Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing n-doped graphene and an electrical component using ammonium fluoride (NH4F), and to graphene and an electrical component thereby. An example method of manufacturing n-doped graphene includes (a) preparing graphene and ammonium fluoride (NH4F); and (b) exposing the graphene to the ammonium fluoride (NH4F), wherein through (b), a fluorine layer is formed on part or all of upper and lower surfaces of a graphene layer, and ammonium ions are physisorbed to part or all of the upper and lower surfaces of the graphene layer or defects between carbon atoms of the graphene layer, thereby maintaining or further improving superior electrical properties of graphene including charge mobility while performing n-doping of graphene.

Abstract: A novel substance with which an increase in life and emission efficiency of a light-emitting element can be achieved is provided. A carbazole compound having a structure represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. Note that a substituent which makes the HOMO level and the LUMO level of a compound in which a bond of the substituent is substituted with hydrogen deep and shallow, respectively is used as each of substituents in General Formula (G1) (R1, R2, Ar3, and ?3). Further, a substituent which makes the band gap (Bg) and the T1 level of a compound in which a bond of the substituent is substituted with hydrogen wide and high is used as each of the substituents in General Formula (G1) (R1, R2, Ar3, and ?3).

Abstract: The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I wherein R11, R12, MG11, MG12, X11, X12 and Sp1 have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention. Furthermore the invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I inducing a second nematic phase in nematic mixtures that do not show this additional phase without compounds of formula I.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element including a luminescent compound represented by the following formula (in which R1 to R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, an amino group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a thio group, or a silyl group, and 8 to 13 groups out of R1 to R14 each represent a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.) in a light emitting layer has high durability and excellent chromaticity.

Abstract: A fluorographene and preparation method thereof are provided. For the said fluorographene, the fraction of F is 0.5<F %<53.5% in weight and the fraction of C is 46.5%<C %<99.5% in weight. The method comprises the following steps: providing the graphite; preparing the graphene oxide with the graphite; mixing the graphene oxide with the compound containing fluorine by weight ratio of 1:1˜100:1 in anaerobic environment, reacting at 200˜1 000° C. for 1˜10 hours then cooling down to obtain the said fluorographene. The above-mentioned method using graphite to prepare the graphene oxide, then making use of the reaction of graphene oxide with the compound containing fluorine under a certain temperature has simple process and can prepare fluorographene conveniently.

Abstract: A novel organic compound suitable for emitting green light and an organic light-emitting device including the organic compound are provided. The organic compound is represented by general formula (1). In general formula (1), R1 to R18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

Abstract: To provide a compound, when the compound has both a high clearing point and a low crystallization temperature, having a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase and also an excellent solubility in other liquid crystal compounds, and further having general physical properties necessary for the compound, namely, stability to heat, light and so forth, a suitable optical anisotropy and a suitable dielectric anisotropy. A compound is represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, Ra and Rb are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 4 carbons; and m, n, q and r are independently 0, 1, or 2, and a sum of m, n, q and r is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: 1,4 fullerene deriatives useful for solar cells are provided, where their structures allow for straightforward functionalizations to tune their properties in terms of solubility and LUMO energy levels.

Abstract: Provided are liquid crystal compounds and mixtures incorporating the same. The liquid crystal compounds of the invention generally comprise a cyclopentane group and at least two other rings. In one embodiment, the liquid crystal compounds of the invention comprise a cyclopentane group and at least two other rings, one of which is a fused ring system.

Abstract: An organic compound represented by General Formula (G100) is provided. A novel liquid crystal composition containing the organic compound is provided.

Abstract: Provided is an acenaphtho[1,2-k]benzo[e]acephenanthrene derivative represented by general formula (1): wherein R1 to R16 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; and at least one of R1 to R8 and R10 to R15 is selected from a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel processes for synthesizing N-(4-cyclohexyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyloxy)-acetimidic acid ethyl ester and to the compound of formula I below and other intermediates that are used in such processes.

Abstract: To provide a novel organic compound suitable for an organic light emitting device. This invention provides an organic compound having the skeleton represented by Formula (1).

Abstract: A compound for an organic thin film transistor having a structure represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2, and R3 and R4 are respectively combined with each other to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 6 to 60 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 3 to 60 carbon atoms; the ring being fused to the ring to which the groups are bonded, whereby the structure of the formula (1) has 5 or more aromatic rings that are fused; and the fused rings formed by R1 and R2, and R3 and R4 each may have a substituent.

Abstract: A compound for an organic thin film transistor having a structure represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2, and R3 and R4 are respectively combined with each other to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 6 to 60 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 3 to 60 carbon atoms; the ring being fused to the ring to which the groups are bonded, whereby the structure of the formula (1) has 5 or more aromatic rings that are fused; and the fused rings formed by R1 and R2, and R3 and R4 each may have a substituent.

Abstract: This invention relates to liquid crystal compound of formula I containing benzene derivatives group that hydrogen substituted by deuterium. Liquid crystal compounds of formula I have not only large positive dielectric anisotropy, but also moderate optical anisotropy and driving voltage, thereby having great significance to formulate a liquid crystal mixture. A liquid crystal mixture containing such type of liquid crystal compounds can be applied in various display devices, which is particularly suitable for TN and STN display devices, and can also be used in IPS and VA display devices.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a novel cyclohexane compound that can form a liquid crystal composition of which response speed is improved when mixed with a nematic liquid crystal and the like and to provide a specified liquid crystal composition in which a novel cyclohexane compound is mixed. The novel cyclohexane compound is represented by the following formula (1). (In the formula (1), R1 and R2 represent the same or different R, ROCO or RCOO, and the R represents an alkyl group. The alkyl group may have an unsaturated bond, and, in the group, —CH2— may be substituted with —O—, —CO— or —COO—, and a part of or an entirety of hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. X and Y each independently represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom and does not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom. Further, alternatively, X represents an oxygen atom and Y represents a direct bond to the oxygen atom.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element that uses a compound expressed by the following general formula has low inter-molecular interaction and high orientation during vapor deposition, and by using compounds that are resistant to aggregation, luminous efficiency is high, and there is little change in chromaticity accompanying drive deterioration (either V1 or W1 and either V2 or W2 form rings, the rings formed by V1 and V2 are six-membered rings, and the rings formed by W1 and W2 are five-membered rings; A2 to A4 and A6 to A8 represent CRZ or N, and RZ represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and R2, R3, R7, and R8 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a fluorine atom, a hydrogen atom [sic], or a deuterium atom.).

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is described, which has stability to heat, light and so forth, keeps a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further has a large negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The liquid crystal compound is represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, R1 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, R2 is alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbons; ring A1, ring A2 and ring A5 are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, or 1,4-phenylene in which arbitrary hydrogen is replaced by fluorine; Z1 and Z4 are a single bond, —CH2CH2— or —CH?CH—; a, b and e are 0 or 1, and c and d is 0; X1, X2 and X4 are hydrogen, and X3 is fluorine; and L1 and L2 are fluorine.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is described, which has a negative dielectric anisotropy and contains a specific compound having high stability to ultraviolet light as a first component, and may further contain a specific compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy as a second component, a specific compound having a high maximum temperature or a small viscosity as a third component, and a specific compound having a polymerizable group as an additive component. An AM liquid crystal display device is also described, including the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I R1-MG1-Sp-MG2-R2??I wherein R1, R2, MG1, MG2 and Sp have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention. Furthermore the invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I inducing a second nematic phase in nematic mixtures that do not show this additional phase without compounds of formula I.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a polymer is obtained by polycondensation of a fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative of the general formula (M-1) or an acid anhydride of the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid with a polyfunctional compound having two to four reactive groups corresponding in reactivity to carbonyl moieties of the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative or acid anhydride. [Chem. 134] AOCF2C-Q-CF2COA???(M-1) In the above formula, Q represents a divalent organic group having a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; and A and A? each independently represent an organic group. This polymer exhibits a sufficiently low dielectric constant for use as a semiconductor protection film and has the capability of forming a film at a relatively low temperature of 250° C. or lower.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-performance organic EL device and a novel compound used for the device. The novel compound of the present invention is a fluoranthene compound having the following general formula (2): The organic EL device of the present invention is an organic EL device comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an organic compound layer interposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic compound layer has the fluoranthene compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel organic compound having a high quantum yield and a high color purity. Provided is an organic compound represented by Formula (1) described in Claim 1. In Formula (1), R1 to R20 are each independently selected from hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted thiol groups, silyl groups, and cyano groups.

Abstract: Provided are liquid crystal compounds and mixtures incorporating the same. The liquid crystal compounds of the invention generally comprise a cyclopentane group and at least two other rings. In one embodiment, the liquid crystal compounds of the invention comprise a cyclopentane group and at least two other rings, one of which is a fused ring system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media and to high-frequency components comprising same, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, in particular for microwave phased-array antennas.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for substituting polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compounds with perfluoroalkyl groups. The methods can include heating a polyaromatic hydrocarbon substrate or a polyheterocyclic compound substrate in the presence of a perfluoroalkyl iodide, typically in a closed system, wherein the heating is sufficient to bring both the polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compound, and the perfluoroalkyl iodide, into the gas phase, thereby allowing the substrate to react with the perfluoroalkyl iodide in the gas phase to form polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compounds having one or more perfluoroalkyl substituents. The methods allow for the creation of versatile libraries of novel perfluoroalkyl-containing derivatives that can serve as important building blocks and active components in biomedical, electronic, and materials applications.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel organic compound is represented by the following formula(A), the organic EL device employing the compound as blue emitting layer can lower driving voltage, prolong half-lifetime and increase the efficiency. Wherein m represent an integer of 0 to 8, n represent an integer of 0 to 10, p represent an integer of 0 to 7, HAr represent a hydrogen, a halide, a cyanine group, a substituted or unsusbstituted heteroaryl group system having 5 to 6 aromatic ring atoms, R1 to R4 are identical or different. R1 to R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel materials which can be used in organic electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent devices, and are certain derivatives of fused aromatic systems.

Abstract: A method of forming a layer of an electronic device, for example an organic light-emitting device, the method comprising the step of depositing a precursor layer comprising a compound of formula (I) and reacting the compound of formula (I) in a ring-opening addition reaction: Core-(Reactive Group)n??(I) wherein Core is a non-polymeric core group; and each Reactive Group, which may be the same or different in each occurrence, is a group of formula (II): wherein Sp1 independently in each occurrence represents a spacer group; w independently in each occurrence is 0 or 1; Ar in each occurrence independently represents an aryl or heteroaryl group; R1 in each occurrence independently represents H or a substituent, with the proviso that at least one R1 is a substituent; n is at least 1; and * is a point of attachment of the group of formula (II) to the Core; and wherein the compound of formula (I) reacts with itself or with a non-polymeric co-reactant.

Abstract: A fluorinated polyester blend is prepared by melt blending a fluorovinyl ether functionalized polyester with a non-fluorinated polyester. The fluoroether functionalized polyester can be a homopolymer or a copolymer. The blend is useful for preparing fibers, yarns, fabrics, garments, carpets, and other shaped articles. The shaped articles exhibit durable soil, oil, and water repellency.

Abstract: A condensed cyclic compound is represented by Formula 1, and an organic light-emitting device includes the condensed cyclic compound. The organic light-emitting device may include an organic layer containing the condensed-cyclic compound of Formula 1 and has low driving voltage, high emission efficiency, and long lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed that are useful for treating ophthalmic conditions caused by or related to production of toxic visual cycle products that accumulate in the eye, such as dry adult macular degeneration, as well as conditions caused by or related to the misfolding of mutant opsin proteins and/or the mis-localization of opsin proteins. Compositions of these compounds alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents are also described, along with therapeutic methods of using such compounds and/or compositions. Methods of synthesizing such agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: An embodiment of the disclosure provides a liquid crystal compound having the following formula: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, thiocyanato, or —OCF3; R1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, C1-C12 haloalkly, C2-C12 alkenyl, or C2-C12 alkynyl; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkly, cyano, thiocyanato, or —OCF3; and Z is a single bond, —O—, —CH2O—, —C(O)O—, —OCO—, —C(O)NH—, or —CH?CH—. In another embodiment, a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal compound is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of initiating a reaction represented by scheme 1 wherein Q is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X is halogen or a sulphonate; P is an organic radical; R is hydrogen or an organic radical; wherein the catalyst comprises copper and a ligand; comprising providing the compound of formula III in liquid form prior to contacting the compound of formula III with the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound that has an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds and also has at least one of characteristics such as a high stability to heat, light or the like, a suitable refractive index anisotropy (?n), a low threshold voltage and a suitable dielectric anisotropy (??). A compound represented by formula (1). For example, R1 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, R2 is halogen or alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons; the ring A1, the ring A2 and the ring A3 are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 4 carbons; G is —CH2— or —O—; and m is 1, and n and p is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystal medium, which has a liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy, and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase, is provided. The liquid crystal medium is characterized by containing a liquid crystal compound having four benzene rings and a difluoromethyleneoxy group, and a chiral reagent, and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystalline carbonate and the mixture containing the same: wherein R3 is an alkyl (H2n+1Cn) or an alkenyl (H2n?1Cn) group, each of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the ring A is laterally unsubstituted benzene or pyridine or pyrimidine or trans-substituted cyclohexane ring, symbol r is 0 to 2; the lateral substituents: X2, X3, X4 and X5 in the benzene rings represent independently hydrogen or fluorine or chlorine atoms, X1 is hydrogen or fluorine atom and simultaneously at least one of the substituents: X2, X3 and X4 is fluorine or chlorine atoms, Y is an alkyl or an alkyloxy or an alkenyl or an alkenyloxy group, each of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or hydrogen or fluorine or chlorine atom or NCS group are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting device material containing a compound having a specific pyrene structure, capable of providing an organic thin-film light emitting device which enables high-efficiency light emission and low-voltage driving, and is also excellent in durability; and a light emitting device using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid-crystal (LC) media for use in LC displays of the PS (polymer stabilised) or PSA (polymer sustained alignment) type which contain a liquid-crystal (LC) mixture that contains one or more compounds of formula I

Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting device having an optical output with high luminance and high color purity with extremely high efficiency. The organic light-emitting device includes an organic layer between the anode and the cathode, in which one of the anode and the cathode is a transparent electrode or a semi-transparent electrode and at least one layer of the organic layer contains at least one kind of indenopyrene compound having a specific structure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a liquid crystal (LC) molecule having a five-membered ring structure and a mixture thereof. A traditional LC molecule is modified into the LC molecule having the five-membered ring structure. The rotational viscosity of the LC molecule within an LC panel is decreased by properties of the five-membered ring structure, so that the LC molecule having the five-membered ring structure has a fast off-time than that of the traditional LC molecule. The present invention can decrease the rotational viscosity of the LC molecule within the LC panel by modification of the five-membered ring structure of the LC molecule, and thus the problem of cross-talk effect produced from switching a two-dimensional mode to a three-dimensional mode in an LC display can be improved.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature thereof, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a large elastic constant, a high stability to ultraviolet light and heat, or a liquid crystal composition having a suitable balance regarding at least two of the characteristics; and an AM device having a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth; wherein a liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase and contains a specific compound having a high maximum temperature and a large dielectric anisotropy as a first component, and a specific compound having a small viscosity as a second component, and may contain a specific compound having a large dielectric anisotropy as a third component.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal medium are described. The liquid crystal compound is stable to heat and light and has a large dielectric anisotropy and a large optical anisotropy. The liquid crystal medium has a wide temperature range of liquid crystal phase, a large optical anisotropy and a large dielectric anisotropy, and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystal compound has 4 or 5 benzene rings, one of which is a chlorofluorobenzene ring. The liquid crystal medium is characterized in containing the liquid crystal compound and a chiral dopant and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic electroluminescence element having a high luminous efficiency. An organic electroluminescence element includes an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic compound layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one of the at least one the organic compound layer contains an organic compound shown in Claim 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic compound of which basic skeleton emits light in a yellow range by itself with high luminous efficiency. The organic compound is represented by claim 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic compound having a basic skeleton which has an emission wavelength in the yellow region, a high luminous efficiency, and good sublimability. An organic compound is shown in claim 1.

Abstract: Compounds and methods that release 1-methylcyclopropene, 1-trifluoromethylcyclopropene, and other substituted cyclopropenes are disclosed. The compounds and methods overcome present limitations for storage, transportation, and application of the cyclopropene containing compounds by using light, including sunlight, and/or heat as the primary release trigger. Additional products released include innocuous gases and value added aryl-group compounds.

Abstract: To provide a compound, when the compound has both a high clearing point and a low crystallization temperature, having a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase and also an excellent solubility in other liquid crystal compounds, and further having general physical properties necessary for the compound, namely, stability to heat, light and so forth, a suitable optical anisotropy and a suitable dielectric anisotropy. A compound is represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, Ra and Rb are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 4 carbons; and m, n, q and r are independently 0, 1, or 2, and a sum of m, n, q and r is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: To provide a compound, when the compound has both a high clearing point and a low crystallization temperature, having a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase and also an excellent solubility in other liquid crystal compounds, and further having general physical properties necessary for the compound, namely, stability to heat, light and so forth, a suitable optical anisotropy and a suitable dielectric anisotropy. A compound is represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, Ra and Rb are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 4 carbons; and m, n, q and r are independently 0, 1, or 2, and a sum of m, n, q and r is 1, 2, 3 or 4.