Abstract: A bimetallic catalyst composition containing a mesh substrate having supported thereon an alumina washcoat on which are impregnated bimetallic particles of rhodium and ruthenium in specified amounts. A process for the catalytic partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon, such as methane or natural gas, involving contacting the hydrocarbon with an oxidant in the presence of the aforementioned bimetallic catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to produce synthesis gas, that is, to a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The method includes processing the acetylene to form a hydrocarbon stream having vinyl chloride. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream is be treated to convert acetylene to other hydrocarbon processes. The method according to certain aspects includes controlling the level of carbon monoxide in the hydrocarbon stream to limit downstream side reactions in the downstream processing units.

Abstract: Improvements in previously disclosed methods of and apparatuses for converting alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics to olefins, alcohols, ethers, and aldehydes includes: safety improvements, use of alternative feedstocks, process simplification, improvements to the halogenation step, improvements to the reproportionation step, improvements to the solid oxide reaction, improvements to solid oxide regeneration, improvements in separations, maintenance, start-up, shut-down, and materials of construction.

Abstract: A method for producing allyl chloride is provided which includes: a chlorination step of reacting propylene with chlorine to obtain a reaction product containing allyl chloride, unreacted propylene and by-product hydrogen chloride; a separation step of cooling the reaction product to separate the reaction product into the allyl chloride and a mixed gas containing the unreacted propylene and the by-product hydrogen chloride; a collection step of separating the mixed gas into the unreacted propylene and the by-product hydrogen chloride to collect the unreacted propylene; and an oxidation step of oxidizing the separated by-product hydrogen chloride to obtain chlorine. At least part of the chlorine used in the chlorination step is the chlorine obtained in the oxidation step. A method for producing dichlorohydrin using the chlorine obtained in the oxidation step is also provided.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) starting from a stream of ethane which is subjected to a catalytic oxydehydrogenation (ODH) producing a gas mixture containing ethylene, then dried and subjected to an absorption to be separated into a fraction enriched with the compounds that are lighter than ethylene containing some of the ethylene conveyed to a chlorination reactor in which most of the ethylene is converted to DCE, and into a fraction F1. Fraction F1 is then subjected to a desorption to be separated into a fraction enriched with ethylene conveyed to an oxychlorination reactor in which most of the ethylene is converted into DCE, and into a fraction F3.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) starting from a stream of ethane which is subjected to a catalytic oxydehydrogenation (ODH) thus producing a gas mixture containing ethylene which is then dried and conveyed to a chlorination reactor supplied with a flow of chlorine so that at least 10% of the ethylene is converted to DCE. The stream of products derived from the chlorination reactor is then conveyed to an oxychlorination reactor in which the majority of the balance of ethylene is converted to DCE.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) the fraction or fractions containing ethylene are conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors and it is conveyed to the pyrolysis oven; and e) the fraction C is conveyed to cracking or to the oven for pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane as fuel.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into a fraction enriched with compounds which are lighter than ethylene, containing part of the ethylene (fraction A), into a fraction enriched with ethylene (fraction B) and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) fraction A is conveyed to a chlorination reactor and fraction B to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present in fractions A and B is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to a first cracking step, namely a pyrolysis step performed in a cracking oven, thus producing a mixture of cracking products; b) the said mixture of cracking products is subjected to a succession of treatment steps ending with a drying step which makes it possible to obtain a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; c) the said mixture of products containing ethylene derived from step b) is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction; d) the fraction(s) containing the ethylene is (are) conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; e) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors; the process being characterized i

Abstract: A process for producing vinyl chloride monomer from ethylene and ethane having input of significant quantities of both ethane and ethylene in input streams to the affiliated reactor where hydrogen chloride in the reactor effluent is only partially recovered from the reactor effluent in the first unit operation after the ethane/ethylene-to-vinyl reaction step or stage. Steps are presented of oxydehydro-chlorination catalytic reaction of ethane, ethylene, hydrogen chloride, oxygen, and chlorine; cooling and condensing the reactor effluent stream; and separating the condensed raw product stream into vinyl chloride monomer and a reactor recycle stream.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,2-dichloroethane which comprises (A) feeding an ethane-containing feed gas stream into a dehydrogenation zone and dehydrogenating ethane to ethane to give a product gas stream comprising ethane, ethane and secondary constituents, (B) feeding the ethan- and ethene-containing dehydrogenation product gas stream as a single stream or a plurality of substreams, optionally after having separated off secondary constituents, into one or more chlorination zones, chlorinating ethene to 1,2-dichloroethane to give one or more product gas streams comprising 1,2-dichloroethane, ethane and possibly further secondary constituents, isolating 1,2-dichloroethane and one or more ethane-containing circulating gas streams and recirculating the ethane-containing circulating gas stream or streams to the ethane dehydrogenation.

Abstract: An oxidative halogenation process involving contacting a reactant hydrocarbon selected from methane, a halogenated C1 hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof with a source of halogen and, preferably, a source of oxygen in the presence of a rare earth halide or rare earth oxyhalide catalyst, so as to form a halogenated C1 hydrocarbon having a greater number of halogen substituents as compared with the reactant hydrocarbon. Preferably, the product is a monohalogenated methane, more preferably, methyl chloride. The oxidative halogenation process to form methyl halide can be integrated with downstream processes to produce valuable commodity chemicals, for example, methyl alcohol and/or dimethyl ether; light olefins, including ethylene, propylene, and butenes; higher hydrocarbons, including gasolines; vinyl halide monomer, and acetic acid. Hydrogen halide, which is a co-product of these downstream processes, can be recycled to the oxidative halogenation process.

Abstract: 1,2-Dichloroethane is prepared by reacting ethylene, hydrogen chloride and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst by a process in which first hydrogen chloride and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas are reacted in the presence of the catalyst, then ethylene is added, and the mixture is reacted in the presence of the said catalyst.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of allyl chloride from three carbon atom hydrocarbons (propane and/or propylene) using hydrogen chloride or hydrogen chloride/chlorine mixtures as the chlorinating agent. The process includes reaction steps operated in tandem in separate zones first comprising the reaction of perchloroethylene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of an oxychlorination catalyst to give hexachloroethane and water, second comprising the vapor phase reaction of hexachloroethane with propane/propylene feedstock to produce allyl chloride, perchloroethylene, and hydrogen chloride, and third isolating the products of the second step and repeating the first step using as starting materials the thus isolated perchloroethylene and hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process of halogenating aliphatic hydrocarbons which comprises, first non-selectively oxyhalogenating a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 aliphatic hydrocarbon to a partially halogenated intermediate product having an overall avarage empirical formula in which the atomic ratio of halogen to carbon is greater than 1:1, then vapor phase halogenating said intermediate product to form an end product having an atomic ratio of carbon to hydrogen is at least 2:1; thereby selectively coproducing or consuming hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, the process for preparing allyl chloride comprises chlorination of propylene with hydrogen chloride in an upward stream consisting of propylene, hydrogen chloride and a catalyst, i.e. manganese dioxide incorporated in a leaned manganese ore in an amount of 20 to 35% byu weight at a temperature within the range of from 300.degree. to 500.degree. C., concentration of the catalyst in the stream of 130-180 kg/m.sup.3, time of contact between propylene, hydrogen chloride and the catalyst in the stream of 0.2-0.7 sec and a volume ratio between propylene and hydrogen chloride in the stream of 1:3-5 respectively. Then the spent catalyst is separated from the reaction mixture resulting from chlorination, regenerated with oxygen at a temperature of from 500.degree. to 520.degree. C. and recycled to the chlorination process. The process according to the present invention makes it possible to achieve a yield of allyl chloride of up to 81.5 vol.

Abstract: A reaction effluent containing vaporized salt withdrawn from a reaction zone, such as a molten salt reaction zone, is contacted with solid particles to cool the gas and condense vaporized salt onto the particles. Such contacting may be effected in either a fluidized bed of solids or in a dilute phase transport contact zone. Heat is recovered either by indirect heat transfer in the fluidized bed or by separating the solid particles and introduction thereof into a fluidized bed cooled by indirect heat transfer. Solid salt is attrited from the particles during contacting with the reaction gas and fluidizing gas, with such solid salts being returned to the reaction zone.

Abstract: Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is produced by the use of a molten salt mixture of cuprous and cupric chloride, with the reaction effluent including the product, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, unreacted feed and organic byproduct, as well as entrained molten salt. The effluent is cooled at a temperature and pressure to effect condensation of organics, with the salt being present in the condensate. The salt is then separated from the organics for re-use in the process. Hydrogen chloride and chlorine present in the effluent are also recovered for re-use in the process.