Abstract: A levodopa derivative including a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, and/or solvate thereof, wherein the compound includes substituents which, in aggregate, contain at least 6 carbon atoms which are only bonded to either other carbon atoms or to hydrogen atoms. The levodopa derivative may be formulated as a composition including one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients. The levodopa derivative may be part of a pharmaceutical composition including micro or nano particles in which the levodopa derivative is encapsulated in the pharmaceutically acceptable polymer. The levodopa derivative can be used to treat Parkinson's disease by administering to a mammal an amount sufficient to treat Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (VIIIk): wherein: R2?H or Me; R3?H or Me; R4=Alkyl; R5?O-Alkyl; and Alkyl=aliphatic C1-C4 alkyl. The present disclosure further provides methods of making compounds of general formula (VIIIk), compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIk), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIk) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (VIIIi): wherein: R2?H or Me; R3?H or Me; R4=Alkyl; R5?O-Alkyl; and Alkyl=aliphatic C1-C4 alkyl. The present disclosure further provides methods of making compounds of general formula (VIIIi), compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIi), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIi) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (XIII): wherein: R8=NH2, NH(Me), N(Me)2, The present disclosure further provides methods of making compounds of general formula (XIII), compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (XIII), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of general formula (XIII) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (VIIIg): wherein: R2=H or Me; R3=H or Me; R4=Alkyl; R5=O-Alkyl; and Alkyl=aliphatic C1-C4 alkyl. The present disclosure further provides methods of making compounds of general formula (VIIIg), compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIg), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIg) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (VIIIk): wherein: R2=H or Me; R3=H or Me; R4=Alkyl; R5=O-Alkyl; and Alkyl=aliphatic C1-C4 alkyl. The present disclosure further provides methods of making compounds of general formula (VIIIm), compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIm), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) compositions comprising an effective amount of a compound of general formula (VIIIm) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds useful as anesthetics, such as topical anesthetics, of general formula (I): wherein: R1 is H, —OMe, Me, or one or more electron withdrawing groups; R2 and R3 are each independently H or alkyl or, taken together, form a 4- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring with the adjacent nitrogen atom; R4 is H or alkyl; R5 is H or one or more electron donating groups; and n is 1 to 4. The present disclosure further provides compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of general formula (I), and methods of treating or preventing pain in a subject by administering (e.g., topically applying) such compositions to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to dispersible pharmaceutical compositions comprising N—((R)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-3,4-difluoro-2-(2-fluoro-4-iodo-phenylamino)-benzamide, and, optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I and a process for the synthesis: The invention further relates to a process for the synthesis of 3-carboxamide substituted morphinans where a 3-cyano substituted 6-oxo substituted morphinan is reacted with a 1,3-diol.

Abstract: In recognition of the need to develop novel therapeutic agents, the present invention provides novel histone deacetylase inhibitors. These compounds include an ester bond making them sensitive to deactivation by esterases. Therefore, these compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of skin disorders. When the compounds reaches the bloodstream, an esterase or an enzyme with esterase activity cleaves the compound into biologically inactive fragments or fragments with greatly reduced activity Ideally these degradation products exhibit a short serum and/or systemic half-life and are eliminated rapidly. These compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are particularly useful in treating cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, neurofibromatosis, psoriasis, hair loss, skin pigmentation, and dermatitis, for example. The present invention also provides methods for preparing compounds of the invention and intermediates thereto.

Abstract: Reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent molecules with an activated functionality for reaction with amines useful in tagging biomolecules such as N-glycans and uses thereof are taught and described.

Abstract: The invention relates to one-pot process for preparing (1S,2R)-1-phenyl-1-(N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl)-2-aminomethylcyclopropane of formula (I) comprising the step of reacting (1S,2R)-N,N-diethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-phenylcyclopropanecarboxamide successively with the following reactants 1) triethyl orthoformate and methanesulfonic acid or triethylamine and methanesulfonyl chloride, 2) a phthalimidating agent, 3) aqueous EtNH2, wherein the reaction is carried out in toluene. In another aspect the invention concerns a process for preparing (1S,2R)-N,N-diethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-phenylcyclopropanecarboxamide trough a step of crystallization of (1S,5R)-1-phenyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one.

Abstract: Novel compounds which are antagonists or inverse agonists at one or more of the opioid receptors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel intermediate for preparing tapentadol and analogues thereof, wherein the structural formula is shown as formula I or II, and the groups are defined as the specification. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the novel intermediate and use of the intermediate for preparing tapentadol and analogues thereof. The invention can remarkably improve the product yield and quality of tapentadol, reduce the production cost, and simplify the production procedure. The preparation process is environment friendly, thus more suitable for the requirements of industrial production.

Abstract: A compound that can improve azo pigment dispersibility in a non-water-soluble solvent. The compound is represented by formula (1): wherein R1 to R4 represent hydrogen or halogen; R5 to R9 represent hydrogen, COOR17 or CONR18R19, and at least one of R5 to R9 represents COOR17 or CONR18R19, where R17 to R19 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbons; R10 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons or a phenyl group; R11 to R15 represent a hydrogen, L1R20 or L2R21R22, and at least one of R11 to R15 represents L1R20 or L2R21R22, where L1 represents a divalent linking group, L2 represents a trivalent linking group, and R20 to R22 represent an alkyl group having 8 or more carbons or an alkenyl group having 8 or more carbons; and R16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons or a phenyl group.

Abstract: Novel compounds and compositions for treating patients in need of relief from HIV, AIDS, and AIDS-related diseases are described. Methods for treating HIV, AIDS, and AIDS-related diseases using the compounds described herein are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymerizable ultraviolet light absorbers and yellow colorants and their use in ophthalmic lenses. In particular, this invention relates to polymerizable ultraviolet light absorbing methane compounds and yellow compounds of the methine and anthraquinone classes that block ultraviolet light and/or violet-blue light transmission through ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carboxamide-substituted dyes, the production and use of such dyes as labeling groups in analytics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous concentrate formulations for plant protection comprising: 2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1-(2H)pyrimidinyl]-4-fluoro-N-[[methyl(1-methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamide in the form of its anhydrate; N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine in the form of its free acid, in the form of the ammonium salt or a substituted ammonium salt or a mixture thereof; at least two different non-ionic surfactants with at least one of them comprising an ethylene oxide polymer moiety or an ethylene oxide/C3-C4-alkylene oxide block copolymer moiety, and water; wherein the pH-value of the formulation is below 6.

Abstract: An isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound of formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein A1, A2 and A3 independently of one another are carbon atom or nitrogen atom, G is benzene ring, etc., W is oxygen atom or sulfur atom, etc., X is halogen atom, C1-C6haloalkyl, etc., Y ia halogen atm, C1-C6alkyl, etc., R1 is —CH?NOR1a, —C(O)OR1c, —C(O)NHR1d, phenyl substituted with (Z)p1, D-14, D-52, D-53, D-55 to D-59, etc., R1a is C1-C6alkyl, etc., R1c is C1-C6alkyl, etc., R1d is hydrogen atom, —C(O)R15, —C(O)OR15, etc., R2 is C1-C6alkyl, —CH2R14a, C1-C6alkynyl, —C(O)R15, —C(O)OR15, etc., further when R1 is —CH?NOR1a, —C(O)OR1c or —C(O)N(R1e)R1d, R2 may be hydrogen atom, R3 is C1-C6haloalkyl, etc., R14a is cyano, —OR25, etc., R15 is C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkylthio C1-C4alkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C2-C6alkenyl, etc., R25 is C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl, —C(O)R32 or —C(O)OR32, etc., R32 is C1-C6alkyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl, etc., Z is halogen atom, cyano, nitro, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) in which the radicals A1, A2, A3, A4, L, Q, R1, T and W have the meaning given in the description and to the use of the compounds for controlling animal pests. The invention furthermore relates to processes and intermediates for preparing the compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous suspension concentrate formulation for plant protection comprising: 2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1-(2H)pyrimidinyl]-4-fluoro-N-[[methyl(1-methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamide in the form of its crystalline anhydrate; at least one non-ionic surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene-polyoxy-C3-C4-alkylene block copolymers; at least one anionic surfactant comprising at least one arylsulfonate group; and water; wherein the pH value of the formulation is in the range of 3 to 7.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel therapeutic combination comprising one or more anti-androgen agents and one or more antibiotic/anti-inflammatory agents or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates thereof, useful for the treatment of a dermatological disorder.

Abstract: Several parasites responsible for mammalian diseases are dependent on cysteine protease for various life-cycle functions. Inhibition or decreasing function of these proteases can be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of these parasitic diseases including; toxoplasmosis, malaria, African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, amebiasis, giardiasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, paragonimiasis, fasciolopsiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, dracunculiasis, ascariasis, trichuriasis, stronglyoidiasis, trichostrongyliasis, trichomoniasis or cestodiasis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are derivatives of tetracaine that, among other things, block cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) channels and are useful in the treatment of diseases characterized by overactive CNG channels such as retinal degeneration diseases.

Abstract: A method for preparing a compound of Formula 1 comprising contacting a compound of Formulae 2 and 3 in the presence of a palladium source, a ligand, a base and carbon monoxide wherein R1, R2, X and R3 are as defined in the disclosure. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 5 wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and Z are as defined in the disclosure, using a compound of Formula 1 characterized by preparing a compound of Formula 1 by the method disclosed above or using a compound of Formula 1 prepared by the method above.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclopropylamine compounds, in particular the compounds of Formula (I) as described and defined herein, and their use in therapy, including, e.g., the treatment or prevention of cancer.

Abstract: A novel separating agent for protein purification which not only can adsorb proteins in a sufficient amount for protein purification from a low concentration buffer but also can desorb the adsorbed protein easily just by altering the pH of the buffer and a simple and economical method for its production and a method for protein purification using it. One or two ligands selected from the group consisting of a ligand represented by the following formula (1): (wherein m is an integer of from 2 to 6) and a ligand represented by the following formula (2): (wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, and n is an integer of from 1 to 6) are immobilized on a support via a urethane bond without intervention of a spacer arm.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel intermediate for preparing tapentadol and analogues thereof, wherein the structural formula is shown as formula I or II, and the groups are defined as the specification. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the novel intermediate and use of the intermediate for preparing tapentadol and analogues thereof. The invention can remarkably improve the product yield and quality of tapentadol, reduce the production cost, and simplify the production procedure. The preparation process is environment friendly, thus more suitable for the requirements of industrial production.

Abstract: A methodology and pharmaceutical and gene therapies for the treatment and regulation of memory function are provided. The invention identifies specific HDAC, and in particular, HDAC3 and HDAC4 as negative regulators of memory formation and specifically targets one or both HDAC3 and HDAC4 for down-regulation. By specifically targeting HDAC3 and HDAC4 with small molecule inhibitors and gene therapies it is possible to provide a powerful therapeutic approach to facilitate gene expression during memory formation that can lead to the regulation and treatment of memory disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) along with processes for their preparation that are useful for treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors. Methods of treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors of Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a process for preparing compounds of formula (1), wherein a compound of formula (2) is reacted in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent under hydrogen pressure to form a compound of formula (1) and wherein A and R1—R4 are defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compounds of general formula (1), where in:—-a- is a single or double bond, Ar is an aromatic group, substituted or unsubstituted, R1 and R2 each independently or together are: a hydrogen atom or C1-C6 alkyl group, branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted; the groups R1 and R2 may also form a heterocycle, R3 and R3? each independently or together are a hydrogen atom or C1-C6 alkyl group, X is an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom, and the addition salts of the compounds of general formula (1) with pharmaceutically acceptable mineral acids or organic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bis-amide derivatives of formula (I), to processes and intermediates for preparing them, to methods of using them to control insect, acarine, nematode and mollusc pests, and to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal and molluscicidal compositions comprising them.

Abstract: (R)-2-Arylpropionamide compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutical preparations of the compounds and a process for making the compounds are described. The 2-Arylpropionamides of the invention are useful in the prevention and treatment of tissue damage due to the exacerbated recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes at inflammatory sites. In particular, the invention relates to the R enantiomers of omega-aminoalkylamides of 2-aryl propionic acids, of formula (I), for use as inhibitors of chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the C5a fraction of complement and by other chemotactic proteins whose biological activity is associated with activation of a 7-TD receptor. Selected compounds of formula (I) are dual inhibitors of both the C5a-induced chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes and the IL-8-induced chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel amidic nitrone and a method of manufacturing a data storage media comprising mixing the amidic nitrone, as a photochromic dye, with an organic material or an inorganic material to form a holographic composition and molding the holographic composition into holographic data storage media. Disclosed herein too is an article comprising a photochromic dye and an organic material, wherein the article is used as a data storage media. Disclosed herein too is a method for recording information comprising irradiating an article that comprises a photochromic dye, wherein the irradiation is conducted with electromagnetic energy having a wavelength of about 350 to about 1,100 nanometers; and reacting the photochromic dye.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having antiviral activity and methods utilizing the compounds to treat viral infections.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): wherein Ar represents an, optionally substituted, aryl or heteroaryl group, R represents an, optionally substituted, aryl or heteroaryl group, an optionally substituted straight or branched chain C1.10-alkyl, R1 is H or methyl, X is an extender group, n is 0 or an integer between 1 and 12 inclusive, A is a polyol residue wherein the unsubstituted polyol from which the residue is derived has at least y OH groups, and y is an integer>1, can easily be prepared, and are useful as synergists in radiation curing.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to plant additives containing a molecule selected in a family of compounds, wherein said molecule can modulate some molecular markers and physiological modifications observed in cases of phosphate deficiency. The family of compounds comprises the molecule MC2 of formula (I) as well as analogues thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of Formula (I): (A?)x-(A)-(B)—(Z)-(L)-C(?O)NH2 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, wherein: (A) is heteroaryl or aryl; each (A?), if present, is indepedently chosen from aryl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryloxy, halo, alkoxy, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkoxy, and cyano, wherein each (A?) is substituted with 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently chosen from halo, haloalkyl, aryl, arylalkoxy, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, sulfonyl, sulfinyl, and carboxamide; X is 0, 1, 2, or 3; (B) is a cyclopropyl ring, wherein (A) and (Z) are covalently bonded to different carbon atoms of (B); (Z) is —NH—; and (L) is —(CH2)mCR1,R2—, wherein m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; provided that, if (L) is —CH2— or —CH(CH3)—, then X is not 0. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing anti-inflammatory compound nepafenac comprising preparing a compound of formula (V) wherein a N-halosuccinimide is used as the halogenating agent, followed by desulfurization using Raney Nickel. Also disclosed is a polymorphic form B of 2-amino-3-benzoyl-?-(methylthio)-benzeneacetamide (i.e.

Abstract: Compounds of formulas: are disclosed. The compounds are useful for ameliorating the side effects of therapeutic opiates.

Abstract: The invention discloses compounds of formula II: and methods of making the compounds, which are VR1 antagonists that are useful in treating pain, inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia, urinary incontinence and bladder overactivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel benzamide derivatives of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein the variables A, W, Y, Z, R8, and R9 are as defined herein. These compounds are selective inhibitors of factor VIIa which can be used as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, and prodrugs thereof which are inhibitors of Syk kinase. The present invention is also directed to intermediates used in making such compounds, the preparation of such a compound, pharmaceutical compositions containing such a compound, methods of inhibition Syk kinase activity, methods of inhibition the platelet aggregation, and methods to prevent or treat a number of conditions mediated at least in part by Syk kinase activity, such as Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Abstract: Novel compounds useful for inhibiting the 90kDa heat shock proteins containing a quinone-like moiety and a di-hydroxy phenol like moiety, similar to geldanamycin and radicicol.

Abstract: Disclosed is an industrially advantageous production method of optically active ?-amino acid of formula (5a), which includes subjecting an enaminoester of formula (4a) to an asymmetric hydrogenation: wherein * shows an asymmetric carbon atom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a compound of Formula 1 by contacting compound of Formula 2 with R1—NH2 in the presence of a carboxylic acid and a method for preparing a compound of Formula 2 by contacting a compound of Formula 4 with phosphorus tribromide. wherein R1 is H, C1-C4 alkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl or methylcyclopropyl; R2 is CH3 or Cl; R3 is C1-C6 alkyl or C3-C6 alkenyl, each optionally substituted with up to 3 halogen and up to 1 phenyl; and X is Cl or Br. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a compound of Formula 5 wherein R4, R5, R6 and Z are as defined in the disclosure, using a compound of Formula 1 that is characterized by preparing the compound of Formula 1 by the method above.

Abstract: The invention relates to a retinoid derivative and pharmaceutical composition and use thereof. The compound of the invention is capable of preventing or treating hematological tumors, such as acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, multiple myeloma and lymphoma, solid tumors, such as liver cancer, rectal cancer, mammary cancer and esophagus cancer, and skin disorders, such as psoriasis and acne.

Abstract: The invention discloses a number of therapeutic compounds and a method of treating a disorder in mammal.