Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of cycloalkanes utilising a supported gold and palladium catalyst and the use of the supported gold and palladium catalyst for the oxidation of cycloalkanes. Also described is a process for the preparation of the supported catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing adamantanol and adamantanone which comprises reacting adamantane and oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst constituted of a rare earth metal salt and a promoter containing an element selected from group 4 to group 10 of the new Periodic Table, and it is made possible through the production process according to the present invention to produce 2-adamantanol and 2-adamantanone in a high selectivity, high efficiency and safety by oxidizing adamantane under a mild reaction condition.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing a cycloalkane, includes contacting a gas with a starting mixture, to form a product mixture, where the starting mixture contains (i) a cycloalkane, (ii) boric acid, and (iii) cobalt. The gas contains oxygen, the cycloalkane has 9 to 16 carbon atoms, and the product mixture contains a cyclic alcohol. The reactor output is increased by adding the cobalt salt, so that it is possible to lower the temperature, which decreases the rate of parallel and secondary reactions.

Abstract: Cyclic alcohols and ketones having from 7-16 carbon atoms are prepared by a process comprising oxidizing cycloalkanes having 7-16 carbon atom s in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and a sparingly water-soluble and sparingly aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon-soluble transition metal catalyst of Group 6 to Group 12 combined with a boron compound, and separating the sparingly soluble transition metal catalyst by mechanical separation after completion of the reaction.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing a cycloalkane, includes contacting a gas with a starting mixture, to form a product mixture, where the starting mixture contains (i) a cycloalkane, (ii) boric acid, and (iii) cobalt. The gas contains oxygen, the cycloalkane has 9 to 16 carbon atoms, and the product mixture contains a cyclic alcohol. The reactor output is increased by adding the cobalt salt, so that it is possible to lower the temperature, which decreases the rate of parallel and secondary reactions.

Abstract: Compact and preferably cellular polyurethane elastomers are produced by reacting a) polyhydroxyl compounds having molecular weights of from 800 to 6000 and, if desired, b) chain extenders and/or crosslinkers having molecular weights of up to 800 [lacuna] c) naphthylene 1,5-diisocyanate and at least one additional aromatic diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate, 1,2-diphenylethane diisocyanate and phenylene diisocyanate, and/or aliphatic diisocyanate having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and/or cycloaliphatic diisocyanate having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, where the formative components (a), (c) and, if used, (b) are preferably reacted by the prepolymer method, in the presence or absence of d) catalysts, e) blowing agents and f) additives. Isocyanate prepolymers suitable for this purpose are also described.

Abstract: Improved low density polyurethane foams are prepared from an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an NCO content of more than about 31 to about 33.5% by weight comprising:(a) a polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanate comprising(i) about 30 to about 100% by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and(ii) the remainder selected from the group consisting essentially of higher homologues of polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanate, isocyanate-containing ester groups, urea groups, biuret groups, aliphatic groups, carbodiimide groups, isocyanurate groups, uretdione groups and urethane groups; and(b) a polyoxyalkylene polyol having an oxyethylene content of about 30 to about 90%, a molecular weight of about 1000 to about 12000 and a functionality of about 2 to about 8.

Abstract: A Pd/heteropolyacid/boric acid catalyst system, when used with proper diluents, improves the oxidation of olefins to ketones, while reducing scum and deposits on reactor surfaces.

Abstract: The yield and the selectivity of an oxidation reaction of alkyl substituted benzenes to ketones and phenols in the presence of hydrogen bromide is increased through the use of cerium oxide, triphenylborate, boron phosphate and water.

Abstract: Wacker-type oxidation catalysts can be recovered and rejuvenated for further use by separating catalyst solids from the reaction mixture and, optionally, adjusting pH.

Abstract: The oxidation product of cyclohexane with an oxygen-containing gas in presence of a boron compound is, after hydrolysis and separation of boric acid, deperoxidized with a heavy metal catalyst, especially a chromium salt.

Abstract: Olefins are oxidized to carbonyl compounds, for example, 2-hexene to a mixture of 2-hexanone and 3-hexanone, with a palladium/copper/boric acid catalyst and a suitable surfactant or phase transfer agent. The reaction takes place in a diluent system comprising at least two liquid phases, wherein at least one liquid phase is an aqueous phase, and in the presence of free oxygen. The catalyst system can be used to oxidize internal olefins, as well as terminal olefins, at reasonable rates. The catalyst system can also be used for the selective oxidation of linear olefins in a mixed stream containing linear and branched olefins.