Abstract: An antimicrobial solution for disinfecting instruments in an automatic sterilization device, the solution comprising: a peracid reaction product formed in situ from combining a liquid acetyl donor with a solid source of peroxide, wherein the in situ reaction takes place in the sterilization device, along with a containment and delivery ampule for use in an automatic sterilization device, and methods for disinfecting a medical instrument employing the inventive antibacterial solution.

Abstract: Present invention relates to a method of preparing a chiral ?- or ?-substituted ketone from the corresponding ?- or ?-substituted aldehyde, wherein the ketone has formula (I), (III) or (V), and the corresponding aldehyde has formula (II), (IV) or (VI), respectively, the method comprising reacting the aldehyde of formula (II), (IV) or (VI) in the presence of an amine, oxygen and an organic solvent, wherein the reaction is carried out in the absence of a metal-based catalyst or a metal-based oxidant, wherein: R is H, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C15 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C15 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C15 heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 heteroaryl; and R? is H, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl, substitut

Abstract: A description is given of (4-haloalkyl-3-thiobenzoyl)cyclohexanediones of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), X, Y, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are radicals such as hydrogen and organic radicals such as alkyl. A and Z are oxygen or alkylene.

Abstract: A method of providing a fragrant odor to an application, comprising the addition thereto of at least one compound of the formula I wherein X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of —CR1R2R3, —NR4R5 and —OR6, wherein R1 to R5 are selected from H and essentially hydrocarbon moieties that optionally comprise at least one oxygen, nitrogen or silicon atom, and R6 is selected from essentially hydrocarbon moieties that optionally comprise at least one oxygen, nitrogen or silicon atom; and, A is an essentially hydrocarbon moiety that optionally comprises at least one oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen or silicon atom, with the proviso that the compound A-CHO is a fragrant aldehyde. The use of these compounds in laundry, household and personal care products confers a long-lasting freshness.

Abstract: A description is given of (4-trifluoromethyl-3-thiobenzoyl)cyclohexanediones of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), X, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are radicals such as hydrogen and organic radicals such as alkyl. A and Z are oxygen or alkylene.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel oleanolic acid derivatives. Methods of preparing these compounds are also disclosed. The oleanolic acid derivatives of this invention may be used for the treatment and prevention of many diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, inflammation, and pathologies involving oxidative stress.

Abstract: A compound, pharmaceutical composition and method for the treatment of mammals wherein the active therapeutic agent is a compound having the structure: wherein: R1 is an electronegative substituent, R2 is R1 or alkyl, R3 is H or O-alkyl, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are alkyl and R6 is H or OH.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and compositions for treating a condition associated with phosphorylation of TASK-1 in a subject comprising administering to the subject an amount of an agent effective to overcome the phosphorylation dependent loss of TASK-1 function so as to thereby treat the condition. In a specific embodiment of the invention the agent is a TREK-1 agonist.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the improvement of organic electronic devices, in particular fluorescent electroluminescent devices, by using electron-transport materials of the formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel oleanolic acid derivatives. Methods of preparing these compounds are also disclosed. The oleanolic acid derivatives of this invention may be used for the treatment and prevention of many diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, inflammation, and pathologies involving oxidative stress.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new derivatives of the penta-1,4-dien-3-ones, as well as their processes of preparation. These compounds present strong antitumoral activity and promising antiparasitic action, behaving as almost atoxic by laboratory assays and also by hystopathologic studies. The present invention refers also to a pharmaceutical composition including the referred compounds, method of treatment for cancer and parasitic diseases.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of performing a stereoselective reaction without use of a solvent comprising contacting a reactant with a chiral reagent under sonication conditions to form an excess of an enantiomer.

Abstract: A polymer film includes: a wavelength dispersion regulator represented by formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, provided that both R1 and R2 are not hydrogen atoms at the same time; and R3 and R4 each independently represents an electron-withdrawing substituent, and R1 and R2, or R3 and R4 may be bonded together to form a ring, and wherein the polymer film has a retardation value that satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2): 70 nm?Rth(548)?300 nm??Formula (1) Rth(628)<Rth(548)<Rth(446)??Formula (2) wherein Rth(?) represents a retardation value expressed in nm in a film thickness direction measured at a wavelength of ? nm.

Abstract: An activated, substantially water soluble poly(ethylene glycol) is provided having of a linear or branched poly(ethylene glycol) backbone and at least one terminus linked to the backbone through a hydrolytically stable linkage, wherein the terminus is branched and has proximal reactive groups. The free reactive groups are capable of reacting with active moieties in a biologically active agent such as a protein or peptide thus forming conjugates between the activated poly(ethylene glycol) and the biologically active agent.

Abstract: An activated, substantially water soluble poly(ethylene glycol) is provided having of a linear or branched poly(ethylene glycol) backbone and at least one terminus linked to the backbone through a hydrolytically stable linkage, wherein the terminus is branched and has proximal reactive groups. The free reactive groups are capable of reacting with active moieties in a biologically active agent such as a protein or peptide thus forming conjugates between the activated poly(ethylene glycol) and the biologically active agent.

Abstract: Methods of synthesizing pharmacologically useful oxazolidinones are disclosed, and, in particular, a method of manufacturing a 5-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-aminomethyl-oxazolidinone by condensing a carbamate with a tert-butylcarbamoyl protected derivative of glycidylamine or 3-amino-1-halopropanol.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel compounds derived from polyquinonic ionic compounds and their use in electrochemical generators.

Abstract: A ruthenium-carrying alumina, which is prepared by suspending alumina in a solution containing trivalent ruthenium and adding a base to the suspension, is provided. This ruthenium-carrying alumina is useful as a catalyst for oxidizing alcohols by contacting the alcohols with molecular oxygen, and can be used for oxidizing the alcohols at a high conversion to produce ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, etc. with good productivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of general formula I or II: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula I or II, intermediates and processes useful for preparing compounds of formula I or II, and methods comprising inhibiting tumor growth or treating cancer by administering one or more compounds of formula I or II.

Abstract: Selected nickel complexes of the anions of certain 2-aminotropones are olefin polymerization catalysts. Novel 2-aminotropones and their nickel complexes are also disclosed together with methods of making these 2-aminotropones.

Abstract: Acid addition salts of imidazolidinones are provided as catalysts for transforming a functional group within a first reactant by reaction with a second reactant. Exemplary first reactants are &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated ketones and &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated aldehydes. Chiral imidazolidinone salts can be used to catalyze enantioselective reactions, such that a chiral product is obtained from a chiral or achiral starting material in enantiomerically pure form.

Abstract: Selected nickel complexes of the anions of certain 2-aminotropones are olefin polymerization catalysts. Novel 2-aminotropones and their nickel complexes are also disclosed together with methods of making these 2-aminotropones. Suitable complexes have the following structure: wherein: R2 is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, provided that R2 is attached to said nitrogen atom in (I) by an atom that has at least 2 other atoms that are not hydrogen attached to it; and R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl or a functional group, provided that any two of R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 vicinal to one another may form a ring; L1 is a monodentate monoanionic ligand and L2 is a monodentate neutral ligand or an empty coordination site, or L1 and L2 taken together are a monoanionic bidentate ligand.

Abstract: An activated, substantially water soluble poly(ethylene glycol) is provided having of a linear or branched poly(ethylene glycol) backbone and at least one terminus linked to the backbone through a hydrolytically stable linkage, wherein the terminus is branched and has proximal reactive groups. The free reactive groups are capable of reacting with active moieties in a biologically active agent such as a protein or peptide thus forming conjugates between the activated poly(ethylene glycol) and the biologically active agent.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed a process for producing an &agr;-aminohalomethyl ketone derivative which comprises subjecting to catalytic reduction the corresponding &agr;-aminodihalomethyl ketone derivative, and which process is efficient and suited for industrial production thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chromotropic nitrone spin trapping agents, methods of making these agents, compositions comprising same, and methods of their use. In particular, azulenyl nitrones of the present invention are effective agents for trapping free radical species and find use as efficient antioxidants in physicochemical and biological systems. Accordingly, the invention also relates to spin adducts formed from the combination of azulenyl nitrones with free radicals. The compounds of the present invention are readily prepared from available starting materials and find further use in assays and in a number of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic applications, including but not limited to the alleviation, modulation and inhibition of the negative effects of carbon-centered or oxygen-centered radical species and other products of oxidation. Moreover, the combination adducts may be colorimetrically detected and, optionally, isolated and characterized to obtain valuable information (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention has its objects to provide a method for reducing &agr;-aminoketone derivatives under mild conditions with high stereoselectivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chromotropic nitrone spin trapping agents, methods of making these agents, compositions comprising same, and methods of their use. In particular, azulenyl nitrones of the present invention are effective agents for trapping free radical species and find use as efficient antioxidants in physicochemical and biological systems. Accordingly, the invention also relates to spin adducts formed from the combination of azulenyl nitrones with free radicals. The compounds of the present invention are readily prepared from available starting materials and find further use in assays and in a number of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic applications, including but not limited to the alleviation, modulation and inhibition of the negative effects of carbon-centered or oxygen-centered radical species and other products of oxidation. Moreover, the combination adducts may be calorimetrically detected and, optionally, isolated and characterized to obtain valuable information (e.g.

Abstract: The invention is based on new methods for making and using compounds and arrays of novel .alpha.-ketoamides, and the arrays and compounds made by these methods. These novel compounds are potential inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes, particularly cysteine proteases such as cruzain. Application of the new methods has led to the identification of a number of new inhibitors, from amongst an array of about 38,000 .alpha.-ketoamide derivatives, having specific activity against three cysteine proteases: cruzain, papain, and cathepsin B. These compounds and other compounds identified by the methods described herein can be useful, for example, in developing pharmaceutic agents for the treatment of diseases (e.g., Chagas' disease) associated with these proteases. Although the disclosed compounds have specific activity for cruzain, papain, cathepsin B, the methods described herein can also be used to identify inhibitors of other proteases.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for preparing novel, solid-phase transfer reagents, specifically phosgenated oxime resins and non-symmetrical ureas, that are useful as supports in combinatorial synthesis for the creation of libraries of compounds for lead identification.

Abstract: The present invention provides illudin analogs of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula I, intermediates and processes useful for preparing compounds of formula I, and methods comprising inhibiting tumor growth or treating cancer by administering one or more compounds of formula I.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for preparing novel, solid-phase transfer reagents, specifically phosgenated oxime resins and non-symmetrical ureas, that are useful as supports in combinatorial synthesis for the creation of libraries of compounds for lead identification.

Abstract: This invention relates to analogs of peptidase substrates in which the amide group containing the scissile amide bond of the substrate peptide has been replaced by an activated electrophilic ketone moiety. These analogs of the peptidase substrates provide specific enzyme inhibitors for a variety of proteases, the inhibition of which will have useful physiological consequences in a variety of disease states.

Abstract: The present invention relates to advanced glycosylation endproducts, and particularly to the use of novel cyclopentenone aminoreductones, 3-alkylamino-2 -hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-ones. Such AGEs can be used in various diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to advanced glycosylation endproducts (AGEs), and particularly to novel cyclopentenone aminoreductones, 3-alkylamino-2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-ones. Such AGEs can be used in various diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surface-modified polymeric adsorbent material comprising a porous post-crosslinked polymer as a substrate and at least one surface-modifying polymer. The porous post-crosslinked polymer comprises a polymer of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, wherein the polymer has been post-crosslinked in a swollen state in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst. A process for preparing the surface-modified polymeric adsorbent materials, and the use of these materials in the separation of organic compounds, enantioselective synthesis and resolution of racemic mixtures are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of treating a physiological disorder associated with an excess of bradykinins in a mammal which comprises administering to a mammal in need of said treatment a compound selected from a series of substituted dihydronaphthalenes and naphthalenes.

Abstract: This invention relates to optical elements capable of second harmonic generation and novel compositions for use in such optical elements comprising polar molecules placed in noncentrosymmetric configuration wherein such optical element has an electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated bonding moiety to an electron acceptor moiety which consists of a selected fluorinated sulfone, fluorinated ketone, fluorinated vinyl sulfone or fluorinated alkyl vinyl sulfone.

Abstract: 4,4-Dinitroadamantane-2,6-dione,6, and a method of making the same.

Abstract: 4,4,6,6-Tetranitroadamantan-2-one and a method of making the same.

Abstract: .alpha.-hydroxyketone derivatives represented by the general formula (I) which are novel optically active compounds; liquid crystal compositions, such as chiral smectic or chiral nematic compositions, containing the derivatives; and liquid crystal devices using the compositions. ##STR1## wherein A and B are independently a radical represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, which may contain --O-- and may be substituted by a cyano group and/or a halogen atom, ##STR3## are independently a single bond, ##STR4## etc., X and Y are independently a single bond, or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, etc., or an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a cyclohexyl group; n is 0 or 1; and the asterisk (*) indicates an asymmetric carbon atom.

Abstract: Nitroaryl carbonyl Formula (IIA) compounds, their nitrodihydroaryl carbonyl Formula (I) intermediates, processes for preparing Formula (II) compounds, and a process for preparing Formula (I) compounds, wherein each process comprises the reaction of a nitroaryl compound with a silane.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## are useful as herbicides, effective against dicotyledonous weeds.

Abstract: A process for preparing an explosive comprising contacting a ketone with a compound capable of producing a product, or compound, containing nitro groups for a time sufficient to obtain a product having a high-energy content and the product resulting therefrom.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy, nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl, or R.sup.a SO.sub.n - wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or C.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are oxo; R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.6 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; and R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.n - wherein n is the integer 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.b is (a) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted with halogen or cyano; (c) phenyl; or (d) benzyl; (10) --NR.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,2-dimethyl-3-arylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid or ester of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar is naphthyl or the radical ##STR2## R.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, Z is oxygen, sulphur, or 1,2-ethenediyl, andR.sup.2 represents hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro or trialkylsilyl or a radical, which is optionally substituted by halogen, from the series comprising alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylenedioxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, dialkylamino, phenyl and phenoxy,comprising reacting a 1-aryl-1-halogeno-2,2-dimethyl-3-butanone of the formula ##STR3## in which X.sup.1 is chlorine or bromine, with a base in the presence of a diluent at a temperature between about -20.degree. and +150.degree. C., thereby to form a 2,2-dimethyl-3-arylcyclobutanone of the formula ##STR4## and reacting such 2,2-dimethyl-3-arylcyclobutanone with chlorine or bromine in the presence of an inert diluent at a temperature between about -30.degree. and +50.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel substituted acetylene-ketones of the formulaR.sup.2 --C.tbd.C--CO--R.sup.1 (I)in whichR.sup.1 represents optionally substituted cycloalkyl with 4 to 7 carbon atoms or the groupings ##STR1## or represents optionally substituted aryl, if R.sup.2 represents optionally substituted cycloalkenyl or optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl;R.sup.2 represents alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl;R.sup.3 represents halogen;R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or halogen;R.sup.5 represents alkyl with more than 1 carbon atom, alkenyl, alkinyl or the CHO group or a derivative thereof, or represents methyl, if R.sup.2 represents optionally substituted cycloalkenyl or optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl;R.sup.6 represents cyano, optionally substituted aryl or the groupings --XR.sup.7 or --CONR.sup.8 R.sup.9 ;R.sup.

Abstract: Insecticidally active vinyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting ##STR2## in which R.sup.12 is a radical selected from the group consisting of ##STR3## with an alcoholate of the formulaM--O--R.sup.8.Various processes for making the intermediates are also described. Many of the intermediates and end products are new.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazoline compound by reacting ammonia, a cycloalkanone and oxygen in the presence of metal cations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of telluroxides as mild and selective oxidizing agents serving to oxidize certain functions, notably >C.dbd.S groups, in the presence of other relatively easily oxidized functions which remain unaffected; telluroxides of interest as oxidizing agents include, for example, compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1, which may be the same or different, each represent an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group; or R and R.sup.1 together with the tellurium atom therebetween represent a heterocyclic ring, which may contain one or more further heteroatoms, and which may carry substituents and/or fused aromatic rings.

Abstract: A process for preparing m,m'-dinitrobenzophenone which comprises reacting benzophenone with nitric acid in oleum.