Abstract: A Process for preparing ketene in the presence of a fluidized bed material with a surface area of up to about 600 m2/g. The process is further defined as a process for preparing ketene from a sugar or glycolaldehyde feedstock.

Abstract: The embodiments of the process of the present invention relate to the preparation of alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), where the process combines at least one polyamine with a fatty acid chloride in a molar ratio of less than one mole of polyamine to one mole of fatty acid chloride thereby forming an alkyl ketene dimer/amine salt that is subsequently separated into an organic dimer layer and an aqueous salt layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous process for the production of tertiary butyl esters by the reaction of a ketene and tertiary butyl alcohol containing a finite concentration of water. The process may be carried out in an absorber reactor with continuous recovery and purification of products by distillation. This process provides high-purity tertiary butyl acetate without the production of unwanted by-products found in many strong acid catalyzed processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the catalytic pyrolysis of acetic acid for preparing ketene and/or secondary products, which comprises spraying, as catalyst, phosphoric acid in the form of a liquid jet into the acetic acid vapor.

Abstract: A process to produce ketenes by reacting a carboxylic acid in a reactor in the presence of a silica monolith catalyst. The silica monolith catalyst can be prepared by silanizing the monolith.

Abstract: A sizing agent for paper that is a 2-oxetanone ketene multimer which is not solid at 35.degree. C., particularly a multimer mixture in which at least 25 weight percent of the hydrocarbon substituents contain irregularities such as branched alkyl groups or linear or branched alkenyl groups. Paper surface sized with the 2-oxetanone ketene multimer sizing agent and the method of surface sizing paper are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of manufacturing ketenes, more particularly, a process for manufacturing ketenes by gas phase dehydration of carboxylic acids. The catalyst used in this process consists of a high surface area silica of at least 100 m.sup.2 /gram.

Abstract: Production of ketene dimers from fatty acid halides by reaction with tertiary amines whereby the tertiary amine is used both as a reactant and as a solvent/diluent. In the process at least 1.15 moles of tertiary amine is used per mole of fatty acid halide and the process is carried out in the substantial absence of an additional solvent, whereby the produced ketene dimer is obtained by stripping of the tertiary amine followed by separation of formed crystals of tertiary amine hydrogen halide by acid extraction.

Abstract: Acetic acid can be almost completely converted into diketene and water by heating it with a mixture of dimethylsulfoxide and pelargonic acid at 120.degree.-150.degree. C. for fifteen to thirty minutes.

Abstract: When 4-methyl-2-pentanone and acetic acid mixtures are subjected to extractive distillation with a dimethyl sulfoxide - pelargonic acid mixture as the agent, the acetic acid is converted to gaseous ketene which is easily recovered from the 4-methyl-2-pentanone.

Abstract: In this process for the preparation of ketene by the thermal, catalytic cracking of acetic acid under reduced pressure, the hot cracked gases are cooled to approx. 0.degree. to -10.degree. C. and, in the course thereof, water, unreacted acetic acid and acetic anhydride are condensed. The quantity of acetic acid employed for the thermal cracking reaction should be 0.5 to 2.5 t.times.hours.sup.-1 .times.m.sup.-3, relative to the volume V of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger through which the cracked gas is passed. The pressure drop in the tubular heat exchanger should be 50 to 150 mbars and the surface/volume ratio should be 60 to 120 m.sup.-1.

Abstract: Equimolar amounts of phenol and formaldehyde may be prepared from oxygen and toluene. The catalytic oxidation of toluene, when carried out in the presence of acetic anhydride, forms phenyl acetate and methylene diacetate. Pyrolysis of these two intermediates yields phenol and formaldehyde.Significant improvements in this process are achieved when the first stage of the reaction is carried out in the presence of MoO.sub.3.In a further embodiment of this invention it has been found that Group VIII dithiosemibenzil compounds, particularly nickel dithiosemibenzil, serves as a superior promoter for the toluene oxidation reaction.In still a further embodiment of this invention it has been found that persulfate promoters such as potassium persulfate, persulfuric acid, or Caro's dry acid are particularly effective promoters for the toluene oxidation reaction.In a like manner, hydroquinone or resorcinol may be obtained from cresyl acetates.

Abstract: Equimolar amounts of vinyl acetate and phenol may be prepared by oxidation of ethyl benzene. The catalytic oxidation, of ethyl benzene, when carried out in the presence of acetic anhydride, forms phenyl acetate and ethylidene diacetate. Pyrolysis of these two intermediates yields vinyl acetate and phenol.In a further embodiment of this invention it has been found that persulfate promoters such as potassium persulfate, persulfuric acid, or Caro's dry acid are particularly effective promoters for this oxidation reaction.