Abstract: The use of compounds in the treatment of skin disorders is described. In particular, compounds having the general formula (I): are described. A process for preparing such compounds and their cosmetic or dermatological use are also described. The described compounds can act as bactericides. As a result, they can be useful in the treatment of conditions associated with the presence of bacteria, more specifically of P. acnes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of oxovinylionol and its O-protected derivatives of the formula I in which R is hydrogen or an OH protecting group, for example a group Si(Ra)3, by reacting a compound of the general formula II in which R has the meanings given above for formula I, i.e. ?-vinyl ionol (formula II, R=hydrogen) or an O-protected derivative thereof (formula II, R?OH protecting group) with an oxidant in the presence of at least one transition metal, where the oxidant comprises at least one oxygen-containing compound which is selected from among hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides.

Abstract: A rubber-modified polymeric composition having predominately core-shell morphology is disclosed. The rubber-modified polymeric composition can be a polystyrene comprising styrene, polybutadiene, and a high-grafting initiator formed by contacting singlet oxygen with an olefin containing an allylic hydrogen or a diene to form a hydroperoxide or peroxide. The singlet oxygen can be formed by contacting ground state oxygen with a photo catalyst, such a photosensitive dye exposed to light.

Abstract: Oxidation of organic substrates by means of singlet oxygen, in which organic substrates which react with 1O2 are admixed with 10-70% H2O2 in an organic solvent in the presence of a molybdate LDH catalyst modified by ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol or polyol, and the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 to water and 1O2 is then followed by the oxidation to the corresponding oxidation products, and also modified molybdate LDH catalysts.

Abstract: A process and catalyst for preparing organic hydroperoxides by oxidizing hydrocarbon compounds in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and a catalyst containing a transition metal on a solid support.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethers having structural formula R1O—(CF2O)n—(CF2CF2O)mR2??(I) wherein: R1 is —CH3 or —C2H5; R2 is equal to R1 or —CF2H n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 100; m is an integer from 1 to 100 or, when R2 is —CF2H, m can also be 0; the oxyfluoro-alkylene units —(CF2CF2O)— and —(CF2O)— are statistically distributed along the polymer chain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for oxidizing organic substrates using 1O2 in which hydrophobic organic substrates that react with 1O2 are added to an organic solvent in the presence of a heterogeneous or homogeneous catalyst with 30–70% being compr Afterwards, H2O2 is catalytically decomposed into water and 1O2, and the oxidation into corresponding oxidation products ensues.

Abstract: A process of the invention allows a cycloalkane to react with oxygen in the presence of a catalytic imide compound having an N-hydroxy (or N-oxo) cyclic imide skeleton and thereby yields a corresponding bis(1-hydroxycycloalkyl) peroxide. The catalytic imide compound includes, for example, a compound represented by following Formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each, for example, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a cycloalkyl group, where R1 and R2 may be combined to form a double bond, an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; and X is an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group. The cycloalkane includes, for example, a cycloalkane having from 5 to 15 members. The invention can easily produce bis(1-hydroxycycloalkyl) peroxide from an inexpensive material.

Abstract: Safety stabilized solid, free-flowing compositions based on t-butyl peroxy maleic acid as well as processes for their preparation and use are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of formula CH3—R1—(CH2)2—R2 wherein: R1 is selected among a tertiary alcohol; a 1,2-diol; a halohydrine; an epoxide; an alkene; an aldehyde or an &agr;-hydroxyaldehyde; and R2 is selected among a methylenediphosphonate; a difluoromethylenediphosphonate; or a monofluoromethylenediphosphonate. The invention also concerns the uses of said compounds as selective inhibitors of T&ggr;9&dgr;2 lymphocytes, and their uses, in particular for therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for oxidizing organic substrate by using 1O2. According to the inventive method, organic substrates that react with 1O2 are mixed with 30-70% H2O2 in water, in an organic solvent or in a mixture thereof in the presence of a lanthanide as the catalyst. H2O2 is catalytically decomposed to water and 1O2 and is then oxidized to the corresponding oxidation products.

Abstract: A crosslinking system which includes a 1,2,4-trioxacycloheptane and a crosslink-promoting polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated compound. This system is employed in a process of crosslinking a thermoplastic polymer. Preferred polymers, useful in this process, include ethylene homopolymers and copolymers.

Abstract: A process of producing compounds containing an acyloxyalkoxy group from an alcohol consists of reacting the alcohol with a formaldehyde donor until a compound of the formula:R--O--CH.sub.2 (OCH.sub.2).sub.X OR (V)is generated, wherein x is between about 1 to about 5 and R is an organic moiety. This product is then reacted with a carboxylic acid anhydride. The resulting product has the formula:R--O--CH.sub.2 O--COR.sup.1wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group. The invention further relates to intermediates used in the production of such acyloxyalkoxylated compounds.

Abstract: Novel 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropylperoxy esters are provided. They are useful as a polymerization initiator in polymerizing vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate monomers, with the advantage of completing polymerization within a short time.

Abstract: A process for the production of lower molecular weight polymers by free radical polymerization, characterized in that there is added to the polymerization system a compound of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, an alkyl group, or a group capable of activating the vinylic carbon towards free radical addition;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl group or the group --COZ, where Z is R.sup.3 or OR.sup.3, where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group.X is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group, or a halogen, and the two X groups may be the same or different.The invention also includes polymers or oligomers made by the process and novel compounds of the general formula I as defined above.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxide compositions of Structure A,R--Q--X--R.sub.1 A[Where the R--Q-- grouping contains a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, --X-- is a direct bond or a connecting diradical and --R.sub.1 is a peroxide containing radical all as defined in the Summary of the Invention Section.], polymeric-peroxide compositions derived from them and their uses are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dihydroxy polyphenyl compounds is disclosed which comprises the simultaneous steps of (a) contacting the corresponding diisoalkyl polyphenyl compound or an oxidation intermediate thereof with oxygen under reaction conditions sufficient to form a corresponding dihydroperoxyalkyl polyphenyl compound and (b) contacting the dihydroperoxyalkyl polyphenyl compound with an acid under reaction conditions sufficient to form the corresponding dihydroxy polyphenyl compound. In addition, the intermediate dihydroperoxyalkyl polyphenyl compound is a novel compound.

Abstract: Novel hydroxy peroxides of the Structure AHO--R.sub.11 --X--OO--R (A)[wherein R--, --R.sub.11 -- and --X-- are as defined in the Summary of the Invention Section], having 10 hour half-life temperatures of 85.degree.-100.degree. C., the processes for their preparation, and the use of these novel compositions in curing of unsaturated polyester resins and in initiating polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxyketals useful as molecular weight regulators in polymerization reactions are disclosed. Also disclosed are a polymerization process employing these novel unsaturated peroxyketals as molecular weight regulators, polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating peroxyketals provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality, in a manner which gives a higher monomer conversion and less by-products than with comparable chain transfer regulators.

Abstract: A composition useful as a medicament with improved penetration of cell membranes comprising an active material and a compound of general formula: ##STR1## wherein either residue R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is an alkyl, alkylene, alkynyl or alkoxy group of 3-7 carbon atoms, and the other residue is a hydrogen atom, together with pharmaceutical additives and dilution agents.

Abstract: Described herein is an isocyanate-reactive compound containing at least one linkage of the formula:--X--X--wherein X is independently in each occurrence --NR--, --S--, or --O--; R is independently in each occurrence hydrogen, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, aryl, or arylene; and at least one N, S, or O atom of the above formula is bonded to an aryl or arylene group. Also disclosed are isocyanate-reactive compositions containing the above compound and flexible polyurethane foams prepared therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided a novel organic hydroperoxide, 3-(2-hydroperoxy-2-propyl)phenol. The hydroperoxide is produced by oxidizing 3-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenol or m-isopropenylphenol with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an acid catalyst.There is further provided a method of producing resorcinol which comprises decomposing the 3-(2-hydroperoxy-2-propyl)phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antioxidant-peroxide compound of Structure A,(Y--[R--OO--X).sub.x --An].sub.y Ain which the definitions of X, Y, R, An, x, and y are given in the Summary of the Invention section, for example, t-butyl peroxy-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxypheneyl) propionate, processes for producing polymeric composition of enhanced oxidative stability via initiation of polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, curing of elastomers and unsaturated polyester resins, modification of polypropylene and other polymers and copolymers, and crosslinking of olefin polymers and copolymers, and the resulting polymers having enhanced oxidative stability.

Abstract: A novel cyclic monoperoxyketal represented by the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent hydrogen atoms, or same or different alkyl groups having 1-3 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 may be separate groups, in which R.sup.6 represents an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms and R.sup.7 represents an alkyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, or may be combined into a cylcoalkylene group having 3-12 carbon atoms, has high stability and excellent decomposition property, and is useful as a polymerization initiator of unsaturated monomers and as a curing agent of unsaturated polyester resin.

Abstract: A novel polymeric peroxide used as a free radical polymerization initiator for vinyl monomers is a compound alternately bonding the two particular structural units in random form and having two different thermal decomposition rates.

Abstract: Novel hydroperoxide of formula ##STR1## and use of same as intermediate for the preparation of 3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylperhydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan, also known as AMBROX (registered tradename of FIRMENICH SA, Geneva/Switzerland).Process for its preparation via an oxidation of sclareol by means of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an acidic agent.

Abstract: Novel hydroperoxide of formula ##STR1## and use of same as intermediate for the preparation of 3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylperhydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan, also known as AMBROX (registered tradename of FIRMENICH SA, Geneva/Switzerland).Process for its preparation via an oxidation of sclareol by means of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an acidic agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of glyoxal, alkylglyoxals and acetals thereof by reacting .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dialkylacetals with the equivalent amount of ozone and subsequently subjecting the ozonization products to catalytic hydrogenation, the peroxide-containing ozonization solution being fed continuously into a suspension of the hydrogenation catalyst, while a peroxide content of not more than 0.1 mole/liter is maintained, and cleaving the ozonization products by reduction, after which the dialkylacetals formed in the hydrogenation are, if desired, cleaved to give glyoxal or alkylglyoxals.

Abstract: Novel peroxide compounds and the use thereof. In particular, the present invention concerns .beta.-hydroxycyclopentylperoxide compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or an organic residue of 1 to 9 carbon atoms. These novel peroxide compounds are useful as an intermediate in the production of glutaraldehydes.

Abstract: 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether (DHDPE) is prepared by the catalytic oxidation of 4,4'-diisopropyldiphenyl ether to the corresponding dihydroperoxide, the latter being subjected to acid cleavage to provide the desired dihydroxy compound.

Abstract: Compounds containing at least one keto group and at least one peroxy group, each peroxy oxygen being joined to a tertiary carbon atom.Examples: 2-Methyl-2-(t-butylperoxy)-4-pentanone. 2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-bis(t-butylperoxy)-4-heptanone. 3,5,5-Trimethyl-3-(t-butylperoxy)cyclohexanone.The compounds are prepared by the strong acid catalyzed addition of a tertiary hydroperoxide to an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone. Illustration: Mesityl oxide and pinanyl hydroperoxide, in slight excess, were reacted at 0.degree. C. in the presence of 77% sulfuric acid; the reaction mix was stirred for 16 hours at 25.degree. C. Product 2-methyl-2-pinanyl-peroxy-4-pentanone was recovered.

Abstract: Novel peroxyketals having the general formula ##STR1## are provided, wherein R' represents a tert.alkyl group having 4-12 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 represents a branched or a non-branched alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 5-12 carbon atoms. The peroxyketals can be used to advantage for initiating the copolymerization reaction of ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as unsaturated polyester resins containing both an unsaturated polyester and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as styrene.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel hydroperoxide derivatives of hydroxyethylated compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## a-whole number 10 to 30, b, c are absent, R=n-alkyl from C.sub.8 to C.sub.20, secondary alkyl of C.sub.14, C.sub.15 and ##STR2## where R.sub.2 =n-alkyl from C.sub.8 to C.sub.12 ##STR3## where R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 =R.sub.8 --C.dbd.O, where R.sub.8 =--CH.sub.3 or H, if R.sub.6,7,9 =H R.sub.5 is absent or ##STR4## where R.sub.9 =--CH.sub.3 or H, if R.sub.6,7,8 =H, R.sub.5 is absent; R.sub.10 =n-alkyl of C.sub.1 to C.sub.9 of R.sub.3 .noteq.R.sub.4 R.sub.5 =--CH.sub.2 if R.sub.6,7,8,9 =H; if R.sub.5 is absent, R.sub.1 is acyclic and is ##STR5## R.sub.6 =--CH.sub.3 or H, if R.sub.7,8,9 =H, R.sub.5 is absent, R.sub.7 =--CH.sub.3 or H, if R.sub.6,8,9 =H, R.sub.5 is absent, with x=--O--, b-whole number of 8 to 24, (a+c)-whole number of 6 to 30R=R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel ketone peroxides compositions containing them and processes for producing the peroxides and the compositions. The ketone peroxides are those with an alkoxy or hydroxy substituent in the .alpha.,.beta.- or .gamma.-position. The compositions contain (1) the peroxides and (2) water which may be in admixture with a hydrophobic or hydrophilic solvent or (3) a hydrophobic solvent. The peroxides are produced by reacting the .alpha.,.beta.- or .gamma.-alkoxy or hydroxy ketone with aqueous hydrogen peroxide and a source of hydrogen ions, for example a mineral acid.

Abstract: A copolymerizable composition containing an unsaturated polyester resin and a metal accelerator, suitable for copolymerization with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, has incorporated therein as a peroxide initiator composition an alkylaldehyde peroxide which may be unsubstituted, or alkyl- or aryl-substituted, the alkylaldehyde peroxide containing not more than 20 carbon atoms and at least 1.5 active oxygen atoms per carbonyl group of said alkylaldehyde.

Abstract: Cyclohexanol is first autoxidized to a peroxide intermediate and then contacted with selenium dioxide catalyst and a base to afford .epsilon.-caprolactone.

Abstract: A copolymerizable composition containing an unsaturated polyester resin and a metal accelerator, suitable for copolymerization with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, has incorporated therein as a peroxide initiator composition an alkylaldehyde peroxide which may be unsubstituted, or alkyl- or aryl-substituted, the alkylaldehyde peroxide containing not more than 20 carbon atoms and at least 1.5 active oxygen atoms per carbonyl group of said alkylaldehyde.