound chosen from the group of aromatics, cycloalkenes and alkenes. By applying the process higher efficiencies are obtained.The acid obtained as reaction product can be esterified and amidated without prior isolation.