Catalyst Utilized Patents (Class 570/227)
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Patent number: 6909024Abstract: This invention is a process for producing vinyl chloride from an ethylene-containing feed, oxygen, and a chlorine source in the presence of a catalyst. The process permits direct production of vinyl chloride in a single reactor system, and further permits ethane to be used as the C2 hydrocarbon feed with recycle of ethylene from the product stream to constitute the ethylene specified for the feed. This invention in another aspect concerns also a composition of matter, and a method for making the composition, wherein the composition is useful as a catalyst for the vinyl chloride process. The composition comprises a rare earth-containing material, with the proviso that the catalyst prepared therefrom is substantially free of iron and copper and with the further proviso that when cerium is present the catalyst further comprises at least one more rare earth element other than cerium.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 2000Date of Patent: June 21, 2005Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Mark E. Jones, Michael M. Olken, Daniel A. Hickman
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Patent number: 6797845Abstract: A process for producing vinyl chloride monomer where significant quantities of both ethane and ethylene in input streams to the affiliated reactor where hydrogen chloride in the reactor effluent is essentially fully recovered from the reactor effluent in the first unit operation after the ethane/ethylene-to-vinyl reaction step or stage. Steps are presented of oxydehydro-chlorination catalytic reaction of ethane, ethylene, hydrogen chloride, oxygen, and chlorine; quenching the reactor effluent stream to provide a raw product stream having essentially no hydrogen chloride; and separation of the raw product stream into a vinyl chloride monomer product stream and into a lights stream; and recycling the lights steam to the reactor.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 2002Date of Patent: September 28, 2004Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Daniel A. Hickman, John P. Henley, Mark E. Jones, Kenric A. Marshall, Daniel J. Reed, William D. Clarke, Michael M. Olken, Lee E. Walko
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Patent number: 6388151Abstract: A method for synthesizing tetramethylcyclopentadiene from 2,3-dibromobutane is described. A 2-bromo-2-butene Grignard is reacted with an ethyl formate to produce a 3,5-dimethyl-2,5-heptadiene-4-ol magnesium bromide which is then quenched with acetic acid to produce 3,5-dimethyl-2,5-hepadiene-4-ol.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1998Date of Patent: May 14, 2002Assignee: Boulder Scientific CompanyInventors: Jeffrey M. Sullivan, Richard D. Crawford
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Patent number: 6143939Abstract: A method for preparing olefins and halogenated olefins is provided comprising contacting halogenated compounds with diamonds for a sufficient time and at a sufficient temperature to convert the halogenated compounds to olefins and halogenated olefins via elimination reactions.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1999Date of Patent: November 7, 2000Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Malvina Farcasiu, Phillip B. Kaufman, Edward P. Ladner, Richard R. Anderson
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Patent number: 5821394Abstract: Process for converting a chlorinated alkane into at least one less chlorinated alkene by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium and a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1997Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignee: SolvayInventors: Jean-Paul Schoebrechts, Francine Janssens
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Patent number: 5763698Abstract: The fluorine content of an acyclic saturated compound of the formula C.sub.n F.sub.a X.sub.b H.sub.c (wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of Cl and Br, and wherein n is 1 to 6, a is 1 to 13, b is 0 to 12, c is 1 to 9, and a+b+c equals 2n+2) is reduced by reacting the acyclic saturated compound with HCl in the vapor phase at an elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst, the mole ratio of HCl to the acyclic saturated compound being at least about 1:1.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1995Date of Patent: June 9, 1998Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Leo Ernest Manzer, V. N. Mallikarjuna Rao, Steven Henry Swearingen
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Patent number: 5648571Abstract: Methods for synthesis of chemical compounds by catalytic transfer hydrogenation comprise forming a mixture of a starting material, a hydrogen donor material and a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from a catalytic form of carbon, a polyethylene glycol phase transfer agent, and mixtures thereof. The mixture is heated at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound to cause reduction of the starting material by catalytic transfer hydrogenation and form the desired chemical compound product.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1996Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Inventors: Charles J. Rogers, Alfred Kornel
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Patent number: 5608130Abstract: Methods for synthesis of chemical compounds by catalytic transfer hydrogenation comprise forming a mixture of a starting material, a hydrogen donor material and a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from a catalytic form of carbon, a polyethylene glycol phase transfer agent, and mixtures thereof. The mixture is heated at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound to cause reduction of the starting material by catalytic transfer hydrogenation and form the desired chemical compound product.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1996Date of Patent: March 4, 1997Inventors: Charles J. Rogers, Alfred Kornel
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Patent number: 5545388Abstract: Methods for synthesis of chemical compounds by catalytic transfer hydrogenation comprise forming a mixture of a starting material, a hydrogen donor material and a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from a catalytic form of carbon, a polyethylene glycol phase transfer agent, and mixtures thereof. The mixture is heated at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound to cause reduction of the starting material by catalytic transfer hydrogenation and form the desired chemical compound product.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1995Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Inventors: Charles J. Rogers, Alfred Kornel
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Patent number: 5478548Abstract: Methods for synthesis of chemical compounds by catalytic transfer hydrogenation comprise forming a mixture of a starting material, a hydrogen donor material and a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from a catalytic form of carbon, a polyethylene glycol phase transfer agent, and mixtures thereof. The mixture is heated at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound to cause reduction of the starting material by catalytic transfer hydrogenation and form the desired chemical compound product.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1994Date of Patent: December 26, 1995Inventors: Charles J. Rogers, Alfred Kornel
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Patent number: 5463153Abstract: Process for preparing 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene, which consists in gas-phase dehydrochlorinating a dichlorobutene selected from 3,4-dichloro-1-butene and 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, in the presence of a catalyst selected from lanthanum phosphate and lanthanum phosphate doped with an alkali or alkaline-earth metal.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1994Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Enichem Elastomeres France S.A.Inventor: Isabelle Storet
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Patent number: 5345017Abstract: The fluorine content of an acyclic saturated compound of the formula C.sub.n F.sub.a X.sub.b having at least one carbon with at least two fluorine substituents (wherein each X is independently selected from Cl and Br, and wherein n is 1 to 4, a is 2 to 10, b is 0 to 8, and a+b equals 2n+2) is reduced by reacting the acyclic saturated compound with HCl in the vapor phase at an elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst, the mole ratio of HCl to the acyclic saturated compound being at least about 2:1.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1993Date of Patent: September 6, 1994Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: V. N. Mallikarjuna Rao, Steven H. Swearingen
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Patent number: 5276240Abstract: A novel catalytic process involving complete hydrodehalogenation of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a hydrogen donor and a modified zeolite catalyst has been developed. The process is operated in a continuous flow mode and reaction products consist exclusively of hydrogen halide and hydrocarbons. The relative ratio of paraffins to olefins to aromatics obtained in the product distribution is a strong function of the ratio of hydrogen to reactant and the space velocity and temperature employed. The catalyst employed is a nickel metal modified shape selective zeolite that takes advantage of the hydrogenolysis ability of nickel and the acidic-shape selective properties of the zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1992Date of Patent: January 4, 1994Assignee: Board of Regents, The University of Texas SystemInventors: Richard B. Timmons, Wen-Long Jang, Yigong He, David J. Houpt, Jr.
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Patent number: 5210345Abstract: An addition of benzotrichloride produces a significantly higher yield of vinyl chloride in the thermal cleavage of 1,2-dichloroethane.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1992Date of Patent: May 11, 1993Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Ingolf Mielke
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Patent number: 5202102Abstract: A process is disclosed which comprises: contacting a catalyst such as alumina silica, aluminosilicates, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, and the metals of Groups III and IIB of the Periodic Table under reducing conditions with a gaseous mixture comprising elemental chlorine gas and a diluent under conditions effective to improve the ability of the catalyst to dehydrohalogenate halogenated hydrocarbons: contacting the catalyst with a halogenated hydrocarbon feedstock, the halogenated hydrocarbon feedstock with or without a carrier gas, in the gas phase under dehydrohalogenation conditions; and recovering a dehydrohalogenated product.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1991Date of Patent: April 13, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Hong A. Nguyen
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Patent number: 5196617Abstract: A process for hydrodehalogenating halogenated organic compounds present in a contaminated aqueous environmental source in which the halogenated organic compounds are reacted with hydrogen gas or a source of hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst of palladium on carbon.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1992Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Suphan Kovenklioglu, Edward N. Balko, Jeffrey B. Hoke, Robert J. Farrauto, Gary A. Gramiccioni
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Patent number: 5151263Abstract: A process for the catalytic decomposition of chlorofluoro-alkanes commonly named as "flons" into harmless substances against destructing ozone layer of the stratosphere by using the catalyst comprising alumina or alumina -silica complexed oxide, wherein the range of Al/(Al+Si)atomic ratio is 1.0 to 0.5, in the presence of steam at the temperature of 350.degree. to 1.000.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1990Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Susumu Okazaki, Akito Kurosaki
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Patent number: 5118492Abstract: A process for the catalytic decomposition of chlorofluoro-alkanes commonly named as "flons" into harmless substances against destructing ozone layer of the stratosphere by using the catalyst comprising iron oxide supported on active carbon at the temperature more than 300.degree. C. in the presence of steam.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1990Date of Patent: June 2, 1992Assignee: Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Susumu Okazaki, Akito Kurosaki
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Patent number: 5099085Abstract: The use of hitherto known supported catalysts in chlorination processes and oxychlorination processes leads to high pressure drops and to the formation of hot spot temperatures in the reactor. When honeycomb monolithic catalyst supports provided with a multiplicity of channels open at both ends and parallel to the longitudinal axis are used, both the heat dissipation is improved and the pressure drops across the reactor are lowered drastically. This leads ultimately to an increase in the selectivity of the reaction and to a minimization of the combustion rate.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1991Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignees: Wacker Chemie GmbH, Degussa AGInventors: Rudolf Strasser, Ludwig Schmidhammer, Klaus Deller, Helmfried Krause
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Patent number: 4943671Abstract: Organic halogen compounds in which one or more halogen atoms are covalently bonded to the carbon are subjected to reductive dehalogenation by reaction with a hydrocarbon in the presence of carbon at elevated temperatures with formation of a hydrogen halide, by a process in which the dehalogenation is carried out in the presence of iron powder or an iron compound as a cocatalyst, at from 100.degree. to 450.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1988Date of Patent: July 24, 1990Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Toni Dockner, Manfred Sauerwald, Herbert Krug, Matthias Irgang
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Patent number: 4886891Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a 1,1-disubstituted ethylene derivative of the formula ##STR1## which comprises reacting lead with a carbinol derivative of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X, Y, m and n are defined in the specification. The reaction is conducted more advantageously in the presence of a metal having higher ionization tendency than lead.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1987Date of Patent: December 12, 1989Assignee: Otsuka Kagaku Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shigeru Torii, Masatoshi Taniguchi, Michio Sasaoka, Yoshihisa Tomotaki, Mitsuo Akada, Hideo Tanaka, Akira Suzuki, Shiro Yamashita
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Patent number: 4851597Abstract: A process for the thermal cleavage of 1,2-dichloroethane to give vinyl chloride at 300.degree. to 600.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure or elevated pressure is described. Before cleavage of the 1,2-dichloroethane, 0.001 to 5% by weight of trichloroacetyl chloride or a compound which contains 3 carbon atoms, at least 6 chlorine atoms, 0 to 1 oxygen atom and, for each carbon atom bonded to the latter, 0 or 1 hydrogen atom, is added to it. Due to the addition of the compound(s) mentioned, the conversion is increased at the same cleavage temperature, or the cleavage temperature is reduced at the same conversion, at the same time a reduction in interfering byproducts being observed.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1984Date of Patent: July 25, 1989Assignee: Hochst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Felix, Walter Frohlich, Heiner Katzenberger
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Patent number: 4816609Abstract: An unsaturated halohydrocarbon such as vinylidene chloride is produced by the dehydrohalogenation of haloalkanes such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane or 1,1,2-trichloroethane, in the presence of a novel mixed salt catalyst containing a Group IA metal cation such as Cs, a Group IIA metal cation such as Mg and a neutralizing number of counter anions such as chloride distributed on a support such as silica.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1987Date of Patent: March 28, 1989Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: A. Dale Harley
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Patent number: 4665243Abstract: The energy requirements for preparing vinyl chloride monomer can be reduced by a process which includes the steps of purifying by distillation ethylene dichloride, compressing the ethylene dichloride vapor from the distillation column to a temperature and pressure sufficient for direct feed to a pyrolysis furnace. Up to 80% of the heat presently used after distillation and before pyrolysis can be saved.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1982Date of Patent: May 12, 1987Assignee: Stauffer Chemical CompanyInventor: William M. Burks, Jr.
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Patent number: 4613709Abstract: The pyrolytic dehydrochlorination of haloalkanes is carried out with an initiator comprising chiefly decachlorobutane and octachloro-1-butene.The process can be applied particularly to the production of chloroethylenes from the corresponding polychloroethanes.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1985Date of Patent: September 23, 1986Assignee: Solvay & Cie.Inventor: James Franklin
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Patent number: 4590317Abstract: A process is disclosed for the economical operation of a commercial ethylene dichloride (EDC) cracking furnace which typically is prone to coking of the tubes through which the EDC is flowed. The EDC cracking furnace is found to be critically sensitive to the presence of trace amounts, 30 ppm or more of FeCl.sub.3 and/or 20 ppm or more of free chlorine, which cause coking of the tubes of the furnace. The coking of the tubes is minimized by maintaining less than 30 ppm by weight of FeCl.sub.3 or less than 20 ppm of free chlorine in the EDC feed to the EDC furnace. In the particular instance where EDC is produced at least in part in a high temperature direct chlorination ("boiling") reactor constructed from mild steel, this goal requires that the chlorine content of the effluent from the boiling reactor be controlled so as not to exceed 20 ppm. But this is to be done without using more than a 2% by weight excess of ethylene over the stoichiometric amount required to produce the EDC in the boiling reactor.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1984Date of Patent: May 20, 1986Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: John P. Lenczyk
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Patent number: 4584420Abstract: Compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein each X is independently chloro or bromo is employed as a pyrolysis promoter in the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane to vinyl chloride.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1984Date of Patent: April 22, 1986Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventors: Charles R. Wiedrich, John C. Crano
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Patent number: 4384159Abstract: Saturated C.sub.1-6 hydrochlorocarbons are dehydrochlorinated by contacting with ZSM-5 or silicalite zeolites at 200.degree. C.-400.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1982Date of Patent: May 17, 1983Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Ronald W. Diesen