Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making a reinforcing element for use in asbestos-free friction materials. According to the method, heterogenous strands are joined together, without twisting them, and subjected to a fluid jet and to a rubber compounding material. At least one of the strands is fed to the multiplying stage at an overfeed rate.

Abstract: A process for the production of high-quality carpet yarn from PBT having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.9 to 1.2 comprising an integrated spinning-draw texturing process, employing a transport speed to the texturing unit of at least 1,800 m/min.

Abstract: A continuous, substantially uniform tow useful in forming composite molded articles is prepared by forming a continuous tow of continuous carbon fibers, forming a continuous tow of thermoplastic polymer fibers to a selected width, uniformly and continuously spreading the carbon fiber two to a width that is essentially the same as the selected width for the thermoplastic polymer fiber tow, intermixing the tows intimately, uniformly and continuously, in a relatively tension-free state, and continuosuly withdrawing the intermixed tow.

Abstract: A composite article is prepared by forming a continuous tow of continuous carbon fibers, forming a continuous tow of thermoplastic polymer fibers, uniformly and continuously spreading the thermoplastic polymer fibers to a selected width, uniformly and continuously spreading the carbon fiber tow to a width that is essentially the same as the selected width for the thermoplastic polymer fiber tow, intermixing the tows intimately, uniformly and continuously, in a relatively tension-free state, continuously withdrawing the intermixed tow and applying the tow to a mold and heating the tow.

Abstract: In an arrangement for pneumatic false-twist spinning, an air nozzle, which follows the pair of delivery rollers of the drafting unit, can be moved out of its operating position after a yarn breakage. At the same time, a suction tube, which is assigned to this pair of delivery rollers, is brought into the area of the clamping gap of the pair of delivery rollers. In the normal operation, this suction tube is in a cleaning position, in which it is aimed at the circumference of a roller of the pair of delivery rollers.

Abstract: In the case of a process and an arrangement for pneumatic flase-twist spinning having at least one pneumatic false-twist nozzle arranged between a drafting roller device and a withdrawal device, it is provided that the reversing of the twist applied to the sliver by the false-twisting nozzle is at least partially prevented and that fiber ends are spread away from the sliver in the area having an at least reduced twist. In certain embodiments, it is provided that the sliver is only prestrengthened by means of the false-twist spinning and is finished by a subsequent spinning or twisting process.

Abstract: In the case of a process for producing a twisted yarn from slivers that are drawn to the desired size and subsequently are prestrengthened by means of pneumatic false twisting, it is provided that the fiber ends in the form of helixes are wound around the core with such a steep slope that, during the twisting, the fiber ends that were previously wound around the core are wound off the core as much as possible.

Abstract: A combination apparatus for splicing and entwining fiber slivers. A nozzle support arrangement for the nozzles of a splicing mechanism is provided and comprises essentially round rods that are adapted to be disposed horizontally one above another, with the nozzles of the splicing mechanism opening on the surfaces of the rods via nozzle outlets that are surrounded by respective raised portions of the rods. A guide mechanism is provided downstream of the splicing mechanism for converting and bringing the fiber slivers into a flat sliver shape. The guide mechanism comprises the lowermost one of the horizontal rods, upon which the fiber slivers rest, plus two vertical guide rods that are disposed to the sides. Disposed downstream of the guide mechanism is a sliver funnel in which are successively disposed at least two pairs of further nozzles.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of a yarn has a joining group provided with a frame carrying a pneumatic-joining assembly, a unit for conditioning substantially inelastic yarns and feeding them to the pneumatic-joining assembly and a unit for feeding an elastic strand to the latter. A common drive is provided with individually adjustable transmission ratios using conical pulleys and belts.

Abstract: Fiber material to be spun is presented to drafting equipment in the form of a fiber sliver and is subjected to pre-stretching and main stretching in such drafting equipment. While being stretched, the fiber sliver is gathered together to a minimum width which amounts to at least 1.5 times the diameter of a torsion device to be used with the sliver. After being thus gathered together, the fiber sliver is not further gathered together before having torsion imparted thereto while such diameter is maintained. The width of a condenser situated upstream from the main stretching field amounts here to at least 1.5 times the diameter of a pneumatic torsion device situated downstream from such field. The injector component and torsion component of such torsion device are of identical diameter, from their intake opening to their outlet opening. In this way, hairy and soft yarns, similar to ring yarn, are produced.

Abstract: A substantially twist-free, crimped, continuous, multifilament yarn containing randomly-spaced, tightly entangled nubs and the process and apparatus used for making such yarns is disclosed. The nub yarn is made by feeding a substantially entanglement-free, multifilament, crimped, continuous yarn through a forwarding jet, through an aspirating entanglement jet where nubs are formed and passing the yarn through a loop guide. The nubs of the yarn are less than one inch in length and the yarn is useful in textile and carpet end uses.

Abstract: In the case of an air nozzle for pneumatic false-twist spinning having a yarn channel formed of at least two segments and having at least one compressed-air duct leading into the yarn channel, it is provided that for the formation of each compressed-air duct, a groove is worked into one of the segments that is open in the direction of the contact of the other segment and that is covered by the segment that follows. To accommodate selective changes in the compressed air duct configuration the segments are replaceable parts that are clamped by screw threaded nozzle housing parts.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for modifying a spun yarn includes first storage or processing equipment for the yarn, subsequent storage or processing equipment for the yarn spaced some distance from the first storage or processing equipment, a path of travel for the yarn defined between the two sets of equipment, and a false untwister device located along said path of travel for imparting a false untwisting process to the yarn, the yarn subsequently reverting at least partly to the true twist originally present in the yarn, whereby the resulting yarn structure has a very much softer handle than was present prior to the false untwisting step.

Abstract: A glass fiber bulk strand roving that is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another to form a composite entangled structure. The roving of the present invention is made by a process that uses a finger wheel to form axially extending loops in strands and a spinner downstream of the finger wheel.

Abstract: A glass fiber bulk strand roving that is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another for form a composite entangled structure. The roving of the present invention is made by a process that uses a finger wheel to form axially extending loops in strands and a co-axial spinner with an inlet that is positioned above or below the finger wheel.

Abstract: A ply-twisted crimped continuous filament yarn having at least 40 twist reversals per meter and particularly suited for freize style carpets and the process for making the yarn is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manufacture of a glass fiber bulk strand roving which is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another to form a composite entangled structure. The roving which is produced by the method and apparatus of the present invention is made by a process that uses an array of inwardly projecting fingers to form axially extending loops in the strands and a spinner with an inlet that is positioned adjacent the fingers.

Abstract: In the case of a process for producing feed spools for a twisting operation that comprises essentially two slivers that are prestrengthened by pneumatic false twisting, it is provided that after the pneumatic false twisting and before the winding-up, a filament yarn is added.

Abstract: In the case of an arrangement for pneumatic false-twist spinning having an intake nozzle and having a false-twist nozzle, it is provided that air guiding means are connected to the intake nozzle that discharge outgoing air of the intake nozzle that is first directed toward the false-twist nozzle, with at least one flow component that is directed against the transport direction of the sliver.

Abstract: A glass fiber bulk strand roving that is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another to form a composite entangled structure. The roving of the present invention is made by a process that uses a finger wheel to form axially extending loops in strands and a spinner downstream of the finger wheel.

Abstract: A method for forming a slub yarn uses conventional false-twist texturing apparatus in combination with one or more air jets to impart striations and/or neps and slubs to continuous filament yarns. Three process configurations are disclosed; each configuration uses one air jet through which yarn passes and which directs turbulent air in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the yarn.

Abstract: An improved pneumatic spinning machine of the type which includes a draft device composed of a plurality of pairs of rollers, and an air injecting nozzle for producing whirling flows of air to act upon a bundle of fibers fed from the draft device. A front roller of the draft device has an annular air escaping groove formed on a circumference thereof.

Abstract: Textile slivers tend to loose their cohesion when travelling over long distances from one piece of storage or processing equipment to another such piece of equipment. This problem is overcome by subjecting the sliver to a false twisting process during its travel, desirably by a pneumatic false twister located immediately adjacent to the sliver-receiving equipment.

Abstract: A continuous process of making a blended yarn of staple fiber and long-fiber or filamentary material in which the long-fiber or filamentary material is passed through a rupture zone to produce lengths thereof which are fed directly into an air stream with the staple fibers to produce an intimate blend which is conveyed by the air stream directly to an open end spinning device which produces the yarn.

Abstract: A substantially twist-free, crimped, continuous, multifilament yarn containing randomly-spaced, tightly entangled nubs and the process and apparatus used for making such yarns is disclosed. The nub yarn is made by feeding a substantially entanglement-free multifilament crimped continuous yarn through a forwarding jet, through an aspirating entanglement jet where nubs are formed and passing the yarn through a loop guide. The nubs of the yarn are less than one inch in length and the yarn is useful in textile and carpet end uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vortex air nozzle for yarn spinning from staple fibers, comprising an outgoing pair of drawing rollers, next to which is located an inlet chamber for the formation of free tails of fibers, with decreasing flat cross-section and inner grooved channels, ending with a cylindrical part, connected to the outgoing twisting chamber, supplied with tangential channels for air feeding, wherein in the inlet chamber for the formation of the free tails of fibers. The grooved channels are laterally formed in a drawing plane and reach the cylindrical outgoing part, as in the inlet chamber enters part of the circumferential surface of the lower drawing roller, as the cylindrical outgoing part is enveloped by the outgoing twisting chamber, which tangential openings are concentrically formed above the said cylindrical outlet part.

Abstract: A method of high-speed spinning polyamidic fiber, comprising the steps of extruding the polymer in the molten state, cooling the filaments by blowing, and finishing, which is performed in two stages, one upstream and the other downstream of the interlacing device.The latter device includes a containing enclosure wherein the interlacing nozzle and at least two pairs of yarn thread guides are accommodated.Fibers obtained with the method have 5 to 29 knots per meter.

Abstract: The apparatus for interlacing a multi-filament yarn within an interlacing passage comprises a body member containing at least one substantially spherical recess for receiving a substantially spherical air jet or blow nozzle element selectively movable in predetermined directions to provide two-dimensional adjustability thereof. Due to this selective movability of the substantially spherical air jet or blow nozzle element, there exists the possibility of controllably moving the air stream issuing from the air jet or blow nozzle element so as to interlace the filaments of the multi-filament yarn. The air stream can be moved within a predetermined operating range in order to thereby optimize the interlacing of the multi-filament yarn.

Abstract: A fiber bundle produced by feeding combed fibers into a rotating rotor to accumulate the fibers over the inner circumference of the rotor is drawn out therefrom and is introduced into a false twisting unit, where the fiber bundle is false-twisted so that the twists are transmitted to a portion of the fiber bundle adjacent to the fibers accumulated over the inner surface of the rotor. A guide funnel having a guide surface extending near to the fiber accumulating surface is disposed within the rotor.

Abstract: The apparatus for interlacing a multi-filament yarn within an interlacing passage comprises a slide member movable at essentially right angles to the interlacing passage. The slide member has a jet or blow nozzle opening into the interlacing passage. The slide member is selectively movable in predetermined directions. Due to this movability of the slide member there exists the possibility of moving the airstream issuing from the jet or blow nozzle so as to interlace the filaments of the multi-filament yarn. The airstream can be moved within a predetermined operating range in order to thereby optimize the interlacing of the multi-filament yarn. The movement of the slide member is effected by means of a pressure pin or bolt which displaces the slide member against the force of a compression spring.

Abstract: An initial threading mechanism provides for simple but effective threading of the elongated hollow shaft of a vacuum spinning apparatus. Connected textile fibers are fed into the first end of the elongated hollow shaft, into the passageway which extends through the shaft from its first end to a second end. A vacuum tube is mounted for rotation about an axis parallel to and spaced from the axis of rotation of the hollow shaft. When a first open end of the vacuum tube is pivoted into an operative position adjacent the second end of the shaft, and in alignment with the shaft passageway, the vacuum tube connects up to a source of vacuum and draws a segment of the connected fibers completely through the passageway.

Abstract: A twisted spun fibre yarn with interlaced plies, in which the fibres have a spiral structure having open zones and closed zones, the cohesion factor of the spun fibre yarn being less than 100 and preferably between 20 and 80, the torsion factor of the spun yarn having a value of between 25 and 40% of the torsion factor normally used in the conventional processes for a spun yarn of the same count.A method and apparatus is also described for its manufacture this involving the use of a pneumatic interlacing means and which may be used either continuously or discontinuously.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing a fasciated yarn, utilizing an air nozzle for false-twisting a fiber bundle. The apparatus is provided with a fiber passage comprising an inlet portion, a small channel, and a large channel, and is provided also with a contact area on an inner wall of the small channel, this contact area being formed by the intersection at an angle of the small channel and the large channel.During the spinning operation, the fiber bundle is forced against the contact area, effectively suppressing a twist imparted by a vortex such that it does not ascend toward the upstream region.Also, since ballooning can be suppressed by the contact area, the size of the small channel can be increased, resulting in the intake by suction of a sufficient amount of air in the inlet portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a yarn or sewing thread from core and effect yarns. The effect yarn is drawn at no higher than a normal drawing ratio for material from which the effect yarn is made and the effect yarn is softened by sufficient heating, in order to prevent rupturing of the effect yarn during drawing. The core or effect yarn is passed through a wetting device to aid aspiration and entanglement of the core and effect yarns in a fluid jet device. The effect yarn is overfed to the jet device to aid in the formation of a highly entangled looped yarn which is subsequently set by a heated roller while contraction of the yarn is prevented. The core yarn can also be drawn at or below its normal drawing ratio in order to aid in developing thread tenacity and ensure an acceptable elongation at break after dyeing or subsequent wet processing.

Abstract: A roving of short fibers is converted to a continuous twisted thread by a device which grips the roving between the facing teeth of two endless belts, and an acoustically generated transverse air jet is directed at the side of the roving, at a fixed point situated between the two belts. The direction of the air jet is reversed each time the fixed point is passed either a pair of facing teeth, or the midpoint in the gap between two successive pairs of facing teeth.

Abstract: A boucle yarn is produced by entangling a drawn core yarn and an air textured, drawn effect yarn. The air textured, drawn effect yarn provides a plurality of randomly spaced curls or loops around the core yarn to produce the boucle yarn appearance. A number of the random curls or loops are embedded in the core yarn during the entangling process.

Abstract: In a jet spinning device, in order to enable automatic transport of the yarn from a twist jet to an output roller pair which, for spin-technological reasons, is somewhat spaced from the twist jet, the twist jet is placed in flow communication with a pneumatic guide tube projecting up to the output roller pair. In order to enable automatic threading of the yarn or the like into the output roller pair, the opening or mouth of the guide tube is arranged so close to the output roller pair that the yarn is conveyed into the converging space of the output roller pair and is engaged or entrained thereby.

Abstract: A noise control system for reducing the noise level emanating from an air jet spinning machine includes an acoustical door for covering a jet chamber which contains the air jets. The door is automatically opened whenever a yarn suction tube is to be inserted into the jet chamber for a threading-up operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a fasciated yarn comprising two air nozzles (2, 3) arranged at an angle in such a manner that a wedge shaped space (S) is formed therebetween, in which each of the air nozzles (2, 3) has a function of rotating a fiber bundle about the axis thereof in a direction that is the reverse of the other. A yarn passage from the first air nozzle (2) and to the second air nozzle (3) is so adapted that the fiber bundle is not in positive contact with an inner wall of an exit portion (7) of the first air nozzle (2) but is in contact with an inner wall of an inlet portion (4) of the second air nozzle (3), whereby a twist ascent from the second air nozzle (3) into the first air nozzle (2) is adequately suppressed and effective fasciated yarn forming is attainable. According to the wedge shaped space (S), the interference by exhaust air from the first air nozzle (2) with the second air nozzle (3) is eliminated.

Abstract: A new process is provided for producing highly resilient, textured, continuous multifilament polymeric yarns and combinations of such yarns with other continuous filament yarns and with spun yarns. The unstable or wild loops which form in conventional air jet textured yarns are substantially eliminated in the product yarns of this invention. The product yarns are formed by continuously drawing polymeric yarn under controlled temperature conditions, texturing the yarn in an air jet texturizer and subjecting the textured yarn to saturated steam while restraining the linear shrinkage of the yarn in the presence of the steam, followed by continuous take-up of the yarn on a package.

Abstract: Forming a telecommunications cable core unit in which conductor pairs change their relative positions along the core unit. The conductor pairs, as they are fed towards a core-unit forming device, are passed through individual guides which are movable independently of each other laterally of the feedpath of the conductor pairs and within certain confines. A fluid force is used to cause this guide movement. The fluid force may be the force created by an air flow, in which case the guides are buoyant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high speed process and apparatus suitable for the preparation of cigarette filter rods having high tow utilization in terms of pressure drop per unit rod weight without producing substantial tow density variations. In accordance with this invention, it has been discovered that in a process for manufacturing filter elements from opened and deregistered crimped continuous filament tow, wherein said tow is conducted from a mechanical forwarding means through an aspirating jet positioned adjacent a compacting means and wherein means are provided for dissipating aspirating fluid, that filter rod pressure drop and weight variations are reduced by aspirating at low pressures and more specifically, at fluid pressures of not more than about 3 pounds per square inch gauge and by causing the aspirating fluid, at its point of contact with the continuous filament tow, to flow substantially in a direction axial to that of the tow.

Abstract: Textile yarn having a staple yarn character and including continuous filaments with each continuous filament being formed into coils, loops or whorls at random intervals along its length, each continuous filament having a main body section with a portion thereof along the length of the main body section being intermittently separated from the main body section and a fraction of the intermittently separated portion being broken and providing free ends extending from the main body section.

Abstract: A false twist unit comprises a suction portion with a suction channel and with an expansion space connected at the throat portion or narrowest position of the suction channel, which expansion space is connected by means of an air connector or exit to a source of negative pressure. A throttle location connects the expansion space with a pneumatic twist imparting means. In the pneumatic false twist spinning process known from the German published Pat. No. 2,722,319 a sliver delivered from an exit roller pair of a drafting mechanism is forwarded through the suction channel in a predetermined direction and thereafter through the throttle location into the twist imparting means. The twist imparting means produces in the core of the yarn or thread a false twist which builds up in such yarn or thread towards the exit roller pair. The wrapping fibers required for the finished yarn or thread are sucked in as edge fibers through the suction channel simultaneously with the yarn core.

Abstract: A fasciated yarn, consisting of wholly aromatic polyamide fibers, which is excellent in mechanical properties, especially in creep durability in a high temperature atmosphere and is suitably utilized for industrial usage. The yarn can be produced by a method comprising the steps of: stretch-breaking a filament tow of the wholly polyamide fibers to form a staple fiber bundle and imparting a false-twist to the staple fiber bundle by a vortex while retaining parallelism of the staple fibers composing the bundle, thereby obtaining the fasciated yarn. Structural characteristics of the yarn reside in a mean fiber length in the range of from 150 mm to 600 mm, a crimpability of less than 5%, a mean degree of parallelism of less than 3.degree., and a number of wrap fiber groups in a range of from 0.5 to 20 per 1 cm in length of the yarn.

Abstract: Synthetic yarn and yarn-like structures are formed by the method of treating separate strands of thermoplastic material so that at least one has a shrinkage ratio higher than normal at an elevated temperature. The strands are fed forwardly at different rates of overfeed and intermingled in a gas stream with formation of loops on the strands, then heated to cause them to shrink differentially while being held to a predetermined length until shrinkage ceases. Apparatus for performing the method includes yarn drawing means, intermingling means comprising a jet device incorporating intersecting passages for the strands and for a gas under pressure, feeding means and heating and cooling means for the intermingled yarn downstream from the jet device, also means for holding the intermingled yarn to a predetermined length while it is being heated and cooled. Yarn produced by the method incorporates filaments at least some of which present bud-like projections inhibiting relative movement of the filaments.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for making yarn with a core, wherein the free fibers are tightly attached to the core and are wound around it. The core of fibrous material is fed by a pair of feeding rollers, the core being fed through a first jet for the formation of wrapping of fibers. In the first jet, fibers are laterally driven in by an air stream. Simultaneously with the laterally led in fibers in the first jet for the formation of wrapping, there is driven in an additional core thread, which moves with the linear velocity of the core. Such additional core thread is made of fibrous material of staple fibers or is made of filament material. The laterally led in fibers and the additional core thread have a mutual trajectory of movement and are driven in the jet for the formation of wrapping by the suction of the tangentially fed same jet air stream.

Abstract: A false-twist nozzle with an improved structure is provided herein. The false-twist nozzle according to the invention comprises a housing having a large-diameter yarn passage portion and an insert member having a small-diameter yarn passage portion and a fluid conduit hole. When the insert member is within the housing, a complete yarn passage hole is formed through the nozzle. Because the insert member is separable from the housing, drilling of the very small diameter fluid conduit hole can be made easily and accurately prior to insertion within the housing. Furthermore, the fluid conduit opening is disposed both annularly and angularly in the downstream direction with respect to the yarn passage hole, thereby increasing the twisting action induced by the flow of jetted fluid while preventing damage to the yarn.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing novelty yarn with an unusual configuration. An effect yarn is fed to a novelty yarn jet, and a core yarn is fed to a different yarn port in the same jet, the core yarn being maintained substantially taut. The combined core and effect novelty yarn is taken up from the jet and periodically (preferably pseudo-randomly) a pronounced variation in linear density is provided in the combined yarn. This linear density variation is accomplished by introducing a first fluid pulse into the jet at a first position to form a loop in the effect yarn, which loop extends substantially coincident with a portion of the core yarn, and then utilizing a second fluid pulse at a spaced position from the first pulse to impart a spiraling and/or rotating action to the loop of effect yarn to wind the effect yarn around the core yarn.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a crimped continuous multifilament yarn by the sequential steps of air-jet texturizing to form multiple random filamentary loops, immediately pulling out metastable loops formed in the yarn without heating and without stretching or deforming the yarn filaments, next shrinking and heat setting the yarn at a temperature of about 150.degree.-245.degree. C., and then winding the yarn onto a spool at a predetermined yarn tension. The resulting spooled texturized yarn has valuable properties and characteristics in subsequent processing and textile operations.