Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high-strength synthetic fiber utilizing high-temperature multi-sectional drawing, two-stage high-temperature multi-sectional drawing, or multi-stage high-temperature multi-sectional drawing. The method comprises the following steps: performing, on a synthetic resin, melt spinning or melt extrusion, cooling, multi-sectional high-temperature drawing, heat setting and a fiber surface treatment, wherein the multi-sectional high-temperature drawing comprises independently adjusting temperatures at a front section and a rear section of an furnace, and the temperature at the rear section is higher than that at the front section. The temperature adjustment is performed on different locations in the furnace and according to a crystallization orientation of a fiber molecular chain, significantly increasing fiber strength. The method is widely applicable to manufacturing of various types of fibers, enhancing application performance of the fibers.

Abstract: One illustrative method disclosed herein includes forming a plurality of spaced-apart trenches in a semiconducting substrate to thereby define a fin structure for the device, forming a local isolation region within each of the trenches, forming a sacrificial gate structure on the fin structure, wherein the sacrificial gate structure comprises at least a sacrificial gate electrode, and forming a layer of insulating material above the fin structure and within the trench above the local isolation region. In this example, the method further includes performing at least one etching process to remove the sacrificial gate structure to thereby define a gate cavity, after removing the sacrificial gate structure, performing at least one etching process to form a recess in the local isolation region, and forming a replacement gate structure that is positioned in the recess in the local isolation region and in the gate cavity.

Abstract: Fibrous structures including a fiber and/or a multifilament fiber, sanitary tissue products employing such fibrous structures and methods for making such fibrous structures are provided.

Abstract: A false twist texturing apparatus for false twist texturing a plurality of synthetic yarns in a plurality of processing stations, which each comprise a plurality of feed roll systems, a primary heater, a cooling device, a false twist unit, a secondary heater, and a takeup device. For accommodating the takeup devices, a takeup module is provided, and a processing module is provided for accommodating the false twist units, with a doffing aisle being formed along the takeup module and a servicing aisle along the processing module. To realize a short yarn path, the processing module and the takeup module are joined to form a frame section arranged between the servicing aisle and the doffing aisle. In this arrangement, the yarn passage from the processing module to the takeup module is formed by the secondary heater which is horizontally oriented, so that the yarn is guided between the false twist unit and the takeup device on the frame section along a generally U-shaped path.

Abstract: A stable partially oriented poly(trimethylene terephthalate) yarn suitable for use in subsequent drawing and/or draw-texturing operations characterized by an elongation to break of at least 110%, and a process for false-twist texturing a partially oriented poly(trimethylene terephthalate) yarn are disclosed.

Abstract: A false twist yam including synthetic fiber yam having elongation, crimp rigidity, crimp appearance stretch ratio, dry heat shrinkage stress maximum value, deformation degree of single filament and entanglement number in specific ranges respectively. The yam has good drape properties, soft feeling, bulkiness, and flexibility as well as puff properties, mild luster, and pliable dry feeling. From the yam, woven or knit fabrics having novel texture that cannot be achieved in woven or knit fabrics produced from conventional drawn or false twist yams. The false twist yam is produced in a drawing and false twisting process.

Abstract: A stable partially oriented poly(trimethylene terephthalate) yarn suitable for use in subsequent drawing and/or draw-texturing operations characterized by an elongation to break of at least 110%, and a process for false-twist texturing a partially oriented poly(trimethylene terephthalate) yarn are disclosed.

Abstract: A yarn false twist texturing apparatus having a plurality of side by side processing stations for texturing a plurality of thermoplastic yarns, wherein at each station a first feed system withdraws the yarn from a feed yarn package, and advances the yarn to a false twist zone composed of a heater and a cooling device, as well as a twisting unit. A second feed system withdraws the yarn from the false twist zone and advances it to a takeup device. The cooling device includes a cooling tube, with the yarn spiraling in contact with its outer surface. For an intensive cooling of the yarn according to the invention, the cooling tube is cooled from the inside with a coolant flow, which flows in a direction opposite to the direction of the advancing yarn.

Abstract: Machine for combining an elastomer thread (81) with an unextendable thread (11) wound on respective spools (80,10), which comprises a first pair (20) of rollers for driving the unextendable thread (11), a heating oven (30), a false-twisting group (40), a second pair (50) of driving rollers and at least one interlacing device (60), which are arranged in sequence along the path of the thread (11), characterized in that said elastomer thread (81) is supplied upstream of the said false-twisting group (40).

Abstract: An apparatus for producing thick/thin effects in a filament yarn, whereby between inlet and outlet gallets or pairs of pinch rollers, in a stretching zone, the filament yarn contacts the periphery of at least one rotating disk which is heated and is formed with at least one region of reduced radius in which there is no contact between the filament yarn and the disk. The filament yarn is thereby stretched only in regions in which it is heated by contact with the disk periphery and remains thick in those regions in which it is unheated because of the presence of the recess.

Abstract: A thick/thin and/or color effect composite yarn is produced by depositing a sheath of one or more effect threads on a thick/thin filament yarn in which the thick regions are incompletely stretched, and the resulting assembly is then subjected to stretching to full stretch-out thicker regions.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for producing a thin/thick effect yarn provides a thin/thick effect by segmentwise stretching of a filamentary precursor yarn which is combined with a fully-stretched filamentary precursor yarn so that the latter supports the former. The combination can be effected by twisting, nub entanglement or winding of one yarn around the other.

Abstract: Apparatus for twisting a travelling strand includes a rotary structure rotatable about a rotational axis X--X and a series of pulleys mounted on the structure in an array disposed about the rotational axis X--X with each pulley in the series mounted on the structure for rotation about an individual axis of pulley rotation which is generally parallel to the axis X--X and moves around that axis on rotation of the structure. An input strand guide pulley guides an input strand to be twisted onto a path in which it will successively engage the pulleys and a strand exit guide pulley guides the strand from that path into an exit path along the axis X--X. The rotary structure is driven through a drive shaft and the pulleys are rotated by gearing.

Abstract: Novel fibers have been made from reactor grade isotactic poly-alpha-olefin wherein polypropylene is produced by single-site catalysis and has a melt flow rate of greater than zero to about 5,000, MWD in the range of about 1.0 to about 3.5.

Abstract: A post-coalescence melt-spinning process for preparing fine undrawn hollow polyester filaments having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity at high speeds (2-5 km/min) involving selection of polymer viscosity and spinning conditions, whereby the void content of the resulting new undrawn filaments is essentially maintained or increased on cold-drawing or hot-drawing with or without post heat treatment, and the new fine hollow polyester filaments obtained thereby.

Abstract: A method of making a composite yarn comprising a spandex core yarn and a thermoplastic wrapping yarn in which both yarns are free to extend and contract freely one relative to the other while retaining sufficient cohesion to prevent their separation. The thermoplastics wrapping yarn is polyamide in a flat continuous filament. The wrapping yarn is wrapped in a series of alternating S and Z twists around the spandex core yarn, loops of the wrapping yarn projecting laterally as at positions where a change in the direction of twist occurs.

Abstract: A process for stretching natural staple fibers to reduce the diameter includes the steps of treating a substantially untwisted traveling assembly of natural fibers to plasticize the natural fibers, twisting the traveling assembly sufficiently to substantially prevent drafting of the assembly during subsequent stretching, subsequently stretching the twisted assembly and setting the stretch. Staple fibers having reduced diameters are provided as a result of the stretching process.

Abstract: In a polyester multi-filament yarn consisting of at least two kinds of false twisted filament yarns having different sectional shapes, the present invention relates to a combined and multi-component false twisted filament yarn which comprises at least one kind of filament yarns having a specific sectional shape not having a recess and the other kind of filament yarns having a specific sectional shape having recesses, and wherein the filament yarns having the respective sectional shapes are dispersedly mix-woven. The present invention relates also to a method of producing such a combined and multi-component false twisted multi-filament yarn and a knitted/woven fabric obtained by using such a yarn.

Abstract: A melt spinning process and the nylon hollow filaments and yarns made by such process which includes extruding molten nylon polymer having a relative viscosity (RV) of at least about 50 and a melting point (T.sub.M) of about 210.degree. C. to about 310.degree. C. from a spinneret capillary orifice with multiple orifice segments providing a total extrusion area (EA) and an extrusion void area (EVA) such that the fractional extrusion void content, defined by the ratio [EVA/EA] is about 0.6 to about 0.95, and the extent of melt attenuation, defined by the ratio [EVA/(dpf).sub.S ], is about 0.05 to about 1.5, in which (dpf).sub.S is the spun denier per filament, the (dpf).sub.S being selected such that the denier per filament at 25% elongation (dpf).sub.25 is about 0.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite yarn and composite yarn produced thereby in which a spandex yarn is fed to an air entangling or covering jet while being pre-elongated. Simultaneously, a multifilament partially oriented thermoplastic yarn is fed to the yarn entangling or covering jet while being partially or completely drawn to orient further or completely the thermoplastic yarn. The thermoplastic and spandex yarns are fed through the yarn jet while the filaments of the thermoplastic yarn are entangled to produce a composite yarn with the spandex yarn as the core and the thermoplastic yarn as a covering therefor. The composite yarn is then fed through a false twister and false twisted with the false twist being heat set in the thermoplastic yarn at a temperature which does not adversely affect the spandex core to produce an air entangled false twist texturized composite yarn.

Abstract: Polyester mixed fine filament yarns having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity, and preferably with a balance of good dyeability and shrinkage, are prepared by a simplified direct spin-orientation process by selection of polymer and spinning conditions.

Abstract: Polyester fine filaments having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity, and preferably with a balance of good dyeability and shrinkage, are prepared by a simplified direct spin-orientation process by selection of polymer viscosity and spinning conditions, followed by drawing and/or bulking.

Abstract: Hollow polyester undrawn filaments having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity are prepared by a simplified post-coalescence melt spinning process at speeds of e.g. 2-5 km/min by selection of polymer and spinning conditions whereby the void content of the undrawn filaments can be essentially maintained or even increased when drawn cold or hot, with or without post heat-treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn comprises a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, which is being false twisted or being drawn and false twisted, in a non-contacting condition therewith, a heating member disposed in the heater body for heating the heating wall of the heater body at a high temperature, and yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by the heating wall of the heater body. In a first embodiment, the heater body and the heating member are longitudinally divided into at least two sections. In a second embodiment, the yarn guides are provided with yarn guide heating members which are different from the heating member for the heater body.

Abstract: A method of composite yarn formed of a false twist crimped, heat set elastomeric core yarn intermingled with a false twist crimped, substantially heat set partially drawn, non-elastic yarn. The resulting composite yarn is substantially free of alternating "S" and "Z" twists, as well as voids. The composite yarn of the present invention is formed by increasing the number of turns per inch of the false twist and adjusting the operating conditions of the D/Y ratio, draw ratio of the elastic and non-elastic yarns, disc stacking, heat, and the machine speed to achieve a balanced or stable thread line.

Abstract: A yarn false twist texturing process and apparatus wherein the tension of the advancing yarn is monitored. The resulting signal is processed through a time filter to produce a time averaged signal, and the time averaged signal is compared with a set point signal to produce an adjusting signal which acts to control the false twisting unit so as to provide a substantially constant tension. The adjusting signal is also used to detect deficiencies of the false twisting process which disturb the uniformity of the texturing process.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn comprises a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, which is being false twisted or being drawn and false twisted, in a condition non-contacting therewith, a heating member disposed in the heater body for heating the heating wall of the heater body at a high temperature, and yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by the heating wall of the heater body. In a first embodiment, the heater body and the heating member are longitudinally divided into at least two sections. In a second embodiment, the yarn guides are provided with yarn guide heating members which are different from the heating member for heater body.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for producing a yarn, a synthetic pre-oriented multifilament yarn is fed at a first velocity to a non-heated pin having a diameter less than 10 mm. After turning the yarn around the pin for an angle between 270.degree. and 360.degree., the yarn is heated to a temperature between 100.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. for between 0.01 sec and 10 sec. The yarn is then drawn off the pin at a second viscosity higher than the first velocity.

Abstract: Modifying a polyester with special chain-brancher residues in carefully controlled amounts to provide a draw-texturing feed yarn that can be draw-textured at a speed of 1,000 mpm without excessive filament breaks, and with other advantages in the resulting textured yarns, such as improved bulk and dyeability over prior polyester yarns that could not be satisfactorily textured under similar conditions.

Abstract: A flat multifilament yarn having a very soft unique touch is obtained by arranging two or more types of multifilament yarns having different drawings properties in parallel, and applying a false twisting procedure which includes a twist applying and twist releasing operations to the paralleled multifilament yarn at a temperature of 120.degree. C. or less, and subjecting the resultant false twisted composite yarn to a heat treatment at a temperature of 130.degree. C. or more in a subsequent procedure, the resultant high elongation multifilaments derived from the high drawability multifilaments in the multifilament yarn having a crystallinity (density method) of 10% to 30%, a non-crystalline portion orientation of 0.035 to 0.10, a non-crystalline portion density of 1.31 to 1.36 g/cm.sup.3, and a Young's modulus of 200 to 700 kg/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: Modifying a polyester with tetraethyl silicate or like oxysilicon chain-brancher to provide a draw-texturing feed yarn that can be draw-textured at a speed of at least 500 mpm without excessive filament breaks, and with other advantages in the resulting textured yarns, such as improved bulk and dyeability over unmodified polyester yarns textured under similar conditions, and preferably without sacrificing dye uniformity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a worsted yarn-like false-twisted yarn composed of large-denier multifilaments having a thickness of at least 4 de and small-denier multifilaments having a thickness of 0.

Abstract: A false-twist textured yarn composed of a polyamide filament yarn excellent in stretchability and heat durability suitable for sports wear is proposed, which is characterized in that the maximum value F (g) of a shrinkage force under dry heat and a heat treatment temperature T (.degree.C.), at which the maximum value F is attained, are defined by the following equations:0.20D.gtoreq.F.gtoreq.0.08D, andTm>T.gtoreq.Tm-25wherein D is a titre of the textured yarn represented by denier, and Tm is a melt-breakage temperature of the polyamide filament yarn represented by .degree.C., and that the crimp recovery CR is 15% or more. The textured yarn is preferably produced from a preoriented undrawn polyamide filament under a specific false-twist texturing conditions by means of an in-draw texturing machine with a specific yarn guide for facilitating a threading operation.

Abstract: A method for forming a slub yarn uses conventional false-twist texturing apparatus in combination with one or more air jets to impart striations and/or neps and slubs to continuous filament yarns. Three process configurations are disclosed; each configuration uses one air jet through which yarn passes and which directs turbulent air in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the yarn.

Abstract: Method to produce a spun-like textured yarn comprised of one yarn which is substantially fully oriented and the other yarn is partially oriented. The method involves plying the yarns in the draw zone before being pre-textured. The ply point of the plied yarns is located above the entrance to the heater in the draw zone.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a sewing thread comprising the following steps:drawing an undrawn polyester multifilament yarn;preliminarily heat treating the drawn yarn at an effective heat treating temperature before false twisting;then, false twisting the heat treated synthetic multifilament yarn at a temperature of at least 150.degree. C.subjecting the false twisted yarn to a fluid jet treatment under the slackened condition so as to intermittently interlace in a lengthwise direction constituent filaments of the yarn and so as to form protruded portions protruding from the surface of the yarn; andpost-heat treating the interlaced yarn at an effective heat treating temperature being higher than the heat treating temperature of the false twisting.By this method, a thread suitable for sewing can be obtained.

Abstract: A continuous high speed spin-draw-false twist texturing process for producing a textured nylon yarn having high yarn uniformity is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of (a) melt-spinning a plurality of nylon filaments from nylon polymer; (b) cooling the filaments and combining them to form a yarn; (c) controlling the processing conditions of the nylon polymer of step (a) such that the relative viscosity of the yarn formed in step (b) is at least 45; (d) partially drawing the yarn at a draw ratio of from 2.3 to 3.5 and a temperature of at least 50.degree. C.; (e) simultaneously false twist texturing and further drawing the partially drawn yarn in a draw-false twist texturing zone at a draw ratio of from 1.1 to 1.5; and (f) withdrawing the textured nylon yarn at a speed of at least 1500 meters per minute. The process is particularly useful for the manufacture of textured nylon yarn having a linear density in the range of from about 10 dtex to about 50 dtex.

Abstract: An improved partially-oriented nylon 66 (PON) spinning process and product are provided by increasing the molecular weight well above the levels customary for apparel end uses.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a sewing thread comprising the following steps:drawing an undrawn polyester multifilament yarn;preliminarily heat treating the drawn yarn at an effective heat treating temperature before false twisting;then, false twisting the heat treated synthetic multifilament yarn at a temperature of at least 150.degree. C.;subjecting the false twisted yarn to a fluid jet treatment under the slackened condition so as to intermittently interlace in a lengthwise direction constituent filaments of the yarn and so as to form protruded portions protruding from the surface of the yarn; andpost-heat treating the interlaced yarn at an effective heat treating temperature being higher than the heat treating temperature of the false twisting.By this method, a thread suitable for sewing can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of textile multifilament yarns and, in particular, to a device for twisting multifilament yarns in conventional drawtwister machines. The device includes a pair of twisting rollers mounted to rotate freely on shafts, the axis of which are arranged with a substantial angle between them and in spaced apart and parallel planes. One twisting roll is a straight cylinder mounted on a fixed shaft whose axis is perpendicular to a supporting plate. The other is a frustrum with concave walls and a determined radius of curvature and is mounted on a shaft whose axis is parallel to the surface of the supporting plate.The supporting plate of the twisting device is installed on a surface of the drawtwister machine so that the shaft of the concave roll forms an angle of about 40.degree.-50.degree. relative to an imaginary line connecting the yarn fastening roller and the surface of the godet.

Abstract: A false-twisted polyester yarn of good dyeing and mechanical properties is produced by a process wherein a yarn consisting of an as-spun polyester fiber having a mean birefrigence index (.DELTA.n) of from 15.times.10.sup.-3 to 150.times.10.sup.-3 is heat-treated and continuously, subjected to a false twisting treatment or draw-false twisting treatment. A preferred apparatus used comprises a feed yarn creel, a false twisting heater and an optional stabilizing heater, a false twisting element and a winder, wherein a heat-treating heater of the non-contact type is arranged upstream of the false twisting heater and between the false twisting heater and the feed yarn creel, at a height substantially equal to the height of the feed yarn creel so that the heat-treating heater confronts the false twisting heater; and a yarn cooling zone is provided between the heat-treating heater and the false twisting heater.

Abstract: A specially designed multifilament textured yarn has alternating twists therein. A woven or knitted fabric manufactured from the yarn has a handling similar to that obtained by a hard twist yarn or a true twist yarn and provides pattern with a heather like feeling.In the yarn, S-twist yarn portions and Z-twist yarn portions are alternatingly distributed along the length of the yarn but the non-twisted portion is substantially not included in the yarn. Either S-twist yarn portions or Z-twist yarn portions have a compact twist yarn structure, and the other portions have a bulky twist yarn structure.

Abstract: A process for producing a continuous multifilament yarn of melt-spinnable, polymeric material comprising simultaneously draw texturing two partially oriented feeder yarn ends having different molecular orientation due to their respective spinning operations, including plying the two yarn ends together, friction texturing and air jet interlacing the resulting composite yarn. Also disclosed is the spun-like continuous multifilament yarn produced by the disclosed process as well as the resulting fabric made from the yarn.

Abstract: A process for making filament yarn products is disclosed in which polypropylene, having a molecular weight distribution of less than about 7 and a melt index between about 20 and about 60 is melt spun to produce an as-spun product or additionally interlaced before take-up, twist-drawn, heat set, draw-textured by false-twisting, simultaneously draw-textured, sequentially draw-textured, draw-twisted, draw-Taslan textured, stuffer box crimped and cut into staple fibers, or a plurality of yarns are simultaneously draw-textured by false-twisting while reversing the direction of twist of alternate yarns and thereafter interlacing. Products of improved tenacity, improved birefringence and low elongation are produced.

Abstract: Spinning of polyethylene terephthalate yarn at speeds in excess of 5000 meters per minute and rapid quenching produces highly oriented, amorphous yarn that gives enhanced bulk on texturing.

Abstract: The invention concerns an improved process for the manufacture of a fancy yarn, in particular of the crepe effect and of the kind where a multifilamentary yarn is overtwisted, then subjected to a false-twist texturing treatment carried out in the same twisting direction as the overtwist, which is characterized in that the basic multifilamentary yarn is a partly stretched synthetic yarn, and the complementary stretching is carried out simultaneously with the false-twist texturing.

Abstract: A yarn having variable denier filaments with thick and thin regions is drawn at a draw ratio selected to break filaments in the thin regions. This may be done while false-twist texturing. The resulting broken ends protrude from the yarn, giving a spun-like yarn.

Abstract: A specially designed multifilament textured yarn has alternating twists therein. A woven or knitted fabric manufactured from the yarn has a handling similar to that obtained by a hard twist yarn or a true twist yarn and provides pattern with a heather like feeling.In the yarn, S-twist yarn portions and Z-twist yarn portions are alternatingly distributed along the length of the yarn but the non-twisted portion is substantially not included in the yarn. Either S-twist yarn portions or Z-twist yarn portions have a compact twist yarn structure, and the other portions have a bulky twist yarn structure.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for simultaneously drawing and false-twisting a thermoplastic synthetic yarn, in or by which an undrawn or a partially drawn yarn is drawn under a dry hot condition in a condition of the yarn being false-twisted by twist transmitted from a false-twister and immediately thereafter heat-set under a wet hot condition prior to untwisting.The apparatus includes a yarn heater, which comprises a dry heater disposed on the side of a feeding device for the undrawn or partially drawn yarn and a wet heater on the side of a false-twister along the yarn passing direction.

Abstract: A polyester spun-like textured yarn comprising: a core portion; and a wrapper portion continuously and alternately wrapping about the core portion. The core portion comprises a polyester multifilament yarn (A) which is not dyeable with ionic dyes. The wrapper portion comprises polyester multifilament yarns (B) and (C) which are entangled with each other. The yarn (B) is not dyeable with ionic dyes, and the yarn (C) is dyeable with ionic dyes. Some of the filaments constituting the wrapper portion are entangled and interlaced with some of the filaments constituting the core portion in the boundary region between the core and wrapper portions.