Liquid Medium Or Inorganic Melt Utilized Patents (Class 570/244)
  • Publication number: 20140228603
    Abstract: Embodiments disclose a process for converting gaseous alkanes to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, olefins or mixtures thereofs wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes may be reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid vapor. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid then may be reacted over a synthetic crystalline alumino-silicate catalyst, such as a ZSM-5 or an X or Y type zeolite, at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 500° C. so as to form hydrobromic acid vapor and higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, olefins or mixtures thereof. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrobromic acid vapor from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, olefins or mixtures thereof and to generate bromine from the hydrobromic acid for use in the process.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 17, 2014
    Publication date: August 14, 2014
    Applicant: Marathon GTF Technology, Ltd.
    Inventor: John J. Waycuilis
  • Patent number: 8030530
    Abstract: A reactor with swing feeds is provided for oxychlorination. This reactor comprises multiple inlets with controls capable of introducing feed streams sequentially to the reactor. In one configuration, a feed stream comprises a paraffin or olefin hydrocarbon such as methane or ethylene, and a second feed stream comprises oxygen and hydrogen chloride. By segregating these feeds, combustion reactions can be minimized and yields of chlorinated components increased.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 8, 2009
    Date of Patent: October 4, 2011
    Inventor: John E. Stauffer
  • Patent number: 7960595
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) the fraction or fractions containing ethylene are conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors and it is conveyed to the pyrolysis oven; and e) the fraction C is conveyed to cracking or to the oven for pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane as fuel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Date of Patent: June 14, 2011
    Assignee: SOLVAY (Société Anonyme)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Dominique Balthasart
  • Patent number: 7863490
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the mixture of products containing ethylene is conveyed to at least one storage reservoir; c) a chlorination reactor and/or an oxychlorination reactor is (are) supplied with the previously stored mixture of products containing ethylene, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Date of Patent: January 4, 2011
    Assignee: Solvay (Société Anonyme)
    Inventors: Dominique Balthasart, Michel Strebelle, Michel Lempereur
  • Patent number: 7732649
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into a fraction enriched with compounds which are lighter than ethylene, containing part of the ethylene (fraction A), into a fraction enriched with ethylene (fraction B) and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) fraction A is conveyed to a chlorination reactor and fraction B to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present in fractions A and B is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Date of Patent: June 8, 2010
    Assignee: SOLVAY (Societe Anonyme)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Dominique Balthasart
  • Patent number: 7691775
    Abstract: A catalyst is disclosed herein. The catalyst includes a reducible oxide support and at least one noble metal fixed on the reducible oxide support. The noble metal(s) is loaded on the support at a substantially constant temperature and pH.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 4, 2007
    Date of Patent: April 6, 2010
    Assignee: The Regents of The University of Michigan
    Inventors: Levi T. Thompson, Chang Hwan Kim, Shyamal K. Bej
  • Patent number: 7612244
    Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst containing active elements including copper deposited on alumina containing at least 0.03 g of titanium, expressed in metal form, per kg of alumina and use thereof in gas hase reactions, such as the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane. This catalyst is suitable for maintaining a constant oxygen content in the tail gases and hence in the recycled gases. The invention further pertains to the use of an alumina containing at least 0.03g titanium, expressed in metal form, per Kg of alumina, as catalyst support and as catalyst diluent. In an example a catalyst containing CuCl2, MgCl2, KCl and LiCl deposited on alumina containing 1.13 g of titanium, expressed in metal form, per Kg of alumina was used for the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane in a fluidized bed reactor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 2004
    Date of Patent: November 3, 2009
    Assignee: Solvay (Societe Anonyme)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Andre Petitjean
  • Publication number: 20080207968
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into a fraction enriched with compounds which are lighter than ethylene, containing part of the ethylene (fraction A), into a fraction enriched with ethylene (fraction B) and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) fraction A is conveyed to a chlorination reactor and fraction B to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present in fractions A and B is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Publication date: August 28, 2008
    Applicant: SOLVAY (SOCIETE ANONYME)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Dominique Balthasart
  • Publication number: 20080207967
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the said mixture of products is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction (fraction C); c) the fraction or fractions containing ethylene are conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors and it is conveyed to the pyrolysis oven; and e) the fraction C is conveyed to cracking or to the oven for pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane as fuel.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Publication date: August 28, 2008
    Applicant: SOLVAY (SOCIETE ANONYME)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Dominique Balthasart
  • Publication number: 20080207965
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to a first cracking step, namely a pyrolysis step performed in a cracking oven, thus producing a mixture of cracking products; b) the said mixture of cracking products is subjected to a succession of treatment steps ending with a drying step which makes it possible to obtain a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; c) the said mixture of products containing ethylene derived from step b) is separated into at least one fraction containing ethylene and into a heavy fraction; d) the fraction(s) containing the ethylene is (are) conveyed to a chlorination reactor and/or to an oxychlorination reactor, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2 -dichloroethane; e) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors; the process being characterized
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Publication date: August 28, 2008
    Applicant: SOLVAY (SOCIETE ANONYME)
    Inventors: Michel Strebelle, Dominique Balthasart
  • Publication number: 20080207966
    Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 1,2-dichloroethane starting with a hydrocarbon source according to which: a) the hydrocarbon source is subjected to cracking which produces a mixture of products containing ethylene and other constituents; b) the mixture of products containing ethylene is conveyed to at least one storage reservoir; c) a chlorination reactor and/or an oxychlorination reactor is (are) supplied with the previously stored mixture of products containing ethylene, in which reactors most of the ethylene present is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane; d) the 1,2-dichloroethane obtained is separated from the streams of products derived from the chlorination and oxychlorination reactors.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2005
    Publication date: August 28, 2008
    Applicant: SOLVAY (SOCIETE ANONYME)
    Inventors: Dominique Balthasart, Michel Strebelle, Michel Lempereur
  • Patent number: 7309804
    Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane that is very pure with respect to chloral or/and chloral hydrate and carbon dioxide is described herein. The process comprises oxychlorination of ethylene, using hydrogen chloride and an oxygen-containing gas, and alkali treatment of the 1,2-dichloroethane produced. In the process, the carbon dioxide present in the 1,2-dichloroethane-containing organic phase is, in accordance with the invention, substantially separated out from the 1,2-dichloroethane-containing organic phase before the alkali treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2002
    Date of Patent: December 18, 2007
    Assignees: Vinnolit Technologie GmbH & Co., Vintron GmbH
    Inventors: Helmut Grumann, Manfred Stoger, Jurgen Eichler, Dieter Jaculi, Winfried Lork, Arend Greve, Jan Wilkens, Peter Kammerhofer, Hermann Tropp
  • Patent number: 6835860
    Abstract: Iodohydroxylated olefins can be prepared by treating an olefin with an aqueous solution of an iodine monohalide selected from iodine monochloride and iodine monobromide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 2003
    Date of Patent: December 28, 2004
    Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.
    Inventors: Yongkui Sun, Thorsten Rosner
  • Patent number: 6191329
    Abstract: A process for specific energy saving, especially in processes involving the oxychlorination of ethylene, facilitates recovery of as much sensible heat to be used for other purposes. In the process the gas mixture leaving the oxychlorination reactor is cooled before it enters the quenching column and the heat recovered is then used to preheat the ethylene recycle gas feed stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 29, 1999
    Date of Patent: February 20, 2001
    Assignee: Krupp Uhde GmbH
    Inventor: Michael Benje
  • Patent number: 5227548
    Abstract: A process for the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane using an oxychlorination catalyst composition comprising a mixture of copper chloride, magnesium chloride and potassium chloride carried on a support therefor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 16, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 13, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventor: John D. Scott
  • Patent number: 5099084
    Abstract: A process is provided for the chlorination of methane using hydrogen chloride as a source of chlorine. The process includes reaction steps operated in tandem in separate zones first comprising the reaction of perchloroethylene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of an oxychlorination catalyst to give hexachloroethane and water, and second comprising the vapor phase reaction of hexachloroethane with methane feedstock to produce chlorinated methane, perchloroethylene and hydrogen chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1992
    Inventor: John E. Stauffer
  • Patent number: 5097083
    Abstract: A process is provided for the chlorination of ethane using hydrogen chloride, chlorine or mixtures as the chlorinating agent. The process includes reaction steps operated in tandem in separate zones first comprising the reaction of perchloroethylene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of an oxychlorination catalyst to give hexachloroethane and water, and second comprising the vapor phase reaction of hexachloroethane with ethane feedstock to produce chlorinated ethanes, chlorinated ethylenes, and hydrogen chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 17, 1992
    Inventor: John E. Stauffer
  • Patent number: 5019652
    Abstract: An improved catlayst and method for the oxyhydrochlorination of methane is disclosed. The catalyst includes a pyrogenic porous support on which is layered as active material, cobalt chloride in major proportion, and minor proportions of an alkali metal chloride and of a rare earth chloride. On contact of the catalyst with a gas flow of methane, HC1 and oxygen, more than 60% of the methane is converted and of that converted more than 40% occurs as monochloromethane. Advantageously, the monochloromethane can be used to produce gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons with the recycle of HCl for further reaction. This catalyst is also of value for the production of formic acid as are analogous catalysts with lead, silver or nickel chlorides substituted for the cobalt chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1991
    Assignee: The United States as represented by the United States Department of Energy
    Inventors: Charles E. Taylor, Richard P. Noceti
  • Patent number: 4871516
    Abstract: An apparatus for conducting sequential chemical reactions between two gaseous reactants and a liquid reaction medium wherein contact between the two gaseous reactants are to be avoided is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a first reaction zone provided with means for contacting a first gaseous reactant with a liquid reaction medium to provide an intermediate liquid mixture, a second reaction zone provided with means for contact between a second gaseous reactant and said intermediate liquid mixture to form a product, communication means providing communication for said liquid reaction medium and said intermediate liquid mixture between said first and second reaction zones and circulation means for continuously circulating said liquid reaction medium and said intermediate liquid mixture between said first and second reaction zones.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 13, 1988
    Date of Patent: October 3, 1989
    Assignee: National Distillers and Chemical Corporation
    Inventor: Jawad H. Murib
  • Patent number: 4849562
    Abstract: The oxychlorination process for producing ethylene dichloride is carried out by reacting ethylene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in an oxychlorination reactor. Thereby, ethyl chloride and perhaps vinyl chloride are produced as by-products. The effluent from the reactor is at least fractionated into an ethylene dichloride-rich fraction (I) and an ethyl chloride-rich fraction (II) so that fraction (I) contains less than 50 percent of the total weight of ethyl chloride produced in step (a) and the sum of the weight of ethylene dichloride and vinyl chloride in fraction (II) is less than 30 percent of the weight of ethyl chloride in fraction (II). The ethyl chloride-rich fraction (II) is subjected to a cracking reaction in the presence or absence of an inert diluent wherein ethyl chloride is converted into ethylene and hydrogen chloride in the presence of a catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 26, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 18, 1989
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Christoph Buhs, Eberhard Dreher, Garnet E. McConchie
  • Patent number: 4774373
    Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making 1,2-dichloroethane by reacting ethylene with chlorine in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst, at a temperature of about 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. at atmospheric or elevated pressure, and distillatively separating the 1,2-dichloroethane from the chlorination mixture. The disclosure provides more particularly for the catalyst used to be an anhydrous tetrachloroferrate(1-) or a substance capable of forming a tetrachloroferrate(1-) in the reaction mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 23, 1983
    Date of Patent: September 27, 1988
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Joachim Hundeck, Harald Scholz, Hans Hennen
  • Patent number: 4731494
    Abstract: A process for making methyl iodide is disclosed. In this process methane, and a source of oxygen are introduced into a molten salt, maintained at a temperature of at least about 500.degree. C., said molten salt comprising an iodide of a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof and a catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of a metal of Group IB and Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with the proviso that said methane and said source of oxygen do not contact each other.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1987
    Date of Patent: March 15, 1988
    Assignee: National Distillers and Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Jawad H. Murib, John H. Kahn
  • Patent number: 4584123
    Abstract: A process of upgrading hydrogen chloride which contains chlorine, iron-III-chloride, acetylene and/or ethylene, for use in an oxichlorination process, wherein water in a gaseous state is added to the hydrogen chloride at temperatures between 120.degree. and 180.degree. C. within a time period of maximally 0.9 seconds after the acetylene and/or ethylene is present in the hydrogen chloride, together with chlorine and iron-III-chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 24, 1984
    Date of Patent: April 22, 1986
    Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbH
    Inventors: Ludwig Schmidhammer, Gerhard Dummer, Klaus Haselwarter, Rudolf Strasser
  • Patent number: 4356336
    Abstract: In the production of a chlorinated hydrocarbon, such as chlorinated methanes, a purge stream is recovered from the chlorinated hydrocarbon effluent, which contains inerts and unreacted hydrocarbon. The unreacted methane present in the purge stream is combusted to recover the fuel values thereof; e.g., as a fuel in the waste chlorinated hydrocarbon combustion to recover chlorine values, with the inerts then being purged from the system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1978
    Date of Patent: October 26, 1982
    Assignee: The Lummus Company
    Inventor: Angel Sy
  • Patent number: 4351819
    Abstract: In an integrated process for oxychlorination and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbon is burned to recover chlorine values essentially as hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen chloride is recovered from the effluent from the combustion by absorption with aqueous hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen chloride recovered by the absorption is subsequently recovered and employed in an oxychlorination reaction. A gas containing hydrogen chloride, water vapor and some oxygen recovered from the oxychlorination is cooled to condense aqueous hydrogen chloride which is employed in the absorption for recovering hydrogen chloride. The remaining gas is employed in the combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 1981
    Date of Patent: September 28, 1982
    Assignee: The Lummus Company
    Inventors: Herbert Riegel, Chiung-Yuan Huang
  • Patent number: 4346069
    Abstract: In an integrated process for oxychlorination and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons is burned to recover chlorine values essentially as hydrogen chloride. Combustion effluent and off-gas from an oxychlorination reaction are simultaneously treated to recover anhydrous hydrogen chloride for use in the oxychlorination reaction. In accordance with one embodiment, off-gas from the oxychlorination is employed in the combustion, prior to hydrogen chloride recovery in order to utilize any oxygen values therein. The process has particular applicability to an oxychlorination reaction of the type wherein a molten salt containing the higher and lower valent chlorides of a multivalent metal is contacted with hydrogen chloride and oxygen to recover hydrogen chloride by enriching the higher valent metal chloride content of the molten salt.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 1981
    Date of Patent: August 24, 1982
    Assignee: The Lummus Company
    Inventors: Herbert Riegel, Chiung-Yuan Huang
  • Patent number: 4256719
    Abstract: Production of sodium bicarbonate by the Solvay-soda method, employing a volatile aliphatic amine instead of ammonia, is combined with the oxychlorination of olefins in liquid phase by using the amine hydrochloride side-product of the soda plant as chlorine source in the oxidative regeneration of the spent chlorinating liquid. The chlorinating liquid contains iodine and copper chloride or iron chloride and on regenerating the spent liquid the amine is recovered in the vapor phase and recycled to the soda plant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 9, 1980
    Date of Patent: March 17, 1981
    Assignee: Akzo N.V.
    Inventor: Eleonoor van Andel