Abstract: Described herein is a process for the manufacture of hydrofluoroalkanols of the structure RfCFClCHROH. Also described herein are methods of manufacturing hydrofluoroalkenes of the structure RfCF?CHR from halofluorocarbons of the structure RfCFX2. In particular, 2,3,3,3,-tetrafluoro-1-propene may be manufactured with this process. Also described are compounds of the formula RfCFClCHROC(?O)R?.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclobutane derivatives of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, A, Z, m, n and o have the meaning indicated in claim 1, to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media, and to liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention

Abstract: A process for purifying octafluorocyclobutane according to the present invention is characterized by contacting a crude octafluorocyclobutane containing impurities with an impurity decomposing agent under elevated temperature and then with an adsorbent to substantially remove the impurities from the crude octafluorocyclobutane. According to the purification process or preparation process of octafluorocyclobutane of the present invention, the impurities such as fluorocarbon can be substantially removed and a high-purity octafluorocyclobutane can be easily obtained. The octafluorocyclobutane obtained by the purification process of the present invention is substantially free of impurities and therefore, can be used as an etching or cleaning gas for use in the production process of a semiconductor device or the like.

Abstract: The invention pertains to benzocyclobutene resins having flame retardant properties. Such resins have a high glass transition temperature (Tg>250° C.), low moisture absorption, low dielectric constant, good mechanical properties, flame retardancy (meets or exceeds UL94 V-O and/or VTM-O requirements), and can be cast onto a reinforcement to prepare a laminate for use as a substrate for electronic circuitry. The flame resistant compound is reaction product of a halogen containing compound of the formulae R&Parenopenst; DA)n or R&Parenopenst; DA&Parenclosest;n R2 wherein R is a halogen containing aromatic group, a halogen containing aliphatic group or a combination thereof; R2 is hydrogen, an aromatic group, an aliphatic group or an combination of an aromatic group and an aliphatic group which may contain halogen atoms; DA is a Diels-Alder reactive diene or a group that can act as a dienophile in a Diels-Alder reaction; and n is greater than or equal to 1; with a benzocyclobutene compound.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing, chiral liquid crystal compounds comprise (a) a chiral fluorochemical terminal portion comprising (i) at least one chiral center, which can optionally be heteroatom-substituted; (ii) a terminal fluoroalkyl, fluoroether, perfluoroalkyl, or perfluoroether group; and (iii) an alkylene or fluoroalkylene group optionally containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom; (b) a chiral or achiral terminal portion consisting of a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon ether group, and, when chiral, comprising at least one chiral center, which can optionally be heteroatom-substituted; and (c) a central core connecting the terminal portions; the alkylene or fluoroalkylene group of the chiral fluorochemical terminal portion having at least 3 in-chain atoms and being located between the chiral center of the chiral fluorochemical terminal portion and the central core. The compounds have smectic mesophases or latent smectic mesophases and are useful, for example, in liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides liquid crystalline compounds having a very high voltage holding ratio, very little variation of these properties depending on temperature, high &Dgr;n, and good compatibility in the other liquid crystal materials particularly under a low temperature, liquid crystal compositions containing these crystalline compounds, and liquid crystal display devices constituted by using the liquid crystal compositions.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for producing hydrohaloolefins having the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.C(CH.sub.2 RF)CF.sub.3, the formula FRCF.dbd.C(CH.sub.2 RF)CF.sub.3 or the formula FRCF.dbd.C(CH.sub.2 RF)(CF.sub.2 RF) wherein each R is a difinctional group of the formula --C.sub.2 F.sub.2 XY-- where X and Y are attached to the same carbon, each X is H, Br, Cl or F and each Y is F or CF.sub.3. The processes involve reacting (CF.sub.3).sub.2 C.dbd.CH.sub.2 or certain olefinic adducts thereof with a second olefm of the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CXY in the liquid phase in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of antimony pentafluoride and aluminum chlorofluoride.Also disclosed is 1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoro-3,3-bistrifluoromethylcyclobutane and a process for its production which involves reacting (CF.sub.3).sub.2 C.dbd.CH.sub.2 with CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF.sub.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing, chiral liquid crystal compounds comprise (a) a chiral fluorochemical terminal portion comprising (i) at least one chiral center, which can optionally be heteroatom-substituted; (ii) a terminal fluoroalkyl, fluoroether, perfluoroalkyl, or perfluoroether group; and (iii) an alkylene or fluoroalkylene group optionally containing at least one caternary ether oxygen atom; (b) a chiral or achiral terminal portion consisting of a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon ether group, and, when chiral, comprising at least one chiral center, which can optionally be heteroatom-substituted; and (c) a central core connecting the terminal portions; the alkylene or fluoroalkylene group of the chiral fluorochemical terminal portion having at least 3 in-chain atoms and being located between the chiral center of the chiral fluorochemical terminal portion and the central core. The compounds have smectic mesophases or latent smectic mesophases and are useful, for example, in liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid skin cleansing compositions comprising (1) mild surfactant systems; (2) 0.1 to 10% by wt. of a polyvalent cation or cations selected from the group consisting of zinc, copper, tin, aluminum cobalt, nickel, chromium, titanium and/or manganese and mixture thereof; and (3) 1% to 99% water wherein said cation or cations provide antibacterial activity. In a second embodiment of the invention, the cation or cations potentiates antibacterial effect in compositions already containing an antibacterial agent. In a third embodiment, the invention relates to a method of enhancing antibacterial effect using these polyvalent cation or cations.

Abstract: Stoichiometric and catalytic chemical transformations may be carried out in solution using novel fluorous multiphase systems (FMS). The term "fluorous" is defined as a carbon-fluorine bond rich organic molecule which is generated by replacing hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms with fluorine. The novel complexes suitable for use as fluorous catalysts and reagents in the present invention contain sufficient number of fluorous moieties to render them preferentially soluble in the appropriate fluorous solvent without impairing the ability of the catalyst or reagent to be effective or participate in the corresponding reaction.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing, chiral liquid crystal compounds comprise (a) a chiral fluorochemical terminal portion containing at least one methylene group and optionally containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom; (b) a saturated, chiral or achiral, hydrocarbon terminal portion; and (c) a central core connecting the terminal portions. The compounds have smectic mesophases or latent smectic mesophases and are useful, for example, in liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: Manufacturing method for hexafluorocyclobutene in which 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane is dechlorinated using hydrogen in the presence of a metal oxide and/or silicon oxide catalyst. Manufacturing method for (Z)-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane which carries out the hydrogen-adding reaction (hydrogen reduction) of the raw material, 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane, in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, or which carries out vapor-phase hydrogen reduction of hexafluorocyclobutene in the presence of a palladium catalyst.Using this manufacturing method, hexafluorocyclobutene can easily be derived in a single step with high selectivity from 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane which can be obtained readily and at a low cost. This method also produces a high yield of (Z)-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane.

Abstract: Hydrofluoroalkanes useful as solvents, especially for vapor degreasing and solvent cleaning, are one or many of the following formulae:CHF.sub.2 --X--(CHF).sub.n --X--Ywherein X is selected from the group consisting of CHF, CF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2, Y is CH.sub.3, and n is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds suitable for use as raw materials which enable cis-olefin compounds useful as physiologically active substances such as the sex pheromones of various insects, or as intermediates for the synthesis thereof to be prepared on an industrial scale at a reasonable cost, and processes for the preparation of cis-olefin compounds by using the same. For this purpose, novel compounds (i.e., 1-halo-cis-3-tetradecenes) of the general formula (I)CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.2 X (I)wherein X is a halogen atom, are used as raw materials for the preparation of cis-olefin compounds.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the production of polyfluoroolefins by the catalytic addition of polyfluoroallylic fluorides to fluoroethylenes. 1:1 and 1:2 Adducts such as F-pentene-2 and F-heptene-3 can be formed selectively and reduced further to dihydro- or trihydropolyfluoroalkanes, which are useful as HFC cleaning agents.

Abstract: An organic polymeric material, which is preferably perfluorinated and which comprises a polymeric chain and at least one group pendant from the chain, in which the group pendant from the chain comprises a saturated cyclic group and at least one ion-exchange group or group convertible thereto, and in which the ion-exchange group or group convertible thereto is linked to the polymeric chain through the cyclic group. Also an ion-exchange membrane produced from the polymeric material, an electrolytic cell containing the membrane, vinyl monomers from which the organic polymeric material may be produced and intermediates useful in production of the monomers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing fluorinated C.sub.4 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbons by catalytically hydrogenating, in the presence of a base, at least partially halogenated olefins. This invention also relates to certain novel cyclic fluorinated C.sub.5 and C.sub.6 hydrocarbons prepared by the process of this invention. This invention further relates to the use of fluorinated C.sub.4 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbons as propellant gas or as working fluid for heat pump systems.

Abstract: A method for preparing an unsaturated fluorocarbon by defluorinating a perfluoroalkane employing activated carbon.

Abstract: A method for preparing an unsaturated fluorocarbon by defluorinating a perfluoroalkene employing activated carbon.

Abstract: A process for the perfluoroalkylation of aromatic derivatives. In a first stage, an aromatic derivative, sulfur dioxide and a metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, manganese, cadmium, magnesium, tin, iron, nickel and cobalt, are brought into contact in a solvent, preferably a polar aprotic solvent. In a second stage, a perfluoroalkyl bromide or iodide is added to react with the aromatic derivative.