Abstract: A process for treating a composition comprising one or more desired (hydro)fluoroolefins and one or more undesired halogenated ethanes, halogenated methanes or mixtures thereof so as to reduce the concentration of at least one undesired halogenated ethane or halogenated methane, the process comprising contacting the composition with an adsorbent comprising pores having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of about 6 ? or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a reactor comprising a reaction chamber having a catalytic surface in contact with reactants in said chamber, and a source for passing electrical current through said catalytic surface. The reactor can be used for dehydrohalogentation reactions, such as dehydrochlorination of HCFC-244bb to HFO-1234yf and for reactions where zero valent metals are employed for catalysis. The invention further provides a process to prepare HFO-1234yf from HCFC-244bb using an electrically heated reaction chamber.

Abstract: A method of drying a fluid comprising a fluoropropene, which method comprises the step of contacting the fluid with a desiccant comprising a molecular sieve having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of from about 3 ? to about 5 ?. A heat transfer device comprising a heat transfer fluid comprising a fluoropropene, and a desiccant comprising a molecular sieve having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of from about 3 ? to about 5 ?. Preferably, the fluoropropene is R134yf or R-1225ye.

Abstract: The present process relates to a process comprising: contacting a mixture comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and at least one halogenated ethylene impurity with at least one adsorbent or at least one chemisorption catalyst to reduce the concentration of said at least one halogenated ethylene impurity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating halocarbons. In particular, the invention provides a method for separating halogenated olefin impurities from 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) using a solid adsorbent, particularly activated carbon. More particularly the invention pertains to a method for separating 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene (HCFO-1233xf) from HCFC-244bb, which are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds from a (hydro)fluoroalkene, the process comprising contacting a composition comprising the (hydro)fluoroalkene and one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds with an aluminum-containing absorbent, activated carbon, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method for capturing trifluoromethane from a gaseous mixture in a vent stream from a chlorodifluoromethane manufacturing process is described. In the method, the gaseous mixture is contacted with a molecular sieve, such as a zeolite or activated carbon, having a pore opening of at least about 5 Angstroms and a Sanderson electronegativity of less than or equal to about 2.75. The method is useful for reducing emissions of trifluoromethane, which has a high global warming potential.

Abstract: Provided is a purification method for efficiently reducing an undesirable organic compound or compound in (E)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and thereby obtaining (E)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene with high purity. The purification method of OF-1233E according to the present invention is characterized by bringing a composition containing OF-1233E and at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of HCFC-142 isomers, HCFC-244fa, HFC-245fa, OF-1234E, OF-1234Z and OF-1233Z into contact with a solid adsorbent.

Abstract: A method for forming 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) comprising providing a dehydrochlorination starting material having relatively low concentrations of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf), especially and preferable less than about 8.0% when the dehydrochlorination reaction utilizes no substantial amount of catalyst or catalyst comprising austenitic nickel-based materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating halocarbons. In particular, the invention provides a method for separating halogenated olefin impurities from 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) using a solid adsorbent, particularly activated carbon. More particularly the invention pertains to a method for separating 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene (HCFO-1233xf) from HCFC-244bb, which are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

Abstract: The present process relates to a process comprising: contacting a mixture comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and at least one halogenated ethylene impurity with at least one adsorbent or at least one chemisorption catalyst to reduce the concentration of said at least one halogenated ethylene impurity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating halocarbons. In particular, the invention provides a method for separating halogenated olefin impurities from 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) using a solid adsorbent, particularly activated carbon. More particularly the invention pertains to a method for separating 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene (HCFO-1233xf) from HCFC-244bb, which are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a zeolite having a porous structure produced by forming the zeolite on a porous carbon substrate which has been substantially or completely removed, wherein (i) the zeolite was formed on the substrate at a loading of at least 8% by weight and/or (ii) the zeolite has a reinforcing layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for purifying a trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, in which a composition containing trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and at least one impurity selected from the group consisting of C2H3ClF2, CF3CH2CHClF, CF3CH2CHF2, CHF2CH?CF2, CF3CH?CHCl, CF3CH?CH2, CF3C?CH, and cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is brought into contact with a solid adsorbent to reduce an impurity content thereof. By this method, it is possible to remove the impurity in trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by a simple operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of HFO-1234yf from TCP in three integrated steps that include hydrofluorination of TCP (tetrachloropropene) to HCFC-1233xf in the vapor phase followed by hydrofluorination of HCFC-1233xf to HCFC-244bb in the liquid phase which is then followed by dehydrochlorination in liquid or vapor phase to produce HFO-1234yf. The vapor phase hydrofluorination is carried out at a higher pressure than the liquid phase hydrofluorination, thereby eliminating the need for compression and/or intermediate recovery. Also, any HCl generated from this reaction is fed to the liquid phase hydrofluorination section to promote agitation and mixing. This results in a more economical process from an initial capital and operating cost versus conducting the 3-steps sequentially.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating halocarbons. In particular, the invention provides a method for separating halogenated olefin impurities from 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb) using a solid adsorbent, particularly activated carbon. More particularly the invention pertains to a method for separating 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene (HCFO-1233xf) from HCFC-244bb, which are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the purification of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (HFO-1234yf). More particularly, it relates to a purification process in which 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene, comprising impurities based on halogen compounds, is brought into contact with an adsorbent, preferably molecular sieves and advantageously molecular sieves having a pore opening with an average diameter between 5 and 11 ?, preferably between 5 and 9 ?.

Abstract: To provide a method for purifying tetrafluoroethylene by removing, from tetrafluoroethylene containing a polymerization inhibitor, the polymerization inhibitor by adsorption. A method of bringing tetrafluoroethylene containing a polymerization inhibitor into contact with a silica gel containing a metal salt in an amount of from 250 to 100,000 mass ppm as calculated as metal atoms to remove the polymerization inhibitor by adsorption, and the metal salt is preferably a salt of a metal of Group 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table, more preferably a salt of a metal of Group 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table. For example, as the metal salt, a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum may be used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds from a (hydro)fluoroalkene, the process comprising contacting a composition comprising the (hydro)fluoroalkene and one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds with an aluminium-containing absorbent, activated carbon, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for reducing the concentration of acidic impurities HF, HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3 and H2SO4 in fluorinated hydrocarbons. The process involves: (i) contacting the fluorinated hydrocarbon with a phosphorous oxyacid salt, and (ii) recovering the fluorinated hydrocarbon having reduced concentration of, or substantially free of, said acidic contaminant, provided that said fluorinated hydrocarbon is not CF3CH2CF3 or CF3CHFCF3.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing tetrafluoropropene comprising: (a) catalytically fluorinating at least one tetrafluoropropene in a first reactor to produce HCFO-1233xf; (b) reacting said HCFO-1233xf with hydrogen fluoride in a second reactor to produce HCFC-244bb; (c) recycling at least a portion of said HCFC-244bb back to said first reactor as recycled HCFC-244bb; and (d) catalytically dehydrochlorinating said recycled HCFC-244bb in said first reactor to produce HFO-1234yf.

Abstract: A method for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene comprising (a) providing a starting composition comprising at least one compound having a structure selected from Formulae I, II and III: CX2?CCl—CH2X??(Formula I) CX3—CCl?CH2??(Formula II) CX3—CHCl—CH2X??(Formula III) wherein X is independently selected from F, Cl, Br, and I, provided that at least one X is not fluorine; (b) contacting said starting composition with a first fluorinating agent to produce a first intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a first chlorine-containing byproduct; (c) contacting said first intermediate composition with a second fluorinating agent to produce a second intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane and a second chlorine-containing byproduct; and (d) catalytically dehydrochlorinating at least a portion of said 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane to produce a reaction product comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene.

Abstract: Provided are azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye) and water. Such azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions are useful in isolating 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene from impurities during production. Azeotropes of the instant invention are similarly useful in final compositions or manufacturing final compositions, such as blowing agent, propellants, refrigerants, diluents for gaseous sterilization and the like.

Abstract: According to the first characteristic of the present invention, there is provided a production process for 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene including: the first step of reacting 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane with hydrogen fluoride thereby obtaining 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; and the second step of reacting 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene obtained in the first step with hydrogen fluoride in a gaseous phase in the presence of a fluorination catalyst. According to the second characteristic of the present invention, there is provided a dehydration process including bringing 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene containing at least water into contact with zeolite.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the purification of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (HFO-1234yf). More particularly, it relates to a purification process in which 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene, comprising impurities based on halogen compounds, is brought into contact with an adsorbent, preferably molecular sieves and advantageously molecular sieves having a pore opening with an average diameter between 5 and 11 ?, preferably between 5 and 9 ?.

Abstract: To provide a method for purifying tetrafluoroethylene by removing, from tetrafluoroethylene containing a polymerization inhibitor, the polymerization inhibitor by adsorption. A method of bringing tetrafluoroethylene containing a polymerization inhibitor into contact with a silica gel containing a metal salt in an amount of from 250 to 100,000 mass ppm as calculated as metal atoms to remove the polymerization inhibitor by adsorption, and the metal salt is preferably a salt of a metal of Group 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table, more preferably a salt of a metal of Group 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table. For example, as the metal salt, a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum may be used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for conducting a chemical reaction in a non-fluorous medium using a fluorous compound in the presence of a solid adsorbant containing a fluorous domain and at least one chemical reactant, comprising contacting the fluorous compound and at least one chemical reactant under conditions that form at least one product.

Abstract: Process for obtaining a hydrofluoroalkane which is purified of organic impurities, according to which the hydrofluoroalkane containing organic impurities is subjected to at least one purification treatment chosen from (a) a treatment with chlorine in the presence of a initiator (b) a reaction with hydrogen fluoride (c) a distillation in which the purified hydrofluoroalkane is removed from the top of the distillation column or from the side (d) an extractive distillation (e) an adsorption onto a solid adsorbent (f) a reaction with a compound containing oxygen, and (g) a reaction with a compound containing oxygen and a gas-phase reaction with a reagent capable of reacting with at least some of the organic impurities, with the exception of a reaction with elemental chlorine.

Abstract: A method of drying a fluid comprising a fluoropropene, which method comprises the step of contacting the fluid with a desiccant comprising molecular sieve having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of from about 3 ? to about 5 ?. A heat transfer device comprising a heat transfer fluid comprising a fluoropropene, and a desiccant comprising a molecular sieve having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of from about 3 ? to about 5 ?. Preferably, the fluoropropene is R134yf or R-1225ye.

Abstract: A fluorination reactor having a reaction zone, an inlet for supplying an organic compound to be fluorinated to the reaction zone, an inlet for supplying elemental fluorine to the reaction zone, and an outlet for recovering a fluorinated reaction product, wherein the reaction zone includes a fluoride-adsorbing composition for adsorbing any HF produced as a byproduct of the reaction between the organic compound and elemental fluorine.

Abstract: Crude 1,1-difluoroethane containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of unsaturated compounds each having two carbon atoms within the molecule and saturated chlorine-containing compounds each having two carbon atoms within the molecule is brought into contact with a zeolite and/or a carbonaceous adsorbent, or crude 1,1-difluoroethane containing hydrogen fluoride and, as impurities, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of unsaturated compounds each having two carbon atoms within the molecule is brought into contact with a fluorination catalyst in a gas phase state. High-purity 1,1-difluoroethane usable as a cryogenic refrigerant, or as an etching gas, can be produced in an industrially advantageous manner.

Abstract: A method for the purification of pharmaceutical grade 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and polymer grade chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) by contacting a mixture containing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or chlorodifluoromethane and methyl chloride with a zeolite such as a molecular sieve, and recovering from said contacted mixture substantially purified 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or chlorodifluoromethane.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.

Abstract: Fluorination reactions in which an organic compound to be fluorinated is contacted with elemental fluorine and HF is produced as a byproduct are disclosed, wherein the elemental fluorine is contacted with the organic compound in the presence of a fluoride-adsorbing composition so that the amount of HF or another hydrogen-containing byproduct is reduced or eliminated. Reactor embodiments for the fluorination reactions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Dehydrohalogenation processes for the preparation of fluoropropenes from corresponding halopropanes, in which the fluoropropenes have the formula CF3CY?CXNHP, wherein X and Y are independently hydrogen or a halogen selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; and N and P are independently integers equal to 0, 1 or 2, provided that (N+P)=2.

Abstract: A purification process of thermoprocessable tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymers comprising the following steps: A) the polymer latex is transformed into gel form, under mechanical stirring, by addition of an acid electrolyte having pH values?2; B) washing of the polymer gel with aqueous solutions having pH from 1 to 7.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of essentially isomerically pure perhalogenated and partially halogenated compounds. One embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the production of essentially isomerically pure CFC-216aa. Other embodiments include processes for the production of CFC-217ba and HFC-227ea. Particular embodiments of the present invention provide separation techniques for the separation of chlorofluorocarbons from HF, from other chlorofluorocarbons, and the separation of isomers of halogenated compounds. Still other embodiments of the present invention provide catalytic synthetic techniques that demonstrate extended catalyst lifetime. In other embodiments, the present invention provides catalytic techniques for the purification of isomeric mixtures.

Abstract: To provide a purification adsorbent capable of effectively removing impurities contained in a perfluorocarbon and obtaining a perfluorocarbon reduced in the impurity content to 1 ppm by mass or less; a process for producing the adsorbent; high-purity octafluoropropane or octafluorocyclobutane; processes for purifying and for producing the octafluoropropane or octafluorocyclobutane; and uses thereof. Purification is performed using a purification adsorbent produced by a method comprising (1) washing an original coal with an acid and then with water, (2) deoxidizing and/or dehydrating the original coal, (3) re-carbonizing the original coal at a temperature of from 500 to 700° C. and (4) activating the original coal at a temperature of from 700 to 900° C. in a mixed gas stream containing an inert gas, carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Abstract: A process comprising bringing crude pentafluoroethane containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons containing one carbon atom, hydrochlorofluorocarbons containing one carbon atom and hydrochlorocarbons containing one carbon atom, into contact with an adsorbent comprising a zeolite having an average pore size of 3 to 6 ? and a silica/aluminum ratio of 2.0 or less and/or a carbonaceous adsorbent having an average pore size of 3.5 to 6 ?, to reduce the content of the compound. The purified gas can be used as a low temperature refrigerant or an etching gas.

Abstract: A process for removing a (hydro)haloalkene impurity from a product stream containing that impurity and a desired compound is described. The process comprises contacting the product stream with a solid adsorbent comprising pores having openings which have a size across their largest dimension in the range of from about 7 ? to about 10 ?. The process is particularly suited to the removal of (hydro)halopropene impurities from saturated hydrofluorocarbons such as a tetrafluoroethane, a pentafluoropropane, a hexafluoropropane or a heptafluoropropane.

Abstract: A purification process of thermoprocessable tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymers comprising the following steps: A) the polymer latex is transformed into gel form, under mechanical stirring, by addition of an acid electrolyte having pH values ?2; B) washing of the polymer gel with aqueous solutions having pH from 1 to 7.

Abstract: Tetrafluoromethane containing ethylene compound, hydrocarbon compounds, carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide is contacted with zeolite having an average pore size of 3.4 to 11 ? and an Si/Al ratio of 1.5 or less and/or a carbonaceous adsorbent having an average pore size of 3.4 to 11 ?. Thus, high-purity tetrafluoromethane can be obtained which is advantageous in industry and provides good profitability.

Abstract: Divalent and trivalent metal salts are added to the solution containing the fluorine compound to precipitate the layered double hydroxide containing the fluorine compound between layers. By these processes, the fluorine compound can be fixed with high rate. Moreover, if necessary, the precipitated layered double hydroxide can be recovered to separate the fluorine compound or its salt between layers. Therefore, the burden to environment or the ecosystem by the fluorine compound can be reduced.

Abstract: A process for removing a chlorinated methane impurity from a stream comprising a halogenated compound other than the chlorinated methane impurity, the process comprising contacting the stream with a polymer adsorbent to produce a purified product stream, the polymer adsorbent having a pore size distribution characterized by a higher cumulative porosity as a function of the log of pore diameter than that of activated carbon.

Abstract: A process for purifying octafluorocyclobutane according to the present invention is characterized by contacting a crude octafluorocyclobutane containing impurities with an impurity decomposing agent under elevated temperature and then with an adsorbent to substantially remove the impurities from the crude octafluorocyclobutane. According to the purification process or preparation process of octafluorocyclobutane of the present invention, the impurities such as fluorocarbon can be substantially removed and a high-purity octafluorocyclobutane can be easily obtained. The octafluorocyclobutane obtained by the purification process of the present invention is substantially free of impurities and therefore, can be used as an etching or cleaning gas for use in the production process of a semiconductor device or the like.

Abstract: Divalent and trivalent metal salts are added to the solution containing the fluorine compound and the polymer containing fluorine to precipitate the layered double hydroxide containing the fluorine compound between layers. At this time, the polymer containing fluorine suspended in the solution is also coagulated to precipitate. By these processes, the fluorine compound is fixed with high rate to separate from the solution with the polymer containing fluorine, and recovered if necessary. By this treatment process, the fluorine compound and the polymer containing fluorine, contained in the wastewater etc. can be separated easily, and the burden to environment or ecosystem can be reduced.

Abstract: In a closed-loop biomass extraction apparatus (10), strategies for purifying HFC solvents used therein include: (i) contacting an adsorbent and a desiccant, e.g. in a container (26) with contaminated HFC solvent branched from the main flow loop; and, optionally, (ii) washing contaminated HFC solvent with water, e.g. in a vessel (34) to separate a co-solvent or entrainer, such as ethanol, thereform.

Abstract: Fluorinated emulsifiers, in particular, perfluorooctanoic acid are bound to anionic exchange resins for the purification of aqueous effluent from the production of fluoropolymers. Said emulsifiers may be quantitatively eluted from the exchanger with a water-miscible organic solvent, containing a small amount of ammonia. It is of advantage to distil off the ammonia containing solvent, recycle the emulsifier to a further polymerization and recycle the ammoniacal solvent for elution. Addition of alkalis improves the elution efficiency.

Abstract: In a closed-loop biomass extraction apparatus (10), strategies for purifying HFC solvents used therein include:

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions of drying agents of superabsorbent polymers, molecular sieves and mixtures thereof and binders of polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam and supports comprising cellulose and a method for separating, drying and/or filtering chemical mixtures. The composition and method of the invention have broad applicability. They may be used for example to remove water from chemical mixtures like refrigerants (e.g., in vehicular refrigeration systems), air (e.g., in vehicular braking systems), natural gas and cleaning solvents (e.g., used in semiconductor manufacture and pipeline cleaning).