Abstract: Provided are sorbents and associated methods and systems for removing mercury from process gases or fluid streams. The sorbents may include activated carbon and pyrite. The sorbents may optionally include one or more additives, such as a halide salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method or process for the chemical manufacture of depsipeptides of the formula I employing an aldehyde acetal intermediate, wherein the symbols have the meaning defined in the description, to new intermediates and their manufacture, as well as related invention embodiments.

Abstract: This invention selectively synthesizes a cycloparaphenylene compound having 10, 11, or 13 benzene rings. The invention also synthesizes a cycloparaphenylene compound in which a functional group is introduced into a desired portion. By reacting specific raw materials using a specific reaction, a cyclic compound having 10, 11, or 13 bivalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups, bivalent heterocyclic groups, or derivative groups thereof can be selectively obtained as a pure substance.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to compounds, compositions and methods for diagnosis and/or treatment of a subject suffering from an amyloidosis-associated pathological condition. In certain embodiments, the imaging and/or therapeutic agents of the instant invention may be administered to a subject for identification and/or treatment of amyloid deposits. A specific imaging method detects amyloid deposits by administering the imaging agent to the subject and detecting the spatial distribution of the agent. Differential accumulation of the agent is indicative of AD or an amyloidosis-associated pathological condition and can be monitored by using a PET or SPECT camera.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melanin production inhibitor which has an excellent inhibitory activity on the production of melanin and is highly safe. The melanin production inhibitor is represented by general formula (1) (excluding clotrimazole) and/or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. In the formula, A1, A2 and A3 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an aryl group which may have a substituent, and an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a phosphorus-containing polyphenylene oxide resin with a low molecular weight, comprising the steps of: step 1: providing a phosphorus-containing phenolic compound and a raw polyphenylene oxide resin having a number-average molecular weight of more than 10000; step 2: dissolving the raw polyphenylene oxide resin into a solvent to make a solution of the raw polyphenylene oxide resin; step 3: adding the phosphorus-containing phenolic compound into the solution of the raw polyphenylene oxide resin; step 4: introducing an initiator, and carrying out a re-dispersing reaction at a reaction temperature of above 60° C. under the effect of the initiator; and step 5: after the reaction is finished, the product obtained being phosphorus-containing polyphenylene oxide resin with a low molecular weight, the number-average molecular weight thereof being 1000-6000.

Abstract: A negative resist composition, which shows excellent sensitivity and resolution in pattern formation by exposure to electron beams or EUV, a novel crosslinking agent suitable for the resist composition, and a pattern forming method using the resist composition are presented. The negative resist composition comprises: (A) a polyphenol compound comprising two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in a molecule thereof and having a molecular weight of 300 to 3,000, (B) an acid generator which directly or indirectly produces acid by exposure to active energy rays having a wavelength of 248 nm or less, and (C) a crosslinking agent represented by the chemical formula (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical total synthesis methods of six novel protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitors and application of the inhibitors in the preparation of medicaments for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The PTP1B inhibitors use one or more of the six compounds represented by the structural formulae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, as active components. The compounds can enhance the sensitivity of an insulin receptor by inhibiting the activity of PTP1B, thereby having a favorable therapeutic effect on insulin-resistant T2DM.

Abstract: The monofunctional branched poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has a general formula shown in formula (1), and the bio-related substance modified by the monofunctional branched PEG has a general fomula shown in formula (2), wherein X1 and X2 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, n1 and n2 are each independently an integer selected from 1 to 1000, n3 is an integer selected from 11 to 1000, L1, L2 are each independently a linking group, p is 0 or 1, q is 0 or 1, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, D is a bio-related substance, Z is a linking group, and Z can react with the bio-related substance to form a residue group L3. The PEG-modified bio-related substance maintains good biological activity, and has better solubility and a longer half-life in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the preparation of some novel multiconjugated 2- or 4-hydroxy substituted stilbenes. The method provides one pot multicomponent approach wherein 3-4 step reaction sequences viz. condensation, decarboxylation and Heck coupling occur simultaneously which results in an enhanced yield of desired products and reduced reaction times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of initiating a reaction represented by scheme 1 wherein Q is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X is halogen or a sulphonate; P is an organic radical; R is hydrogen or an organic radical; wherein the catalyst comprises copper and a ligand; comprising providing the compound of formula III in liquid form prior to contacting the compound of formula III with the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 3-tert-butylbenzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and to 3-tert-butylbenzyl methyl ether and to an electrochemical method for producing 3-tert-butyl-benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and intermediates passed through in said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, in which R1, R1*, L1, L2 and L3 have the meanings indicated in Claim 1, and to the use thereof for an active-matrix display, in particular based on the VA, PSA, PS-VA, PA-VA, PALC, FFS, PS-FFS, IPS or PS-IPS effect. The invention furthermore also relates to compounds of the formula I.

Abstract: The present invention produces Cyclic Compound (1) in which organic ring groups including cyclohexane rings and benzene rings are continuously bonded, using a compound having at least one cyclohexane ring and benzene rings with halogen atoms at the two terminuses, in the presence of a nickel compound (bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel, etc.). Thereafter, by converting the cyclohexane rings in Cyclic Compound (1) into benzene rings, a desired carbon nanoring can be obtained. Thereby, the present invention efficiently produces a carbon nanoring made of a compound having a cyclic structure in which a desired number of organic ring groups are continuously bonded, with a short production process.

Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide for norbornane-type ballast materials, norbornane-type photoactive compounds derived from such ballast materials and alkali-soluble positive-tone polymer compositions that encompass such norbornane-type photoactive compounds and one of a PBO or PNB resin.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic film composition comprises (A) a heat-decomposable polymer, (B) an organic solvent, and (C) an aromatic ring containing resin, with the weight reduction rate of (A) the heat-decomposable polymer from 30° C. to 250° C. being 40% or more by mass. There can be provided an organic film composition having not only a high dry etching resistance but also an excellent filling-up or flattening characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention describes phytochemicals present in maple syrup and maple tree extracts by butanol, ethyl acetate and methanol. Novel compounds are isolated from maple syrups, including one compound Quebecol generated in the maple syrup manufacturing process. Also described are digesting extract of maple syrup. The phytochemicals may be used for the treatment or prevention of cancers, metabolic syndromes, diabetes, microorganism infections and/or antioxidants.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline media which can be used, in particular, for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB effect and for IPS (in-plane switching) displays or FFS (fringe field switching) displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical total synthesis methods of six novel protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitors and application of the inhibitors in the preparation of medicaments for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The PTP1B inhibitors use one or more of the six compounds represented by the structural formulae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, as active components. The compounds can enhance the sensitivity of an insulin receptor by inhibiting the activity of PTP1B, thereby having a favorable therapeutic effect on insulin-resistant T2DM.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods of their administration for the protection of cells and tissues from damage caused by FROS in the body of an individual. Compositions comprising halogenated phenol compounds are provided that scavenge or consume FROS in the body. These FROS scavenging compounds may not only protect cells and tissues from damage, but also treat disease and/or alleviate the symptoms of disease associated with high FROS levels. Sunscreen compositions comprising FROS-scavenging compounds of the present invention are further provided to reduce the damaging effects of sunlight on the skin of an individual.

Abstract: Fluorinated arylene-containing compounds and fluorinated polymers formed from fluorinated arylene-containing compounds, and methods are described. Fluorinated polymers formed from fluorinated arylene-containing compound can be used to provide a low energy surface.

Abstract: Provided are a triterpene derivative represented by a general formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an agent for preventing or treating chronic hepatitis C comprising the triterpene derivative or the salt as an active ingredient: [in the formula (I), R1 represents a carboxyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, —CH2OSO3H, or and R2 represents —OR3 or —O— (CH2) m-OR4, where R3 represents a benzyl group which may be substituted with a hydroxymethyl group, a dimethylaminomethyl group, a phenylaminomethyl group, a morpholinomethyl group, a carboxyl group, or a formyl group, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group, or a hydroxy C1-6 alkyl group, R4 represents a phenyl group which may be substituted with a carboxyl group, and m represents an integer of 1 to 3, with the proviso that a case where R1 is —CH2OH, and R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, or a benzyl group is excluded].

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclization process of forming a multiple ring compound from an isoprenoid compound. The cyclization process involves reacting the isoprenoid compound with an acetal initiator under conditions sufficient to form the multiple ring compound. The isoprenoid compound is contacted with an initiator an optionally with a catalyst. Cyclization occurs by reaction of the initiator with the isoprenoid compound. Cyclic acetal compounds wherein the acetal forms part of 6-membered unsaturated ring are also defined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral binaphthyl compounds having good solubility and high helical twisting power. The chiral binaphthyl compounds as dopants in the liquid crystal compositions can help enhance the display quality of the liquid crystal panels.

Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide for norbornane-type ballast materials, norbornane-type photoactive compounds derived from such ballast materials and alkali-soluble positive-tone polymer compositions that encompass such norbornane-type photoactive compounds and one of a PBO or PNB resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to tricyclic aromatics of the general formula I in which A1, A2, A3, A4, Q1-Q2, R1, R2, X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, q, r, s, t and u have the meaning indicated, and to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media and to an electro-optical display element containing same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 3-tert-butylbenzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and to 3-tert-butylbenzyl methyl ether and to an electrochemical method for producing 3-tert-butyl-benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal and intermediates passed through in said method.

Abstract: Described herein are methods, compositions and articles of manufacture involving neutral conjugated polymers including methods for synthesis of neutral conjugated water-soluble polymers with linkers along the polymer main chain structure and terminal end capping units. Such polymers may serve in the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices and in the development of highly efficient biosensors. The invention further relates to the application of these polymers in assay methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melanin production inhibitor which has an excellent inhibitory activity on the production of melanin and is highly safe. The melanin production inhibitor comprises a compound represented by general formula (1) (excluding clotrimazole), and/or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A compound for an organic thin film transistor having a structure of the following formula (1): wherein R1 to R6 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylamino group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a dialkylamino group having 2 to 60 carbon atoms (the alkyl groups may be combined with each other to form a ring structure containing the nitrogen atom), an alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylsilylacetylene group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms or a cyano group, which each may have

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a tetrafluoro nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound such as tetrafluoropyrrolidine in good yield and at low cost. The method comprises the steps of: (A) reacting a compound represented by the formula (I) with fluorine gas to produce a tetrafluoro compound represented by the formula (II), (B) converting the tetrafluoro derivative represented by the formula (II) to a compound represented by the formula (III), and (C) reacting the compound represented by the formula (III) with an amine compound represented by the formula NH2R9 to produce a tetrafluoro nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound represented by the formula (IV) or salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) below in which: —R1 and R3 represent, independently of one another, a methoxy group optionally substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, —R2 and R4 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a methoxy group optionally substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, —A represents a ring chosen from the group comprising aryl and heteroaryl groups, said ring possibly being substituted by or fused to a heterocycle, —X represents a nitrogen atom or a CH group, and —Z1 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, preferably fluorine, and —Z2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, preferably fluorine, a C1 to C4 alkyl group, an aryl group or a —CN, —SO2NR12R13, —SO2R9, —COOR15 or —COR15 group, and also to the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the isomers thereof and the prodrugs thereof.

Abstract: A fused polycyclic compounds is represented by the general formula (I): wherein X1 to X18 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

Abstract: Cannabinoid derivatives are known for their function in the central as well as peripheral nervous system. Disclosed are some novel (+)-cannabidiol (CBD) derivatives of the general formula (I) having selective activity in the peripheral, but not in the central nervous system. Use of (+)-CBD derivatives as analgesics, anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal agents is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is an electronic device and a process for making the electronic device in which the semiconductor component comprises at least one carbon nanotube functionalized with a fluorinated olefin. Functionalization with the fluorinated olefin renders the carbon nanotube semiconducting.

Abstract: There are provided: a proton transporting material that improves mechanical characteristics of a sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material, can be kept as a membrane even though it is made a solid state while maintaining a molecular arrangement of a liquid crystalline state, and is suitable for electrolyte membranes of fuel cells etc.; an ion exchange membrane, a membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA), and a fuel cell that use the proton transporting material; a starting material for the proton transporting material. The proton transporting material has a molecular structure produced by crosslinking the sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material with a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups in sites except that of the sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed for the production of chemiluminescent light, particularly for the production of blue/violet light within the range of about 390 nm to less than 438 nm, and most particularly to the use of compounds composed of symmetrically and asymmetrically substituted anthracenes which are effective for increasing the production of such blue/violet light when used as fluorescers in conjunction with chemiluminescent systems. These systems utilize derivatives of 9,10-diphenylanthracene containing one or more fluorines As shown in General Formulae 1-3. The variables shown in Formulae 1-3 are defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for preparing diisopropyl {[1-(hydroxymethyl)-cyclopropyl]oxy}methylphosphonate (2), which is a key intermediate for synthesizing an antiviral (particularly, against hepatitis B virus) nucleoside analogue. The present invention also relates to new intermediates, and a process for preparing the antiviral nucleoside analogue from the compound (2) prepared according to the present invention.

Abstract: A process for producing a phenylene ether oligomer comprising oxidative polymerization of a specific bivalent phenol compound and a specific monovalent phenol compound in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of a phenylene ether oligomer solution obtained after the termination of the polymerization is replaced with a water-soluble organic solvent having a boiling point higher than that of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and the resultant phenylene ether oligomer solution is brought into contact with water, thereby precipitating the phenylene ether oligomer as particles.

Abstract: Cyclopentadienyl and Indenyl barium/strontium metal precursors and Lewis base adducts thereof are described. Such precursors have utility for forming Ba- and/or Sr-containing films on substrates, in the manufacture of microelectronic devices or structures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a compound of the following formula (2): including the steps of reacting a compound of the following formula (4): with trityl chloride to prepare trityloxy-acetic acid ethyl ester of the following formula (8): reacting the compound of formula (8) with ethyl magnesium halide to prepare 1-trityloxymethyl-cyclopropanol of the following formula (9): combining the 1-trityloxymethyl-cyclopropanol of formula (9) with diisopropylbromo-methylphosphonate in a solvent in the presence of a base to prepare (1-trityloxymethyl-cyclopropoxymethyl)-phosphonic acid diisopropyl ester of the following formula (10): as a solid form, and converting the trityl group of the compound of formula (10) into a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclisation process of forming a multiple ring compound from an isoprenoid compound. The cyclisation process involves reacting the isoprenoid compound with an acetal initiator under conditions sufficient to form the multiple ring compound. The isoprenoid compound is contacted with an initiator an optionally with a catalyst. Cyclisation occurs by reaction of the initiator with the isoprenoid compound. Cyclic acetal compounds wherein the acetal forms part of 6-membered unsaturated ring are also defined.

Abstract: Disclosed are telechelic fluoropolymers and methods for forming the polymers. The fluoropolymers can be formed via step-growth polymerization of bis(trifluorovinyloxy)biphenyls with bisphenols. The formed telechelic polymers possess fluoroolefin functionality at the trifluorovinyl aromatic ether endgroups. Internal groups can include difluorodioxyvinylene groups and trifluoroethyl groups. Formation methods of the telechelic polymers can be controlled so as to control molecular weight and degree of unsaturation of the polymers. The end groups and the internal groups can be further reacted independently of each other, e.g., under different temperature conditions, to form a variety of polymers and/or crosslinked polymeric networks.

Abstract: A method for carrying out a chemical reaction between at least two reactants occupying separate phases within a multiphase reaction mixture has been discovered in which at least one phosphazenium salt is employed as a phase transfer catalyst. The remarkable utility of phosphazenium salts as phase transfer catalysts is illustrated by the preparation of aromatic ethers. The phosphazenium salt phase transfer catalysts are shown to be especially useful in the preparation of aromatic polyethers such as polyether sulfones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula (I) below in which R1, R2 and R3 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group or a (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyl group, R4, R5, R6 and R7 represent a hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group or a (C1-C6 alkyl)carbonyloxy group, and n is an integer between 8 and 20, or its pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, isomers, enantiomers and diastereoisomers, and also mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound and to the use thereof as a neurotrophic agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive liquid-crystal material having features including that, for example, excellent conductivity is exhibited at a low threshold voltage of about 5 V even in a room temperature range, the value of resistance varies with an applied voltage, the current density rises sharply at a voltage of about 5 V, and an excellent charge mobility is exhibited, as well as a process for producing the conductive liquid-crystal material, a liquid-crystal composition which is used for the conductive liquid-crystal material, a liquid-crystal semiconductor element, and an information recording medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially safe, easily operable process for producing an optically active epoxy alcohol derivative useful as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals from inexpensively available materials, and also provides a novel halohydrin derivative serving as an important intermediate for the epoxy alcohol derivative. Furthermore, the present invention provides a process for producing an intermediate for a triazole antifungal agent by allowing a halohydrin to react with a triazole sulfonamide, the process including a small number of steps.

Abstract: The invention relates to aromatically substituted glycerine ethers of formula (I), wherein at least one of the radicals R1, R2, or R3 is or contains an aromatic group. Said compounds can be used, preferably, as surface-active agents.

Abstract: A process for the alkoxyalkylation of an unsubstituted aromatic substrate or a substituted aromatic substrate, said substitution being via a carbon-carbon bond, said process comprising reacting the aromatic substrate with a dialkoxyalkane in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A fused polycyclic compounds is represented by the general formula (I): wherein X1 to X18 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.